Kariyar Ma'aikata Matafiya
Yarjejeniyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa kan Kare Haƙƙoƙin Ma'aikatan Masu Hijira da kuma Iyalansu yarjejeniya ce ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da ke kula da kare ma'aikatan baƙin haure da iyalai. An sanya hannu a ranar 18 ga Disambar shekara ta 1990, ya fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Yulin shekara ta 2003 bayan an cimma iyakar jihohi guda 20 masu amincewa da juna a cikin Maris na shekara ta 2003. Kwamitin kula da ma'aikatan baƙin haure (CMW) ne ke sa ido kan aiwatar da yarjejeniyar, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama guda bakwai masu alaƙa da MDD. Yarjejeniyar ta shafi watan Agustan shekara ta 2021 a cikin ƙasashe guda 56.[1]
| ICMW | |
|---|---|
| Iri |
international human rights instrument (en)  United Nations treaty (en) core international human rights instrument (en) |
| Bangare na |
United Nations General Assembly Resolution 45/158 (en) da Dokar 'yancin dan adam ta kasa da kasa |
| Validity (en) | 18 Disamba 1990 – |
| Kwanan watan | 18 Disamba 1990 |
| Coming into force (en) | 1 ga Yuli, 2003 |
| Ranar wallafa | 18 Disamba 1990 |
| Depositary (en) |
United Nations Secretary-General (en) |
Magana
gyara sashe“Lokaci ya yi da ya kamata a yi nazari sosai kan bangarori daban-daban na batun hijirar, wanda a yanzu ya shafi daruruwan miliyoyin mutane, kuma ya shafi ƙasashen da suka fito, da zirga-zirga da kuma inda za a je. Muna bukatar mu ƙara fahimtar musabbabin kwararowar al'ummar duniya da kuma hadaddiyar alakarsu da ci gaba." Sakatare-Janar na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Kofi Annan, daga rahotonsa na karfafa kungiyar, 9 ga Nuwamba 2002.[2]
Bayanin
gyara sasheYarjejeniyar Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ƙunshi cikakkiyar yarjejeniya ta ƙasa da ƙasa game da kare haƙƙin ma'aikata baƙi. Yana jaddada alaƙa tsakanin ƙaura da yancin ɗan adam, wanda ke ƙara zama wani muhimmin batu na siyasa a duniya. Yarjejeniyar tana nufin kare ma'aikatan baƙi da membobin danginsu; kasancewarsa ya kafa ma'auni na ɗabi'a, kuma yana zama jagora da ƙarfafawa don haɓaka haƙƙin ƙaura a kowace ƙasa.
A cikin Preamble, Yarjejeniyar ta tuna da yarjejeniyar da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararru ta Ƙasa ta Duniya ta yi game da ma'aikatan ƙaura : Hijira don Yarjejeniyar Aiki (Bita), 1949, Ma'aikatan Hijira (Ƙarin Sharuɗɗa) Yarjejeniyar, 1975, da kuma aikin tilastawa ; Yarjejeniyar Kwadago ta Tilastawa da Soke Yarjejeniyar Aiki na Tilas da kuma yarjejeniyoyin haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙasa da ƙasa ciki har da Yarjejeniyar Yaƙi da Wariya a Ilimi .
Babban maƙasudin Yarjejeniyar ita ce haɓaka mutunta haƙƙin ɗan adam na bakin haure. Bakin haure ba ma’aikata kadai ba ne, har ma mutane ne. Yarjejeniyar ba ta haifar da sabbin haƙƙoƙi ga baƙi ba amma tana nufin tabbatar da daidaiton jiyya, da yanayin aiki iri ɗaya, gami da yanayin aikin wucin gadi, ga baƙi da 'yan ƙasa. Yarjejeniyar tana ƙirƙira ne saboda ta dogara da ainihin ra'ayi cewa duk bakin haure su sami mafi ƙarancin kariya. Yarjejeniyar ta amince da cewa baƙi na yau da kullun suna da haƙƙin neman ƙaura, amma ya jaddada cewa baƙin haure ba bisa ƙa’ida ba dole ne su ga ana mutunta muhimman haƙƙoƙin ɗan adam, kamar kowane ɗan adam.
