Muammar Gaddafi
Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar Gaddafi Lafazi; (/ˈmoʊəmɑːr ɡəˈdɑːfi/;. Ya rayu daga shekara ta 1942 zuwa 20 ga watan Oktoba shekara ta 2011), Muammar al-Gaddafi da larabci: معمر محمد أبو منيار القذافي. Amfi saninsa da Konel Gaddafi ko Gaddafi, Ya kuma kasance ɗan gwagwarmayar kasar Libya ne, Ɗan siyasa, kuma mai taimakon mutanensa. Ya mulki Kasar Libiya matsayin sa na jagoran juyin mulkin da ta samar da Jamhoriyar Larabawa ta Libya wato Libyan Arab Republic da turanci, tun daga shekara ta 1969 har zuwa 1977, sannan kuma aka canja sunan jagorancinsa zuwa Shugaba Dan'uwa wato "Brotherly Leader" na babban jam'iyar talakawa, da akafi sanida Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya tun daga shekara ta 1977 har zuwa shekaran 2011. Gaddafi yakasance dan rajin cigaban larabawa ne amma daga baya ana ganin ya watsar da hakan ya fara bin ra'ayin Kansa. Gaddafi ya rike mukamai da dama aciki da wajen kasarsa, daga ciki ya rike Shugaban ƙungiyar ƙasashen Afirika wato African Union (AU) daga biyu ga watan Fabrairu a shekara ta 2009 har zuwa talatin da daya ga watan Janairu. Gaddafi yayi karatunsa a Jami'ar Kasar Libya da kuma Jami'ar Soji ta Benghazi, Gaddafi musulmi ne, mai bin ahlus-Sunnah, wato sunni Islam.
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Tarihinsa
gyara sasheAn haife Gaddafi a kusa da garin Sirte daga gidan talakawa makiyayan Larabawa, Gaddafi mai matukar kishin Larabawa ne tun yana makaranta a Sabha, daga nan ya shiga Royal Military Academy, Benghazi. Yana cikin soja ne yahada kungiyar data kifar da mulkin turawan yamma a ƙasar wanda suke amfani da sarkin ƙasar na wancan lokacin wato Senussi Mulkin Idris a shekarar 1969. Daga amsar mulki, Gaddafi ya sauya Libiya daga mulkin sarauta zuwa jamhoriya inda yan gwagwarmayarsa ke mulki da umurninsa. Daga nanne ya kora dukkani Italiyawa da turawan dake da sansani a kasar zuwa kasashen su, kuma ya karfafa dangantakarsa da sauran kasashen Larabawa, musamman da Shugaba Gamal Abdel Nasser's na kasar Misra (Egypt) tare da Neman hadin kan kasashen Afirika. Gaddafi ya kafa Shari'a a matsayin abun gudanar da dokokin kasar, tare da daukan tsarin jagoranci musulunci. Ya mayar da arzikin man fetur ɗin ƙasar mallakar gwamnati kuma ya rika amfani da kudaden domin karfafa sojojin ƙasar, da taimakawa kasashen waje, da taimakawa mutane wurin ginin gidaje, kiwon lafiya, ilimi da sauransu.
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Gaddafi ya sauya fasalin ƙasar Libya zuwa mulkin daya Kira "Jamahiriya" wato Kasar Al'ummah da turanci ("state of the masses") a shekarar 1977. A shekara ta 1970s zuwa 1980s, yakin iyaka tsakanin Libya da ƙasashen Misra da Cadi da taimakon yan tawayen ƙasashen waje, da zargin da ake masa na ɗaukan nauyin Lockerbie bombing a ƙasar Scotland yasa kasar tazama saniyar ware a duniya.