Wikipedia

Jami'a

Jami'a babbar cibiyar ilmantarwa ce. Kalmar jami'a ta fito ne daga Latin universitas magistrorum et scholarium, wanda ke nufin "ƙungiyar malamai da malamai". Ɗalibai na iya zuwa jami'a don samun ilimin digiri. Saɓanin karatun da suka yi a baya, kwasa-kwasan a jami'a kwararru ne. Mutumin da ke karatun nazarin halittu a jami'a yana da kwasa-kwasai da yawa game da ilimin halitta da ƙananan kwasa-kwasan a wasu fannoni kamar yare ko tarihi. Don samun digiri mafi girma, dole ne mutane suyi ɗan bincike.

Wikidata.svgjami'a
Raffael 058.jpg
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na higher education institution (en) Fassara da cibiya ta koyarwa
Filin aiki higher education (en) Fassara
Mabiyi secondary school (en) Fassara
Has quality (en) Fassara Q108401094 Fassara
Uses (en) Fassara university building (en) Fassara
Tarihin maudu'i university history (en) Fassara
Model item (en) Fassara Jami'ar Oxford, University of Bologna (en) Fassara, Jami'ar al-Karaouine, University of Mumbai (en) Fassara da Keio University (en) Fassara
Wata lacca a Jami'ar West London.

Ba duk darussan ake bayarwa a jami'o'i ba. Galibi, jami'o'i suna ba da kwasa-kwasan da suka shafi ilimin. Galibi ba sa ba da kwasa-kwasan sana'a. A wasu lokuta kamar doka, inda akwai ilimin maganganu na yau da kullun, jami'a tana yin akasarin ƙa'idojin batun. Cancantar a aikace wasu wurare ne.

TarihiGyara

 
Tsoffin gine-gine na Jami'ar Bologna, waɗanda aka kafa a 1088

Jami'o'in an kirkire su ne a Turai a lokaci tsararru. Cibiyar farko ta wannan nau'in ita ce Jami'ar Bologna, wacce daga baya ta zama abin koyi ga sauran cibiyoyin ilimi.

Da farko, jami'o'in sun ƙirƙiro kansu ne bisa ƙirar ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru kuma kamar kusan duk abin da ke Tsakiyar Zamani, sun kasance suna ɗaure da Chocin Katolika. A farkon, sun yi aiki don koyar da abin da ake kira " zane-zane bakwai masu sassaucin ra'ayi " ( trivium da quadrivium ):

  • Trivium : nahawu, dabaru da lafazi.
  • Quadrivium : ilimin lissafi da lissafi, ilmin taurari dakiɗa.

Wannan farkon rarrabuwa ya haifar da rarrabuwa tsakanin fagen adabi da kimiyya. Daga ra'ayi guda, mafi tsufa jami'a a duniya ita ce jami'ar Qarawiyyin. Koyaya, koyar da addini ba shine ma'anar da yawancin mutane ke amfani da ita ba. Dole ne jami'a ta koyar da kowane fanni.

Ana kallon jami'a a matsayin ɗabi'a mai ƙa'ida wacce ta samo asali daga al'adar Kiristanci na zamanin da. [1] Turai mafi girma ilimi ya faru ga daruruwan shekaru a babban coci makarantu ko zuhudu makarantu (scholae monasticae). A can, sufaye da mata masu zuhudu suka koyar da darasi: shaidar waɗannan kwanakin sun koma karni na 6.

Jami'o'in Paris da Oxford membobin cocin ne suka kafa su. [2] Daga baya sarakuna suka kafa jami'o'in.

A farkon zamanin da, yawancin sabbin jami'oi an kafa su ne daga makarantun da suka kasance, yawanci idan waɗannan makarantu suka zama manyan wuraren manyan makarantu. [3] Paparoma Gregory VII ya inganta manufar jami'ar zamani a matsayin Dokar Papal 1079. Ya ba da umarnin a kafa makarantu na babban coci, wadanda daga karshe suka rikide zuwa jami'o'in Turai na farko. [4]

ƘungiyaGyara

Jami'a na iya haɗawa da cibiyoyi da yawa ko wurare daban-daban inda furofesoshi ke koyarwa. A cikin kowane harabar akwai fannoni da yawa da makarantun jami'a (galibi don koyarwa), da kuma ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje, sassan da cibiyoyin bincike. Yawancin makarantu suna da gidaje don ɗalibai a cikin gine-ginen da ake kira ɗakuna da tsari kamar ɗakunan karatu, ɗakunan karatu da wuraren motsa jiki don ɗaliban da ke zaune a ciki. Kowace makaranta tana ba da kwasa-kwasai da yawa waɗanda ɗalibai ke ɗauka don samun digiri. Mutumin da ke da babban iko na iko da ba da umarni a cikin jami'a shine shugaban jami'a, wanda ke jagorantar jami'ar tare da taimakon jam'iyyar mataimakin rektoci da na sauran gabobi kamar majalisar zamantakewar al'umma da hukumar mulki.

