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Juyin mulki a Najeriya, (15 ga watan Janairu 1966)

Tashin hankalin da ya yi sanadiyar hambarar da mulkin gwamnatin Najeriya

Juyin mulkin Nijeriya na 1966 ya fara ne a ranar 15 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1966, lokacin da wasu ƴan ta’addan Najeriya ƙarƙashin jagorancin Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu da Emmanuel Ifeajuna suka kashe mutane 22[1] da suka haɗa ciki har da firaministan Najeriya na farko, manyan ƴan siyasa da dama, da manyan hafsoshin Soja (ciki har da matansu), da kuma ma'aikatan da ke aikin basu kariya.[2][3] Masu yunƙurin juyin mulkin sun kai hari a biranen; Kaduna, Ibadan, da Legas, yayin da kuma suka tare kogin Neja da Benue a cikin kwanaki biyu kafin a murƙushe masu yunƙurin yin juyin mulkin. Babban hafsan rundunar sojin Najeriya, Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, ya tilasta karɓe ikon mulkin wata ƙasa a cikin ruɗani, ba da gangan ba, wanda ya sanya dimokuradiyyar Najeriya ta koma baya.[4] Hawan sa kan ƙaragar mulki dai, an yi zargin cewa masu yunƙurin juyin mulkin ne, wadanda galibin jami’an ƙabilar Ibo ne, domin share wa Janar Aguiyi-Ironsi hanyar zama shugaban ƙasar Nijeriya. Sakamakon haka, harin ramuwar gayya da ƴan Arewa na Sojojin Najeriya suka yi wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar sojojin ƙabilar Ibo da dama da ba su ji ba ba su gani ba, hakan yayi silar haddasa yaƙin basasar Najeriya .[ana buƙatar hujja]

Infotaula d'esdevenimentJuyin mulki a Najeriya,
Map
 9°N 8°E / 9°N 8°E / 9; 8
Iri coup d'état (en) Fassara
Kwanan watan 16 ga Janairu, 1966
Wuri Najeriya
Ƙasa Najeriya
Adadin waɗanda suka rasu 22

Kafin nan

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A watan Agustan shekarata 1965 wasu manyan hafsoshin Soja ( Emmanuel Ifeajuna, Timothy Onwuatuegwu, Chris Anuforo, Don Okafor, Humphrey Chukwuka, da Adewale Ademoyega ) suka fara yunƙurin juyin mulki akan firayim minista na farko kuma mai ci Abubakar Ɓalewa.[5] An cewar Manjo, an dai shirya juyin mulkin ne saboda mutanen da ke riƙe da madafun iko sun yi wa Najeriya ɓarna ta gurbatattun hanyoyinsu. Ministocin da ke ƙarƙashin su, sun kasance suna rayuwa mai daɗi da wawushe dukiyar al’umma, suna kashe talakawan ƙasa.[ana buƙatar hujja]

Shugaban Najeriya Nnamdi Azikiwe ya bar ƙasar ne a karshen shekarar 1965, inda ya fara tafiya zuwa Turai, sannan ya yi balaguro zuwa yankin Caribbean. A ƙarƙashin dokar, shugaban majalisar dattijai, Nwafor Orizu, ya zama shugaban riƙo a lokacin... da ba ya nan kuma ya karɓe dukkan ikon ofishin.[6]

Juyin mulki

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Da safiyar ranar 15 ga watan Janairun shekarar 1966, a wani taro da wasu ƴan jarida na cikin gida, suka yi a Kaduna don neman sanin abin da ke faruwa, an kawo wa Manjo Nzeogwu cewa kawai bayanin abubuwan da suka faru a lokacin shi ne abin da BBC ke haɗawa.[5] Nzeogwu ya yi mamaki domin ya yi tsammanin za a watsa rahoton bayanan rediyon ƴan tawayen daga Legas. An ce ya ɗimauce a lokacin da ya samu labarin cewa Emmanuel Ifeajuna a Legas bai yi wani shiri ko kaɗan ba don kashe Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi wanda shi ne Kwamandan Sojoji. Don haka Nzeogwu ya yi gaggawar shirya jawabin da aka watsa a gidan rediyon Kaduna da misalin karfe 12 na safe inda ya ayyana dokar ta-ɓaci a kan lardunan Arewacin Najeriya.[7][8]

Bayan haka

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Muƙaddashin shugaban ƙasar Nwafor Orizu ya yi wani jawabi a faɗin ƙasar, bayan da ya yi wa shugaban ƙasar Nnamdi Azikiwe bayani ta wayar tarho game da matakin da majalisar ministocin ta ɗauka, inda ya bayyana matakin da majalisar ta ɗauka na miƙa mulki ga sojojin ƙasar.[ana buƙatar hujja] Manjo Janar Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi ya yi nasa watsa shirye-shirye, yana karɓar "gayyatar". A ranar 17 ga watan Janairu, Manjo Janar Ironsi ya kafa Majalisar Koli ta Sojoji a Legas kuma ya dakatar da tsarin mulki yadda ya kamata.[9]