A halin da ake ciki, Yarjejeniyar ta ba da shawarar cewa a dauki matakai don kawar da zirga-zirgar sirri, musamman ta hanyar yaki da bayanan karya da ke ingiza mutane yin hijira ba bisa ka'ida ba, da kuma takunkumai kan masu fataucin mutane da masu daukar nauyin bakin hauren da ba su da takardun izini.
Mataki na 7 na wannan Yarjejeniyar ta kare haƙƙin ma'aikatan ƙaura da iyalansu ba tare da la'akari da "jima'i, launin fata, launi, harshe, addini ko hukunci ba, siyasa ko wani ra'ayi, ƙasa, kabila ko zamantakewa, ƙasa, shekaru, matsayi na tattalin arziki, dukiya, ko wani yanki na kasa, ko ƙabila ko al'umma. matsayin aure, haihuwa, ko wani matsayi”. Kuma Mataki na ashirin da tara yana kare haƙƙin ɗan ma'aikacin ƙaura don suna, zuwa rajistar haihuwa da kuma ɗan ƙasa .
Ana kuma tunawa da wannan Yarjejeniyar ta Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin naƙasassu a Gabatarwar. [3]
Jam'iyyu da masu sanya hannu
gyara sashe
Tun daga watan Agustan shekara ta 2021 ƙasashen da suka amince da Yarjejeniyar su ne ƙasashen da suka fito daga bakin haure (kamar Mexico, Maroko, da Philippines). Ga waɗannan ƙasashe, Yarjejeniyar muhimmiyar abin hawa ce don kare 'yan ƙasa da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje. A cikin Filipinas, alal misali, amincewa da Yarjejeniyar ya faru ne a cikin yanayin da aka kwatanta da wasu lokuta na ma'aikatan Filifin da ake zalunta a ƙasashen waje: irin waɗannan lokuta sun cutar da al'ummar Filipino kuma sun sa amincewa da Yarjejeniyar. Duk da haka, waɗannan ƙasashe su ma ƙasashe ne masu wuce gona da iri, kuma Yarjejeniyar ta zayyana nauyin da ya rataya a wuyansu na kare haƙƙin 'yan ci-rani a yankunansu, kuma ba su yi wani abu ba wajen kare wadanda ke cikin gida.[4][5]
Babu wata ƙasa mai karɓar baƙin haure a Yammacin Turai ko Arewacin Amurka da ta amince da Yarjejeniyar. Sauran mahimman ƙasashe masu karɓa, irin su Ostiraliya, ƙasashen Larabawa na Tekun Fasha, Indiya da Afirka ta Kudu ba su amince da Yarjejeniyar ba.Samfuri:Image frame
| Labari | Yawan jama'a [lower-alpha 1] | Per. |
|---|---|---|
| 1,790,722,000 | ||
| 83,145,000 | ||
| 5,920,932,000 |
| State | Status | Signature | Deposit | Method | PopulationCite error: Invalid <ref> tag; refs with no name must have content
| |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Albaniya
|
Party | 5 June 2007 | Accession | 2,878,000 | ||
 Aljeriya
|
Party | 21 April 2005 | Accession | 43,851,000 | ||
 Argentina
|
Party | 10 August 2004 | 23 February 2007 | Ratification | 45,196,000 | |
 Armeniya
|
Signatory | 26 September 2013 | 2,963,000 | |||
 Azerbaijan
|
Party | 11 January 1999 | Accession | 10,139,000 | ||
 Bangladesh
|
Party | 7 October 1998 | 24 August 2011 | Ratification | 164,689,000 | |
 Belize
|
Party | 14 November 2001 | Accession | 398,000 | ||
 Benin
|
Party | 15 September 2005 | 6 July 2018 | Ratification | 12,123,000 | |
 Bolibiya
|
Party | 16 October 2000 | Accession | 11,673,000 | ||
 Herzegovina
|
Party | 13 December 1996 | Accession | 3,281,000 | ||
 Burkina Faso
|
