A lokacin daukan Azumin watan Ramadan, an wajabtawa musulmai, (Larabci صوم رمضان, sawm ; Farisanci : روزہ, rozeh ), a kowace rana daga fitowar alfijir zuwa faduwar rana (ko daga asuba zuwa dare a cewar wasu malamai). Azumi yana bukatar kamewa daga abinci da abin sha da kuma kusantar iyali. Azumin watan Ramadān an wajabta shi ne (wājib) a cikin watan Sha'aban, a cikin shekara ta biyu bayan da musulmai sun yi hijira daga Makka zuwa Madīnah. Azumin watan Ramadana daya ne daga cikin manya-manyan Rukunnan Musulunci guda biyar.[1].

Azumi A Lokacin Ramadan
Azumi
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na Azumi a Musulunci
Mabiyi Hilal Ramadan (en) Fassara da Niyyah (en) Fassara
Ta biyo baya Hilal Shawwal (en) Fassara, Sallar Idi Karama da Fasting six days of Shawwal month (en) Fassara
Gagarumin taron Lailatul ƙadari
Has characteristic (en) Fassara Farilla
Uses (en) Fassara miswak (en) Fassara da gargling (en) Fassara

Alkur'ani gyara sashe

An ambaci azumin watan Ramadhan a cikin ayoyin Alkur'ani guda uku a jere Kamar haka :

Yã ku wadanda suka yi !imani! An wajabta azumi a kanku kamar yadda aka wajabta shi a kan wadanda suka gabaceku, tsammaninku (ku koyi) kamun kai.

—Surah Baqarah 2: 183

(Azumi) na adadin kwanaki; To, wanda ya kasance daga gare ku majinyaci, ko kuwa a kan tafiya, sai (adadin ya biya) daga kwanuka masu zuwa. Ga waɗanda suke iyawa (da wahala), fansa ce, ciyar da miskin. To, wanda ya yi kyauta, to, shi ne mafi alheri a gare shi. Kuma ku yi azumi (da alheri) a gare ku, idan kun kasance kuna sani.

- Suratu Baqarah 2: 184

.

Abinda aka Haramta a lokacin Ramadan gyara sashe

 
Bude Baki a Babban Masallacin Taipei a Taiwan

Ba a yarda da ci, da sha, da jima'i ba tsakanin alfijir ( Sallan Alfijiri ), da faɗuwar rana ( maghrib ). Ana ɗaukar azumi a matsayin ibada ta kashin kai wacce musulmai ke neman samun kusancin Allah.

A lokacin Ramadan, ana sa ran Musulmai su kara himma wajen bin koyarwar Musulunci ta hanyar kauracewa tashin hankali, fushi, hassada, haɗama, muguwar sha'awa, zafin rai / gulma, kuma ana nufin su yi ƙoƙarin zama da junansu fiye da na al'ada. Duk abubuwan batsa da na rashin addini dole ne a guje su saboda tsarkin tunani da aiki suna da mahimmanci.

Ko da yake azumi a watan Ramadan ne yake zama fard (wajibi), aka ware ake yi ga mutane musamman masu hali.   Azumin watan Ramadān ba farilla bane ga wasu mutane da yawa waɗanda zai iya zama matsala mai yawa a gare su, daga cikinsu akwai mutanen da ke fama da rashin lafiya da tsofaffi.

Ba wajibi bane ga yara waɗanda basu balaga ba yin azumi, duk da cewa wasu sun zaɓi yin hakan, saidai an so su rinka jarabawa, kuma wasu ƙananan yara suna yin azumi na rabin yini don horar da kansu. Idan balaga ta yi jinkiri, azumi ya wajaba akan maza da mata bayan wani shekaru. Ciwon sukari da jinya ko mata masu ciki galibi ba a tsammanin su yi azumi. Kamar yadda yazo a wani hadisi, yin azumin Ramadana haramun ne ga mata masu haila.

Sauran mutanen da galibi ana ganin karɓaɓɓu ne ga waɗanda suke cikin yaƙi, da matafiya waɗanda ko dai suka yi niyyar ɗaukar ƙasa da kwanaki biyar daga gida ko kuma yin tafiyar sama da mil 50. Idan halin da ake ciki na hana Azumi na wani lokaci ne, ana bukatar mutum ya rama kwanakin da aka rasa bayan watan Ramadana ya wuce kuma kafin Ramadan mai zuwa ya zo. Idan halin ya kasance na dindindin ne ko na tsawan lokaci, ana iya samun sakamako ta hanyar ciyar da wani mabukaci domin kowace rana da aka rasa.

