Ansaru
Vanguard for the Protection of Muslim in Black Africa ( Larabci: جماعة أنصار المسلمين في بلاد السودان Jamāʿatu Anṣāril Muslimīna fī Bilādis Sūdān ), [1] wanda aka fi sani da Ansaru kuma wanda ba a fi sani da al-Qaeda in the Lands Beyond the Sahel, [2] kungiya ce ta mayakan jihadi mai tsatsauran ra'ayin Islama da ke da hedkwata a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya . Ya samo asali ne a matsayin wani bangare na Boko Haram amma ya samu 'yancin kai a hukumance a shekarar 2012. Duk da haka, kungiyar Ansaru da sauran bangarorin Boko Haram sun ci gaba da yin aiki kafada-da-kafada, har sai da na baya-bayan nan ya kara ja baya tare da dakatar da ayyukan tada kayar baya a shekarar 2015. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Ansaru galibi a kwance yake duk da cewa 'yan kungiyar na ci gaba da yada farfagandar manufarsu.
 Ansaru | |
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| Iri | ƙungiyar ta'addanci |
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Akida
gyara sasheSabanin Boko Haram da akidarsu ta fi mayar da hankali kan Najeriya, Ansaru ya fi karkata ga kasashen duniya. Imaninsa yana da kusanci da na al-Qaeda . Bugu da kari, kungiyar ta sha alwashin dawo da " martabar musulmi a bakar fatar Afrika" ta hanyar farfado da Khalifancin Sokoto . [6] [1] Kungiyar ta kuma yi Allah-wadai da kisan gilla da Boko Haram ke yi wa fararen hula, [1] inda kwamandan Ansaru Khalid Barnawi ya yi ikirarin cewa mabiyansa ba za su kashe wadanda ba musulmi ba ko jami'an tsaro da ba su ji ba ba su gani ba, sai dai " kare kansu " sannan kuma kungiyar za ta kare lamarin. muradun Musulunci da Musulmi ba a Najeriya kadai ba, har ma da daukacin Afirka baki daya. [3]
Taken Ansaru shine " Jihad Fi Sabilillah ", ma'ana "gwagwarmayar tafarkin Allah". [4]
A ranar 2 ga Janairun 2022, jaridar Long War Journal ta FDD ta ruwaito cewa Ansaru ta sake jaddada mubaya'arta ga al-Qaeda. [5]
Tarihi
gyara sasheGidauniya
gyara sasheBa a dai san ainihin asalin Ansaru ba, amma an san cewa kungiyar ta fito a matsayin wani bangare na kungiyar Boko Haram, mai tsatsauran ra'ayin Islama da ta kaddamar da bore kan gwamnatin Najeriya a shekarar 2009. Tawayen farko ya ci tura, inda wasu sassan kungiyar suka gudu zuwa Aljeriya da Somalia, inda suka samu mafaka a tsakanin kungiyoyin da ke da alaka da al-Qaeda kamar AQIM da al-Shabaab . Khalid Barnawi ( nom de guerre : "Abu Usamatal Ansari") da Abubakar Adam Kambar ("Abu Yasir"), wasu makusantan wanda ya kafa Boko Haram Mohammed Yusuf, ya jagorance su, wadannan 'yan gudun hijirar sun zama sanannun da "Sahara Men", ko "Yan Sahara". " in Hausa . Sun kulla alaka ta kut-da-kut da kungiyoyin al-Qaeda tare da horar da su tare da daukar akidu da dabarunsu. [1] A sakamakon wadannan abubuwan da suka faru, “Sahara Maza” sun fi na kungiyar Boko Haram da suka saura a Najeriya, kuma daga karshe suka yi suka kan hanyar tayar da kayar baya. [1]
Bayan sun koma Najeriya, Khalid Barnawi da Abubakar Adam Kambar, sun samu sabani da sauran kwamandojin Boko Haram, kan kisan gilla da ake yi wa fararen hula, inda suka bukaci a kara kaimi wajen yaki da ‘yan ta’addan kasashen Yamma da kuma manyan hare-hare. [1] A sakamakon wannan rashin jituwa, Ansaru ya balle daga kungiyar Boko Haram a watan Janairun 2012. [1] Khalid Barnawi ya yi tir da abin da Boko Haram ke aikatawa a matsayin rashin mutuntaka ga al'ummar musulmi. [2] Ansaru ya zama reshen al-Qaeda na gaskiya a Najeriya, [1] har ma a wasu lokuta yana kiran kansa "al-Qaeda in theasas Beyond Sahel". [2] Ansaru ya zabi Abubakar Adam Kambar a matsayin kwamanda na farko, amma an kashe shi a watan Agustan 2012, inda Khalid Barnawi ya zama shugaban kungiyar. [1]
Ayyuka
gyara sasheSabanin Boko Haram da ke da sansani a jihar Borno da ke arewa maso gabashin Najeriya, kungiyar Ansaru ta gudanar da ayyukanta a jihar Kano da kewaye a arewa ta tsakiyar Najeriya, cibiyar al'ummar Hausa-Fulani . [6] Ta hada kai da kungiyar al-Qaeda a yankin Magrib na arewacin Mali da kungiyar hadin kai da jihadi a yammacin Afirka, [21] kuma ana zarginta da tura wasu mayakanta zuwa Mali, inda suka yi yaki. a rikicin Arewacin Mali . [11] Watakila an kori Ansaru daga Mali a yayin gudanar da aikin hidima .
A duk tsawon ayyukanta na tada kayar baya a Najeriya, Ansaru na hada kai da kungiyar Boko Haram duk da kasancewar ta kishiyarta. Wannan ya kasance mafi yawa saboda larura, saboda ƙungiyoyin biyu ba za su iya yin kasadar raunana kansu ta hanyar faɗa da juna ba.