Party | 16 November 2001 | 26 November 2003 | Ratification | 20,903,000 | |
 Cabo Verde
|
Party | 16 September 1997 | Accession | 556,000 | ||
 Kambodiya
|
Signatory | 27 September 2004 | 16,719,000 | |||
 Kameru
|
Signatory | 15 December 2009 | 26,546,000 | |||
 Cadi
|
Party | 26 September 2012 | 22 February 2022 | Ratification | 16,426,000 | |
 Chile
|
Party | 24 September 1993 | 21 March 2005 | Ratification | 19,116,000 | |
 Kolombiya
|
Party | 24 May 1995 | Accession | 50,883,000 | ||
 Komoros
|
Signatory | 22 September 2000 | 870,000 | |||
| Samfuri:Country data Congo, Republic of the | Party | 29 September 2008 | 31 March 2017 | Ratification | 5,518,000 | |
 Ecuador
|
Party | 5 February 2002 | Accession | 17,643,000 | ||
 Egypt
|
Party | 19 February 1993 | Accession | 102,334,000 | ||
 Salvador
|
Party | 13 September 2002 | 14 March 2003 | Ratification | 6,486,000 | |
 Fiji
|
Party | 19 August 2019 | Accession | 896,000 | ||
 Gabon
|
Signatory | 15 December 2004 | 2,226,000 | |||
 Gambia
|
Party | 20 September 2017 | 28 September 2018 | Ratification | 2,417,000 | |
 Ghana
|
Party | 7 September 2000 | 7 September 2000 | Ratification | 31,073,000 | |
 Guatemala (ƙasa)
|
Party | 7 September 2000 | 14 March 2003 | Ratification | 17,916,000 | |
 Gine
|
Party | 7 September 2000 | Accession | 13,133,000 | ||
 Guinea-Bissau
|
Party | 12 September 2000 | 22 October 2018 | Ratification | 1,968,000 | |
 Guyana
|
Party | 15 September 2005 | 7 July 2010 | Ratification | 787,000 | |
 Haiti
|
Signatory | 5 December 2013 | 11,403,000 | |||
 Honduras
|
Party | 9 August 2005 | Accession | 9,905,000 | ||
 Indonesiya
|
Party | 22 September 2004 | 31 May 2012 | Ratification | 273,524,000 | |
 Jamaika
|
Party | 25 September 2008 | 25 September 2008 | Ratification | 2,961,000 | |
 Kyrgystan
|
Party | 29 September 2003 | Accession | 6,524,000 | ||
 Lesotho
|
Party | 24 September 2004 | 16 September 2005 | Ratification | 2,142,000 | |
 Laberiya
|
Signatory | 22 September 2004 | 5,058,000 | |||
 Libya
|
Party | 18 June 2004 | Accession | 6,871,000 | ||
 Madagaskar
|
Party | 24 September 2014 | 13 May 2015 | Ratification | 27,691,000 | |
 Mali
|
Party | 5 June 2003 | Accession | 20,251,000 | ||
 Muritaniya
|
Party | 22 January 2007 | Accession | 4,650,000 | ||
 Mexico
|
Party | 22 May 1991 | 8 March 1999 | Ratification | 128,933,000 | |
 Montenegro
|
Signatory | 23 October 2006 | 628,000 | |||
 Moroko
|
Party | 15 August 1991 | 21 June 1993 | Ratification | 36,911,000 | |
 Mozambik
|
Party | 15 March 2012 | 19 August 2013 | Ratification | 31,255,000 | |
 Nicaragua
|
Party | 26 October 2005 | Accession | 6,625,000 | ||
 Nijar
|
Party | 18 March 2009 | Accession | 24,207,000 | ||
 Nigeria
|
Party | 27 July 2009 | Accession | 206,140,000 | ||
 Palau
|
Signatory | 20 September 2011 | 18,000 | |||
 Paraguay
|
Party | 13 September 2000 | 23 September 2008 | Ratification | 7,133,000 | |
 Peru
|
Party | 22 September 2004 | 14 September 2005 | Ratification | 32,972,000 | |
 Filipin
|
Party | 15 November 1993 | 5 July 1995 | Ratification | 109,581,000 | |
 Ruwanda