Idan mutum bai dace da kowane nau'i na kebewa ba kuma ya karya azumin saboda mantuwa, azumin har yanzu yana nan. Buya azumin da gangan yana tozarta shi, kuma dole ne mutum ya rama duk ranar daga baya.

A yayin barkewar cutar shan-inna a shekarar ta 2013 a Somalia, an ba wa wasu kungiyoyin ma'aikatan agaji kebewar rigakafin cutar shan inna ta baki .

Sauran kebewa sun haɗa da:

  • Tsoho wanda baya iya azumi. Ya kamata su ba da gudummawar adadin abincin mutum na al'ada don kowace rana da aka rasa idan suna da ikon yin hakan.
  • Tsanani mai tsanani; dole ne a rama kwanakin da suka bata don rashin lafiya bayan samun sauki.
  • Wadanda suke da tabin hankali. [2] .

Buda Bakin Azumi gyara sashe

 
Musulmai a al'adance suna buda bakin azuminsu a cikin Ramadan tare da dabino KO ruwa (kamar wadanda wannan mai sayar da kwanan wata ya bayar a garin Kuwaiti ), kamar yadda aka yi rikodi ( Sunnar ) Muhammad .

Masallatai da yawa za su bayar da buda baki (a zahiri: karin kumallo) bayan faduwar rana don al'umma su zo su kawo karshen azuminsu gaba daya. Hakanan abu ne na yau da kullun ga irin wannan abinci a wuraren dafa abinci na miya na musulmai.Azumi ya baci tare da kwanan wata (idan zai yiwu) bisa al'adar Muhammadu, ko kuma da ruwa.

Addu'ar Buda Bakin Azumi gyara sashe

Addu'ar buda baki zahabaz zama'u wabtallatil uruq wa sabbatal ajru insha Allah. [3] ma'anar addu'ar buda baki shi ne: kishirwa ta tafi jijiyoyi sun yi danshi lada ya tabbata da izini Allah.

Illoli masu cutarwa gyara sashe

Sashen ilimi na Berlin da Ingila sun yi kokarin hana dalibai yin azumin watan Ramadana, saboda suna ikirarin cewa rashin ci ko sha na iya haifar da matsalar maida hankali da kuma maki mara kyau. Hakanan an danganta azumin Ramadana da asarar aikin yi da kashi 35 zuwa 50%. Da yawa daga cikin fa'idodin kiwon lafiya da ake dangantawa da Azumin Ramadana kawai suna la'akari da ƙauracewa abinci yayin yin watsi da ƙarancin shan ruwa wanda zai iya haifar da cutarwa ko da a cikin lafiyayyun mutane. A cikin al'adu da yawa, ana danganta shi da abinci mai nauyi da shan ruwa a lokacin Suhur da lokutan buda baki, wanda hakan na iya yin lahani fiye da kyau. Azumin Ramadan lafiyayye ne ga masu lafiya in har da cewa yawan abinci da shan ruwa ya wadatar amma waɗanda ke da yanayin rashin lafiya ya kamata su nemi shawarar likita idan sun haɗu da matsalolin lafiya kafin ko lokacin azumi. Lokacin azumi yawanci ana haɗuwa da ƙananan nauyi, amma nauyi na iya dawowa daga baya.

Binciken wallafe-wallafen da ƙungiyar Iran ta ba da shawarar yin azumi a lokacin Ramadan na iya haifar da rauni na koda ga marasa lafiya masu matsakaici (GFR < 60ml / min) ko cutar koda mai tsanani amma ba cutarwa ba ne ga marasa lafiyar dashen koda da aiki mai kyau ko mafi yawan marasa lafiya masu yin dutse . Har ila yau, an nuna cewa, Ramadan azumi na iya kara hadarin for salivary gland shine yake kumburi . Azumin Ramadana na iya zama da hadari ga mata masu juna biyu saboda yana da alaƙa da haɗarin haifar da nakuda da haifar da ciwon suga na ciki, kodayake bai bayyana yana shafar nauyin yaron ba. Ya halatta kada a yi azumi idan hakan yana barazana ga rayuwar mace ko na yaro, duk da haka, a wasu lokuta mata masu juna biyu na iya zama al'ada kafin ci gaban rikice-rikice. [4].