Abubuwan da suka faru

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Dangane da irin hasarar da aka yi, masu yunƙurin juyin mulkin sun yi iƙirarin kawar da su bayan juyin mulkin da aka yi wa ƴan uwa ko magoya bayan gwamnatin baya, kuma an kai su ne don dalilai na siyasa kawai maimakon zama kawar da ƙabilanci da aka mayar da hankali kan wata ƙabila ko kabilu; Bugu da ƙari, sun kuma yi iƙirarin cewa jerin mutanen da suke neman kai wa hari, basu da yawa, waɗanda suka kunshi mutane 8 ne kacal, rabinsu daga cikin su, ƴan kasashen waje ne da ake shirin kamawa ba a kashe su ba, kuma waɗanda aka kashe din hakan ya faru ne a yayin yunƙurin juyin mulkin. Wadannan iƙirari sun fito ne daga wani memba na mutanen uku da suka yi juyin mulki, Adewale Ademoyega, wanda aka wallafa/buga (iƙirarin) a Najeriya a cikin shekara ta 1981 a cikin wani littafi mai suna Me Ya Sa Muka Buƙaci, littafin ya littafin ya bayyana dalilansu da burikan su[10] inda ya zayyano:

" Babu wata shawara a taronmu na ware wata ƙabila domin kawar da ita. Burinmu abin alfahari ne, ra'ayoyinmu na ƙasa ne, haka-zalika burinmu na da manufa. Hatta waɗanda aka ware domin a kamosu, huɗu daga cikin su, ƴan Arewa ne, biyu daga yankin Yamma, biyu kuma daga Gabashin ƙasar suka fito. "

A ƙasa akwai cikakken jerin sunayen waɗanda suka mutu a yayin tarzomar juyin mulkin.[1]

Farar hula

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Sojoji da ƴan sanda

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  • Brig. Samuel Ademulegun
  • Brig. Zakariya Maimalari
  • Col. Ralph Shodeinde[12]
  • Col. Kur Mohammed[13]
  • Lt. Col. Abogo Largema[13]
  • Lt. Col. James Pam[13]
  • Lt. Col. Arthur Unegbe
  • Sajan Daramola Oyegoke (ya taimaka wa Nzeogwu a harin da aka kai a masaukin Sardauna kuma a cewar rahoton ƴan sanda Nzeogwu ne ya kashe shi)[2][3]
  • PC Yohana Garkawa
  • Lance Kofur Musa Nimzo
  • PC Akpan Anduka
  • PC Hagai Lai
  • Philip Lewande

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Siollun, Max (2009). Oil, Politics and Violence: Nigeria's Military Coup Culture (1966-1976). Algora Publishing, 2009. p. 237. ISBN 9780875867106.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Omoigui, Nowamagbe. "SPECIAL BRANCH REPORT: "Military Rebellion of 15th January 1966". Gamji.com. Archived from the original on 23 August 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kirk-Greene, Anthony Hamilton Millard (1 January 1971). Crisis and Conflict in Nigeria: A Documentary Sourcebook, 1966–1969. Crisis and Conflict in Nigeria: A Documentary Sourcebook, 1966-1969. 1 (1st ed.). New York City, New York, United States of America: Oxford University Press. p. 124. ISBN 978-0192156419.
  4. ↑ Teniola, Eric (28 December 2015). Mojeed, Musikilu; Akinbajo, Idris; Abdullahi, Nasiru Abubakar; Olorunyomi, Dapo (eds.). "Was Power Initially Handed Over To or Taken Over By the Military?, By Eric Teniola - Premium Times Opinion". Premium Times (in Turanci). Abuja, Nigeria: Premium Times Services Limited. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Bolashodun, Oluwatobi (15 January 2016). Akinrujomu, Akinyemi; Ebhomele, Eromosele; Ishaq, Mudathir (eds.). "50 Years After: 8 Facts To Know About The January 15, 1966, Coup D'état". Legit.ng (in Turanci). Lagos, Nigeria: Naij.com Media Limited Read. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
  6. ↑ Obasi, Emeka (2018-08-18). Anaba, Aze (ed.). "Why Zik escaped death in 1966". Vanguard (in Turanci). Lagos, Nigeria: Vanguard Media Limited. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  7. ↑ Nzeogwu, Patrick Chukwuma Kaduna; et al. (Compiled and annotated by Nowa Omoigui). Dawodu, Segun Toyin (ed.). "Nzeogwu's Declaration of Martial Law - January 15, 1966". Dawodu.com. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America. Archived from the original on 21 April 2002. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  8. ↑ Nzeogwu, Chukwuma Kaduna. Anaba, Aze (ed.). "Radio broadcast by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu – announcing Nigeria's first Military coup on Radio Nigeria, Kaduna on January 15, 1966". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria: Vanguard Media Limited. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  9. ↑ Abubakar Ibrahim (29 July 2008). Rose, Esther; Aziken, Emmanuel; Ba, Amadou Mahtar (eds.). "Nigeria: The Forgotten Interim President". AllAfrica. Lagos, Nigeria: AllAfrica Global Media. Retrieved 2010-02-28 – via Daily Trust.
  10. ↑ Ademoyega, Adewale (1 January 1981). Why We Struck: The Story of the First Nigerian Coup. Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria: Evans Brothers. ISBN 9789781671678.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Teniola, Eric (11 January 2016). Anaba, Aze (ed.). "Hand over or took over power". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria: Vanguard Media Limited. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  12. ↑ Olubode, Sesan (16 July 2016). Osinubi, Ademola; Aboderin, Wale (eds.). "The first 1966 coup: Though painful, I'm happy I witnessed the killing of my parents-– Ademulegun-Agbi". The Punch. PUNCH (Nigeria) Limited. Archived from the original on 17 July 2016. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Iloegbunam, Chuks (29 July 2016). Anaba, Aze (ed.). "July 29,1966 counter-coup: Africa's bloodiest coup d'état". Vanguard. Lagos, Nigeria: Vanguard Media Limited. Retrieved 29 July 2021.

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