Sanannun jami'o'iGyara

Masarautar IngilaGyara

 
Bikin kammala karatu a Jami'ar Oxford .
  • Jami'ar Aberdeen
  • Jami'ar Aston
  • Jami'ar Birmingham
  • Jami'ar Bristol
  • Jami'ar Queens, Belfast
  • Jami'ar Cambridge
  • Jami'ar Coventry
  • Jami'ar Dundee
  • Jami'ar Durham
  • Jami'ar Edinburgh
  • Jami'ar Exeter
  • Jami'ar Glasgow
  • Jami'ar Leeds
  • Jami'ar London
  • Kwalejin Sarki ta London
  • Jami'ar Jami'ar London
  • Jami'ar Manchester
  • Jami'ar Bude
  • Jami'ar Oxford
  • Jami'ar St Andrews
  • Jami'ar Wales

sinGyara

  • Jami'ar Peking
  • Jami'ar Tsinghua
  • Jami'ar Hong Kong

JamusGyara

  • Jami'ar Berlin ta kyauta
  • Jami'ar Goethe Frankfurt
  • Jami'ar Tübingen

MalesiyaGyara

  • Jami'ar Malaya
  • Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman

MezikoGyara

  • UNAM, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México . Babban jami'a mafi mahimmanci a Mexico da Latin Amurka
  • UdG, Jami'ar Guadalajara . Ita ce jami'a ta biyu mafi tsufa a cikin Meziko, ana ɗaukarta ɗayan manyan jami'o'i a Mexico.
  • IPN, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
  • ITESM, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey
  • ITAM, Instituto Tecnoloógico Autónomo de México

SwedenGyara

  • Jami'ar Chalmers
  • Cibiyar Karolinska
  • Jami'ar Lund
  • Royal Institute of Technology
  • Makarantar Tattalin Arziki ta Stockholm
  • Jami'ar Uppsala
  • Jami'ar Umeå

Kasar FinlandGyara

  • Jami'ar Akbo Akademi
  • Jami'ar Aalto
  • Jami'ar Helsinki

Taraiyar AmurkaGyara

Akwai ƙungiyar shahararrun jami'o'i da ake kira Ivy League . Sune:

  • Jami'ar Harvard
  • Jami'ar Princeton
  • Jami'ar Yale
  • Jami'ar Brown
  • Jami'ar Cornell
  • Kwalejin Dartmouth
  • Jami'ar Columbia
  • Jami'ar Pennsylvania

Wasu shahararrun jami'o'in kuma sune:

  • Cibiyar Fasaha ta California
  • Jami'ar Duke
  • Massachusetts Cibiyar Fasaha
  • Jami'ar Stanford
  • Jami'ar Chicago
  • Jami'ar Georgetown
  • Jami'ar California, Berkeley
  • Jami'ar Jihar Ohio
  • Jami'ar Jihar Illinois

KanadaGyara

  • Jami'ar Carleton
  • Jami'ar McGill
  • Jami'ar McMaster
  • Jami'ar Sarauniya
  • Jami'ar British Columbia
  • Jami'ar New Brunswick
  • Jami'ar Ottawa
  • Jami'ar Toronto
  • Jami'ar Waterloo
  • Jami'ar Western Ontario

PolandGyara

  • Jami'ar Warsaw
  • Jami'ar Jagiellonian

JapanGyara

  • Jami'ar Tokyo
  • Jami'ar Kyoto
  • Jami'ar Waseda
  • Jami'ar Osaka

ItaliyaGyara

  • Jami'ar Bologna

OstiraliyaGyara

  • Jami'ar (asa ta Australiya
  • Jami'ar Melbourne
  • Jami'ar Deakin
  • Jami'ar New South Wales

ChileGyara

  • Jami'ar Chile (Universidad de Chile)
  • Jami'ar Katolika ta Chile (Universidad Católica de Chile)
  • Jami'ar Fasaha ta Metropolitan (Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana)

TurkiyaGyara

RomaniaGyara

  • Kwalejin Naval "Mircea cel Batran" (ANMB)

NajeriyaGyara

Koriya ta KuduGyara

  • Jami'ar Kasa ta Seoul
  • Jami'ar Yonsei
  • Jami'ar Koriya

ManazartaGyara

  1. ↑ Verger, Jacques. “The Universities and Scholasticism,” in The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume V c. 1198–c. 1300. Cambridge University Press, 2007, 257.
  2. ↑ Gordon Leff 1968. Paris and Oxford Universities in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries: an institutional and intellectual history. Wiley, 1968.
  3. ↑ Johnson P. 2000. The Renaissance: a short history. New York: Modern Library, p9.
  4. ↑ Thomas Oestreich 1913. Pope St. Gregory VII. In Herbermann, Charles. Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
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