Jerin tsoffin biranen da ake ci gaba da zama acikisu

Wannan jerin birane ne na yau tare da tsawon lokacin da aka ci gaba da zama acikinsu a matsayin birane. Amma anyi jayayya akan tsawon shekarun da aka lissafo. Bambance-bambancen ra'ayi na iya haifar da ma'anoni daban-daban na " birni " da kuma "mazaunin ci gaba" kuma ana jayayya da shaidar tarihi sau da yawa. Ana kuma tattauna fa'idodi (da maɓuɓɓuka) ga ingancin kowane da'awar a cikin ginshiƙin "Notes".

Jerin tsoffin biranen da ake ci gaba da zama acikisu
jerin maƙaloli na Wikimedia

Byblos (Lebanon)

Jerin tsoffin biranen da ake ci gaba da zama acikisu

Afirka

Yankunan Arewa

Suna	Yankin tarihi	Wuri na yanzu	Ci gaba </br> zama tun	Bayanan kula
Faiyum (as Shedet )	Tsohon Misira	</img> Masar	c. 2181 BC	Matsuguni da Tsohon Mulkin ya kafa (c. 2686–2181 BC)
Luxor (a matsayin Waset, wanda aka fi sani da sunan Girkanci Thebes )	Tsohon Misira	</img> Masar	c. 2150 BC	Da farko an kafa shi a matsayin babban birnin Upper Masar, daga baya Thebes ya zama babban birnin addini na al'umma har sai da ta ragu a zamanin Romawa.
Tangier (kamar Tingi )	Phenicia, Carthage, sai Masarautar Mauretania	</img> Maroko	c. 800 BC	Phoenicians ne suka kafa shi, daga baya babban birni na Masarautar Mauretania
Zeila/Avalites	Bilad al-Barbar	Somaliya</img> Somaliya	c. 700 BC	Manyan biranen kasuwanci a yankin kahon Afirka .
Aswan (as Swenett )	Tsohon Misira	</img> Masar	c. 650 BC	Ya sami shahara a ƙarshen zamani (664-332 BC).
Constantine (kamar Cirta )	Numidia	</img> Aljeriya	c. 600 BC	An kafa shi a karni na 6 BC, ta Numidians .
Benghazi (kamar Euesperides )	Cyrenaica	</img> Libya	c. 525 BC	An kafa shi a karni na 5 BC, ta Girkawa .
Mendefera	D`mt	</img> Eritrea	c. 500 BC	Tsohon babban birnin kasuwanci na masarautar D`mt da masarautar Axumite.
Aksum	Masarautar Axum	</img> Habasha	c. 100 BC	Tsohon babban birnin Masarautar Axum.
Alexandria	Tsohon Misira	</img> Masar	332 BC	Alexander the Great ne ya kafa shi akan garin Rhacotis, wanda ya samo asali ne tun a Tsohuwar Mulki
Mogadishu	Bilad al-Barbar	</img> Somaliya	c. 200 BC	Magajin tsohon ikon ciniki na Sarapion .
Tsohon Alkahira	Masar	</img> Masar	c. 100 AD	Garin Babila ya koma matsayin da yake a yanzu a zamanin Sarkin sarakuna Trajan, wanda ya zama ainihin tsohuwar ko 'yan Koftik Alkahira.
Kismayo	Bilad al-Barbar, bayan karni na 13 na daular Ajuran	</img> Somaliya	c. 300 AD	Yankin kismau asalin wani karamin wurin kamun kifi ne kuma ya fadada zuwa babban birnin kasuwanci a gabar tekun Somaliya.

Kudu-Sahara

Name	Historical region	Present location	Continuously inhabited since	Notes
Zanzibar	Swahili Coast	Samfuri:TAN	1st–3rd centuries AD	A Greco-Roman text between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD, the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, mentioned the island of Menuthias (Ancient Greek: Μενουθιάς), which is probably Unguja, the island on which the city is located.
Benin City	Kingdom of Benin	Nijeriya	c. 1000 AD	City of Benin, the oldest city in Nigeria.
Ife	Osun State	Nijeriya	c. 1000 AD
Sofala	Swahili Coast	Samfuri:MOZ	c. 700 AD	One of the oldest harbours documented in Southern Africa.
Pate	Swahili Coast	Kenya	8th century AD	According to the Pate Chronicle, the town of Pate was founded by refugees from Oman in the 8th century.
Mombasa	Swahili Coast	Kenya	c. 900 AD	The strategic location of this historical Swahili trading centre has seen it fall under the control of many countries.
Moroni	Swahili Coast	Samfuri:COM	10th century AD	Founded, possibly during the 10th century, as the capital of a sultanate connected commercially to Zanzibar in Tanzania.
Agadez	Mali Empire, Songhai Empire	Samfuri:NIG	11th century AD	Founded in the 11th century, Agadez was an important stop for caravans crossing the Saharan Desert for centuries. Agadez was held by the Mali empire during part of the 14th century, captured by the Songhai empire in 1515, and controlled by Bornu in the 17th century.
Kano	Kingdom of Kano	Nijeriya	11th century AD	The foundation for the construction of Kano City Walls was laid by Sakri Gijimasu at some point between 1095 and 1134, and was completed in the middle of the 14th century during the reign of Usman Zamnagawa.
Timbuktu	Mali Empire	Mali	11th century AD	Settled by Tuareg traders as an outpost, its incorporation into the Mali Empire and Mande, Soninke, and Songhai settlement from the 13th century rapidly developed the town.
Malindi	Swahili Coast	Kenya	13th–14th centuries AD	Once rivaled only by Mombasa for dominance in this part of East Africa, it was first referenced in writing by Abu al-Fida (1273–1331), a Kurdish geographer and historian.
M'banza-Kongo	Kongo Empire	Angola	c. 1390 AD	Capital of the Kongo Empire, already organized as a city before the arrival of the Portuguese.
Quelimane	Swahili Coast	Samfuri:MOZ	1400 AD	One of the oldest towns in the region, one tradition says that Vasco da Gama, in 1498, enquired about the name of the place from workers in the fields outside the settlement.
Cidade Velha (as Ribeira Grande)	Santiago Island	Samfuri:CPV	1462 AD	The first European settlement in Sub Saharian Africa.
Lagos	Kingdom of Benin	Nijeriya	16th century AD	Initially established as a war camp for soldiers from the Kingdom of Benin.
Ouidah	Kingdom of Whydah	Benin	16th century AD	The primary port of the Kingdom of Whydah, originally called Glehue by the Fon inhabitants. The town was conquered by the Kingdom of Dahomey in the 18th century and eventually exported more than 1 million slaves.
Antananarivo	Merina Kingdom	Samfuri:MAD	1610 AD or 1625 AD	Founded by the Merina King Andrianjaka, it is the oldest city in Madagascar.
Cape Town	Dutch East India Company	Samfuri:ZAF	1652 AD	Founded by Dutch settlers from Dutch East India Company and is the oldest city in South Africa.
Kumasi	Ashanti Empire	Ghana	c. 1680 AD	Founded as Akan village and capital of the Kumaseman State, later becoming capital of Ashanti Empire.