Hare-haren da Ansaru ya dauki alhakin kai sun hada da fasa gidan yari a hedkwatar rundunar yaki da fashi da makami da ke Abuja a watan Nuwambar 2012, a watan Janairun 2013 kan ayarin motocin sojojin Najeriya a kan hanyarsu ta shiga rikicin Arewacin Mali [24] da kuma harin 23 ga Mayu 2013 a kan ma'adinin uranium mallakar Faransa a Nijar tare da haɗin gwiwar Mokhtar Belmokhtar . [7]
Kungiyar ta kuma yi garkuwa da mutane da dama a Najeriya, ciki har da sace wani dan Birtaniya da dan Italiya daga jihar Kebbi a watan Mayun 2011, da sace wani injiniya dan kasar Faransa Francis Collomp, [8] da aka yi a jihar Katsina a watan Disamba na shekarar 2012 da kuma garkuwa da mutane a watan Fabrairun 2013. na baki bakwai ('yan Lebanon hudu, dan Birtaniya, dan Italiya da Girka) daga wani wurin gini a jihar Bauchi . Collomp ya tsere a watan Nuwamba 2013. [9] Ansaru ya kashe mutanen da aka yi garkuwa da su a watan Mayun 2011 da Fabrairun 2013, biyo bayan yunkurin kubutar da gwamnatin Birtaniya da Najeriya suka yi.
Karya
gyara sasheAn ruwaito da dama daga cikin kwamandojin Ansaru suna komawa Boko Haram a shekarar 2013. [7] A shekarar 2015 Ansaru ya gudanar da taro inda ya tattauna kan ko yana son shiga ISIL kamar yadda Boko Haram ta yi. Ta yanke shawarar ci gaba da zaman kanta, inda da yawa daga cikin mambobinta suka koma Boko Haram. Bayan wannan waki’ar, Ansaru ya kwanta dama ya daina kai hare-hare a Najeriya. Jami’an tsaron Najeriya sun kama Khalid al-Barnawi, shugaban kungiyar Ansaru a Lokoja a watan Afrilun 2016. [10]
Duk da cewa an daina gudanar da ayyukanta a wannan lokaci, Ansaru ya ci gaba da samun damar shiga yanar gizo a karshen shekarar 2017, lamarin da ke nuni da cewa mambobin kungiyar da dama sun kasance a boye, watakila suna jiran wata dama ta farfado da kungiyar.
Tadawa
gyara sashe
Daga nan kuma, a wani samame na farko da kungiyar Ansaru ta dauki alhakin kaiwa tun shekarar 2013, kungiyar Ansaru ta sanar ta kafar yada labarai ta Al-Qa’ida ta Al-Hijrah cewa ita ce ta kai harin ranar 14 ga watan Janairun 2020 kan ayarin motocin Sarkin Potiskum da ke kan hanyar Kaduna zuwa Zariya inda mutane 30 suka kai hari., ciki har da sojojin Najeriya shida, an kashe.
Sanya sunan kungiyar ta'addanci
gyara sasheAn sanya Ansaru a matsayin haramtacciyar kungiyar ta'addanci ta Iraki, [11] Amurka, [12] New Zealand [13] da Ingila . [24]
Duba kuma
gyara sasheManazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 ICG 2014.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Magnus Taylor (24 October 2013). "Expert interview: Jacob Zenn – On terrorism and insurgency in Northern Nigeria". African Arguments. Archived from the original on 19 March 2015. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
- ↑ "ABU USMATUL AL-ANSARI ANNOUNCES BOKO HARAM BREAKAWAY FACTION". Jamestown Foundation. 30 June 2012. Archived from the original on 31 May 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ↑ "Boko Haram : Splinter group, Ansaru emerges". Vanguard Newspaper. 1 February 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
- ↑ "Ansaru reaffirms its allegiance to al Qaeda | FDD's Long War Journal". www.longwarjournal.org (in Turanci). 2022-01-02. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 2022-01-02.
- ↑ "Boko Haram: Reversals and Retrenchment". Combating Terrorism Center. 29 April 2013. Archived from the original on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Nigerian al-Qaedaism". Hudson Institute. 27 January 2014. Archived from the original on 24 February 2014. Retrieved 24 February 2014.
- ↑ e-TF1. "TF1 video". Lci.tf1.fr. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 2014-06-04.
- ↑ "Frenchman escaped 11 months captivity in Nigeria". Yahoo News. 17 November 2013. Archived from the original on 9 February 2015. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
- ↑ "Secret trials of thousands of Boko Haram suspects to start in Nigeria". The Guardian. 9 October 2017. Archived from the original on 16 July 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- ↑ al-Taie, Khalid. "Iraqi government freezes assets of 93 terrorism supporting entities". Diyaruna. Archived from the original on 14 May 2022. Retrieved Feb 24, 2021.
- ↑ "Nigeria's Boko Haram Remains Persistent, Mysterious Threat". Voice of America. 14 November 2013. Archived from the original on 19 July 2018. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
- ↑ "Lists associated with Resolution 1373". New Zealand Police. 20 July 2014. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
Littafi Mai Tsarki
gyara sashe- "Curbing Violence in Nigeria (II): The Boko Haram Insurgency" (PDF). Africa Report. Brussels: International Crisis Group (216). 3 April 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 January 2016.
Kara karantawa
gyara sashe- Onuoha, Freedon. "Jama'atu Ansarul Musilimina Fi Biladis Sudan: Nigeria's Evolving Militant Group" (PDF). Al Jazeera. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 June 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2013.