Al'adun Nijar
Al'adun Nijar na da banbance-banbance, sai dai na madaidaicin hanyar al'adu da turawan mulkin mallaka na kasar Faransa suka kafa a matsayin dunkulalliyar kasa tun farkon karni na 20. Abin da ake kira Nijar a yanzu an halicce ta ne daga yankunan al'adu guda hudu a zamanin kafin mulkin mallaka: Djerma ta mamaye kwarin Neja a kudu maso yamma; yankin arewacin kasar Hausa, wanda ya kasance galibi daga cikin jihohin da suka bijire wa Daular Sakkwato, kuma sun ratsa kan iyakar kudu da Najeriya ; Basin Tafkin Chadi da Kaouar da ke gabas mai nisa, inda manoman Kanuri da makiyayan Toubou ke da yawa wadanda suka taba zama wani bangare na Daular Kanem-Bornu ; da kuma makiyayan Abzinawa na tsaunin Aïr da hamadar sahara a cikin sararin arewa. Kowace daga cikin waɗannan al'ummomi, tare da ƙananan kabilu kamar makiyaya Wodaabe Fula, sun kawo al'adun su zuwa sabuwar kasar ta Nijar.[ana buƙatar hujja]
 Al'adun Nijar | |
|---|---|
culture of an area (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
culture of the Earth (en) |
| Facet of (en) | Nijar |
| Ƙasa | Nijar |
A cikin addini, Musulunci, wanda ya yadu daga Arewacin Afirka tun daga karni na 10, ya yi tasiri sosai ga al'ummar Nijar. Tun lokacin da aka sami 'yancin kai, babban abin sha'awa ya kasance a cikin al'adun ƙasar, musamman game da gine-ginen gargajiya, sana'ar hannu, raye-raye da kade-kade.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Wakokin Nijar sun hada da kidan gitar Abzinawa na Agadez kamar yadda rukunin Inerane, Group Bombino da sauransu suka yi.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Al'adun kasa gyara sashe
Yayin da gwamnatocin da suka biyo baya-bayan kammala karatun digirin-digirgir (BA) suka yi kokarin samar da al’adun gargajiya na kasa baki daya, hakan ya kasance a sannu a hankali, a wani bangare saboda manyan al’ummomin Nijar suna da tarihin al’adunsu, wani bangare kuma saboda kabilun Najeriya irinsu Hausawa, Abzinawa da Kanuri ne. amma wani bangare na manyan kabilun da ke ketare iyakokin da aka gabatar a karkashin mulkin mallaka. Har zuwa 1990s, Niamey da mutanen Djerma na yankin sun mamaye gwamnati da siyasa. Faransawa sun tallata sarautar Djerma a ƙarƙashin mulkinsu. Bayan sun fara sanya babban birninsu a ƙasar Hausa kafin mulkin mallaka a Zinder, Faransawa sun ƙaura zuwa wani ƙaramin ƙauye a Yamai, a wani ɓangare saboda tsoron ikon Hausawa ko tsarin mulkin mallaka na Birtaniyya a kudancin kasar Nijar. Wannan gwamnati ta mayar da hankali kan kudu maso yamma bayan samun 'yancin kai, kuma tare da wakilcin siyasa ya koma ga ƴan tsirarun ƴan gargajiya da masu ilimi. [1] Duk da haka, makiyayan Abzinawa da Toubou ne kawai a arewa da gabas da ba su da yawa suka haifar da yunƙurin neman yancin kai, wanda ya kai ga tawaye a 1963, 1990s, da shekarar 2007 . Musulunci, wanda kusan daukacin al'ummar kasar ke aiwatar da shi ya samar da muhimmiyar alaka tsakanin al'ummar kasar Nijar, kamar yadda tarihi ya nuna, tarihin bayan samun 'yancin kai, alamomin kasa, da bukukuwa.
Fasaha gyara sashe
Biki gyara sashe
Addini gyara sashe
Musulunci shi ne addini mafi rinjaye a Nijar, kuma fiye da kashi 99% na al'ummar kasar ne ke yin su. [2] Kusan kashi 95% na Musulmai Ahlus Sunna ne; 5% ' yan Shi'a ne. [2] Akwai ƙananan Kiristoci, Bahá'í, da al'ummomin Animist, na farko mafi yawan ragowar tasirin Faransanci. Imaninsu sun haɗa da bukukuwa da al'adu (kamar al'adun Bori ), waɗanda wasu al'ummomin Musulmi masu haɗin kai ke aiwatarwa, sabanin ƙananan al'ummomi da yawa waɗanda ke kiyaye addininsu kafin zuwan Musulunci. Waɗannan sun haɗa da al'ummar Maouri/ Azna masu magana da Hausa a Dogondoutci a kudu maso kudu maso yamma, da Kanuri mai magana da Manga kusa da Zinder, sannan da kuma wasu ƙananan ƙauyukan Boudouma da Songhay a kudu maso yamma. [3]
Harsuna gyara sashe
Yayin da Faransanci ya kasance harshen al'adun gargajiyar da aka zaba tun bayan samun 'yancin kai, akwai wasu harsuna takwas na hukuma da ake magana da su a Nijar, wadanda suka hada da Hausa, Zarma / Songhai, Tamajeq, Fulfulde, Kanuri, Larabci, Gurmantche, da Toubou . Harshen Hausa, sannan kuma wanda kusan rabin yawan jama'a ke magana, sun zo ga kishiyantar Faransanci kamar yadda aka fi amfani da su a cikin al'ummomi.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Adabi gyara sashe
Abinci gyara sashe
Wasanni gyara sashe
Yayin da wasanni na gargajiya kamar tseren doki, tseren raƙumi, da kokawa da sorro suka tsira, wasannin duniya kamar ƙwallon ƙafa sun mamaye yankunan birane. A gasar Olympics ta lokacin zafi a shekarar 1972, dan dambe Issake Dabore ya samu lambar tagulla, kuma Nijar ta tura 'yan wasa zuwa dukkan wasannin Olympics na lokacin rani da aka gudanar tun 1964, in ban da 1976 da 1980.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Duba wasu abubuwana gyara sashe
- Alkaluman Nijar
- Kafofin yada labarai na Nijar
- Hijira na zamani a Nijar
Manazarta gyara sashe
- ↑ See Finn Fuglestad. A History of Niger: 1850-1954. Fuglestad argues that continuity was more important than change in the colonial period, and that Niger was never effectively governed by the French. When independence came, Fluglestad says this came from the pressure of outside forces (other colonies, world events) not the pressure of a modern political class, which in the 1950s simply did not exist in Niger.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 International Religious Freedom Report 2007: Niger. United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (September 14, 2007). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ Samuel Decalo (1979) pp. 156-7, 193-4.
- James Decalo. Kamus na Tarihi na Nijar. Scarecrow Press/Metuchen. NJ - London (1979)
- Finn Fuglestad. Tarihin Nijar: 1850-1960. Jami'ar Jami'ar Cambridge (1983)