Hukunce-hukunce ga mai azumi gyara sashe

A lugga, kalmar azumi a harshen larabci na nufin 'kamewa' (imsak) mara iyaka daga kowane aiki ko magana a kowane lokaci. Dangane da Tsarkakakken Doka, azumi aiki ne na:

  1. kauracewa shiga komai a cikin ramin jiki.
  2. kauracewa shiga harkar jima'i;
  3. kauracewa ayyukan lalata kamar su gulma;
  4. daga lokacin da rana ta fara fitowa zuwa lokacin da rana ta fadi;
  5. tare da niyyar azumi;
  6. daga mutanen da aka halatta musu yin azumi.

'Kamewa daga yin jima'i' ya hada da ainihin yin jima'i da inzali sakamakon lalacewar gaba. 'Barin shiga komai a cikin ramin jiki' yana nufin ayyukan shigar da abinci, abin sha, ko magani a cikin rami na jiki, ba tare da la'akari da cewa wannan abu ne na yau da kullun wanda zai shiga cikin ramin jiki ba ko a'a. Shiga kowane ɗayan waɗannan abubuwa a cikin ramin jiki yana nufin abin ya shiga cikin maƙogwaro, hanji, ciki, ko ƙwaƙwalwa ta hanyar hanci, maƙogwaro, ɓangrorin sirri, ko kuma raunuka masu buɗewa. 'Ko da gangan ko kuma bisa kuskure' ya cire ayyukan ci da sha, ko yin jima'i. 'Daga lokacin da rana ta fara fitowa zuwa lokacin da rana ta fadi' tana nufin shigar gaskiya na lokacin Fajr zuwa shigar da lokacin Maghrib.'Tare da niyyar azumi' yana nufin cewa dole ne mutum ya yi niyyar yin azumi domin ya bambanta idan da gaske yana yin wata ibada ko a'a yayin da mutum ya kauracewa ci, sha, ko yin jima'i.Misali,idan kawai za a nisanta daga abinci,ko abin sha, ko saduwa ba da niyyar yin azumi ba, to wannan azumin ba shi da inganci kuma ba ya kidaya. 'Daga mutanen da aka halatta musu yin azumi' na nufin cewa dole ne mutum ya sami 'yanci daga halin da zai hana ingancin azumin mutum, kamar haila ko biki (jinin haihuwa bayan haihuwa).[Shurunbulali, Maraqi al-Falah; Ala al-Din Abidin, al-Hadiyya al-Alaiyya; Shurunbulali Imdad al-Fattah]. Baya ga yin jima'i ko dai tare da mata ko kuma kowane mutum, an kuma hana al'aura yayin azumi. Wannan aikin zai karya azumi,kuma mutumin da ya aikata wannan zai tuba ga Allah kuma ya kamata ya rufe wannan azumin a wani lokaci na gaba.

Bambancin Mazhaba gyara sashe

Akasari, Sunni da Shi'a suna yin Ramadan dai-dai, amma akwai wasu bambance-bambance. Na daya, 'yan Sunni suna buda baki lokacin faduwar rana, da zarar rana bata sake gani ba, amma har yanzu da sauran haske a sama. Koyaya, ga yan Shia suna jira don karya bayan dare ya yi duhu. Musulmin Shi'a kuma suna yin wani biki wanda Ahlus-Sunnah ba sa yi. Suna yin biki na kwana uku (a ranakun 19, 20, da 21) don tunawa da Ali, surukin Manzon Allah Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W) wanda 'yan tawaye suka yarda dashi.

Sufi Musulmai suna da wasu bambance-bambance game da yadda suke azumtar watan Ramadan da abin da yake nufi a gare su. Suna bin qa'idodi iri daya yayin gudanar da azumi, amma suna karanta karin addu'o'i a tsakar dare. Aikin da suke yi ana kiransa Dhikr, inda suke rera sunan Allah sau 99. Ana yin hakan ne saboda suna son nuna kaunarsu ga Allah da neman alakar mutum da Allah, akasin tsoron fushin Allah.

Idi babba gyara sashe

A Addini hutu na Eid al-Fitr ( Larabci: عيد الفطر‎ ) yana nuna karshen azumin Addinin Musulunci na watan Ramadan.

Manazarta gyara sashe

 

  1. Bukhari, "8", Sahih al-Bukhari, From Abdullah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and give him peace) say: 'The religion of Islam is based upon five (pillars): testifying that there is no deity except God and Muhammad is the Messenger of God; establishing the prayer; giving zakat; making pilgrimage; and fasting (the month) of Ramadan.'"
  2. "Official Ramadan 2014 website". Ramadan.co.uk. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  3. "Kwafin ajiya". Archived from the original on 2020-06-10. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
  4. Islamic Studies Maldives

Hanyoyin haɗin waje gyara sashe