|
Party | 15 December 2008 | Accession | 12,952,000 | ||
 Sao Tome da Prinsipe
|
Party | 6 September 2000 | 10 January 2017 | Ratification | 219,000 | |
 Senegal
|
Party | 9 June 1999 | Accession | 16,744,000 | ||
 Serbiya
|
Signatory | 11 November 2004 | 8,737,000 | |||
 Seychelles
|
Party | 15 December 1994 | Accession | 98,000 | ||
 Saliyo
|
Signatory | 15 September 2000 | 7,977,000 | |||
 Sri Lanka
|
Party | 11 March 1996 | Accession | 21,413,000 | ||
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (en)
|
Party | 29 October 2010 | Accession | 111,000 | ||
 Syria
|
Party | 2 June 2005 | Accession | 17,501,000 | ||
 Tajikistan
|
Party | 7 September 2000 | 8 January 2002 | Ratification | 9,538,000 | |
 Timor-Leste
|
Party | 30 January 2004 | Accession | 1,318,000 | ||
 Togo
|
Party | 15 November 2001 | 16 December 2020 | Ratification | 8,279,000 | |
 Turkiyya
|
Party | 13 January 1999 | 27 September 2004 | Ratification | 84,339,000 | |
 Uganda
|
Party | 14 November 1995 | Accession | 45,741,000 | ||
 Uruguay
|
Party | 15 February 2001 | Accession | 3,474,000 | ||
 Venezuela
|
Party | 4 October 2011 | 25 October 2016 | Ratification | 28,436,000 | |
Duba kuma
gyara sashe- Shige da fice
- Ma'aikatan ƙaura
- Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya
- Ranar bakin haure ta duniya
- Hukumar Kula da Hijira ta Duniya
- Hijira don Yarjejeniyar Aiki (Bita), 1949
- Yarjejeniyar Ma'aikatan Hijira (Ƙarin Sharuɗɗa), 1975
- Yarjejeniya kan ma'aikatan gida
Bayanan kula
gyara sasheManazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ "13. International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families. New York, 18 December 1990". UN Treaty base. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
- ↑ "United Nations Maintenance Page". www.un.org. Retrieved 2020-01-02.
- ↑ Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Preamble,(d)
- ↑ Palmer, Wayne; Missbach, Antje (2019-05-04). "Enforcing labour rights of irregular migrants in Indonesia". Third World Quarterly (in Turanci). 40 (5): 908–925. doi:10.1080/01436597.2018.1522586. ISSN 0143-6597.
- ↑ Palmer, Wayne (2018). "Back Pay for Trafficked Migrant Workers: An Indonesian Case Study". International Migration (in Turanci). 56 (2): 56–67. doi:10.1111/imig.12376.
Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
gyara sashe- Cikakken rubutun Yarjejeniyar (Turanci)
- Cikakken rubutun Yarjejeniyar (Spanish)
- Sa hannu da tabbatarwa
- Kwamitin Ma'aikatan Hijira (wanda ke sa ido kan aiwatar da yarjejeniyar)
- Rahoton Hijira na Duniya na 2002 wanda Sashen Tattalin Arziki da Al'amuran Jama'a/Yawan Jama'a na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya buga
- Wakilin Musamman kan Hakkokin Dan Adam na Baƙi
- Shirin UNESCO kan Hijira na Ƙasashen Duniya da Manufofin Al'adu da yawa: Ayyuka akan Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan 'Yancin Baƙi
- Kungiyar Kwadago ta Duniya
- Hukumar Kula da Hijira ta Duniya
- Ƙungiyar Haƙƙin ƙaura ta Duniya
- Dandalin Migrant a Asiya
- Sanarwa Akan Hakkokin Wanda Aka Kora Da Korarsu