Mujahid Abdul-Karim
Imam Mujahid Abdul-Karim (an haife shi Benjamin Farmer, a ranar 26 ga watan Disamba,na shekara ta alif 1944)Ya kasan ce wani Ba’amurke ne Ba’amurke wanda ya musulunta,kuma wanda aka fi sani da sa hannu da kuma “jagorantar” watt Gang Truce na ranar 26 ga watan Afrilun,shekarar ta alif 1992 a tsakanin manyan kungiyoyi hudu masu fada da juna. - Jinin Wuta na Hacienda, Hanyoyin Inabi na Watts Crips, Bounty Hunter Watts Jini, da PJ Watts Crips. Shi limamin masallacin Masjid Al Rasul ne da ke Watts, Los Angeles kuma shugaban The Imam Mahdi Movement.
 Mujahid Abdul-Karim | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa |
Waldo (en)  , 26 Disamba 1944 (79 shekaru) |
| ƙasa | Tarayyar Amurka |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a | Liman |
| Imani | |
| Addini | Musulunci |
Rayuwar farko gyara sashe
An haifi Mujahid Abdul-Karim a matsayin "Benjamin Farmer" a garin Waldo, Arkansas . Yayinda yake dan karami danginsa suka tashi daga karkarar kudu zuwa karkarar arewa, kusa da tafkin Michigan, zuwa yankin Muskegon Heights, Michigan . Mahaifinsa, Benjamin Farmer (babba), tsohon soja ne kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin masana'anta. Mahaifiyarsa, Ledora Jackson, ta kasance magidanci, wanda shine babban mai kulawa ga 'yan uwansa goma sha uku. Tun yana yaro, ya kuma girma cikin talauci kuma yana da shekara tara ya zama " yaro mai haskaka takalmi ", yana tafiya a kan layin rarrabuwa ("waƙoƙin jirgin ƙasa") zuwa "sashin farin" na Muskegon don haskaka takalma na "kwata mai haske. " Zai sami kusan dala ashirin a kowane ƙarshen mako kuma ya ba da wani ɓangare na kuɗin don taimakawa da kuɗin gidan.
Sakamakon haka, saboda wannan matsanancin talaucin, a cikin 1961, ya gudu daga gida yana da shekaru 16, bayan da ya yi kamar ya biya "lissafin kuɗi" don mahaifiyarsa kuma daga baya ya sayi tikitin bas, yana tafiya shi kaɗai cikin ƙasar zuwa birnin New Haven, Connecticut, don zama tare da dangi. Zai zauna a New Haven har shekaru uku masu zuwa, har sai an nemi gayyatar ɗayan yayansa, Edward, don ya koma Chicago, Illinois .
A cikin Chicago akwai inda, yayin da yake zaune a yankin Afirka na tarihi na Kudu na Kudu, ba da daɗewa ba Abdul-Karim za a gabatar da shi ga akidun siyasa na ba da izini ga Baƙar fata, ƙudurin cin gashin kai, da haƙƙin ɗan adam, wanda daga baya zai haifar da alkiblar siyasarsa da asalinsa .
Ayyuka gyara sashe
Partyungiyar Baƙin Black Panther (1967 - 1970) gyara sashe
Ta hanyar kaninsa, Johnny, wanda ya riga ya kasance memba na kungiyar Black Panther Party, ya fara samun ilimi game da mahimmancin karfafawa bakaken fata da wayar da kan jama’a a siyasance. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan haka, Abdul-Karim, ya fara halartar azuzuwan wayar da kan jama'a game da siyasa wanda Pan Black Panthers ke gudanarwa kuma daga ƙarshe ya zama memba da kansa. Zuwa 1968, Abdul-Karim yana magana sosai a harabar kwaleji, yana rarraba takaddun siyasa, zuwa zanga-zangar siyasa, kuma a zahiri ya fara zama a hedkwatar Jam'iyyar Chicago Black Panther.
Yayin da yake zaune a hedkwatar Chicago Black Panther Party, Abdul-Karim ya zauna tare da irin waɗannan mashahuran mutane kamar wakilin Amurka na yanzu a gundumar majalisa ta 1 ta Illinois, Bobby Rush (wanda memba ce a lokacin), da Deborah Johnson, (uwar Fred Hampton Jr da matar da aka kashe shahararren Black Panther, Fred Hampton ).
Sauyawa zuwa Watts, Los Angeles & Juyawa zuwa Sunni Musulunci (1970 - 1980) gyara sashe
Kamar yadda Black damisa Jam'iyyar fara samun koma baya, saboda kokari kwakkwance kungiyar ta FBI 's Cointelpro,[1][2] Abdul-Karim aka karfafa da dama daga cikin' yan'uwa ya yi da sake zuwa birnin Los Angeles, Kalifoniya . A wannan lokacin, ƙarshen 1970s, yankuna kamar Kudu ta Tsakiya da Watts, Los Angeles suna sauyawa daga Rightsungiyoyin "ancin Dan Adam "sane" zuwa wuraren shan muggan kwayoyi da ayyukan ƙungiya (galibi sanannun ƙungiyoyin titin nan masu adawa da juna, Crips da Jini ).[3]
Bayan haka, Abdul-Karim yana ganin yana da muhimmanci a yi aiki tare da matasan Afirka na Afirka ta Kudu ta Kudu ta Tsakiya, musamman yankin Watts (wurin haifuwar tarihi na Tawayen Watts na 1965), waɗanda yanzu ke shiga cikin fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi da ƙungiyoyin titi. . A wannan lokacin na rayuwarsa, Abdul-Karim shima ya musulunta zuwa addinin Musulunci bayan tattaunawa mai zurfi da wani Musulmi mai suna Muhammad Abdullah (mahaifin 'yan wasan kwallon kafa na NFL, Hamza Abdullah da Husain Abdullah ).
Masjid Al Rasul (1980 - A Yanzu) gyara sashe
A 1980 Abdul-Karim ya kafa nasa masallacin, Masijd Al Rasul, a kan Kudu ta Tsakiya. Wannan wurin wurin zai zama wurin taron tarihi da sanya hannu a yarjejeniyar Watts Peace of 26 ga watan Afrilu, 1992, tsakanin manyan kungiyoyi masu fada a ji na Watts hudu - Watts Cirkle City Piru Bloods, Grape Street Watts Crips, Bounty Hunter Watts Bloods, da PJ Watts Crips .[4]
Canza Sheka zuwa Musulunci (1982 - 1983) gyara sashe
Bayan kafa Masjid Al Rasul a 1980, Abdul-Karim ya yanke shawara, wanda ya samo asali ne daga hadisan Annabin Musulunci, Muhammad, wanda ya yi aiki don samar da dawwamammen zaman lafiya tsakanin kabilun biyu masu fada da juna a cikin garin Musulunci mai tsarki Madina ( Banu Aws da Banu Khazraj - wadanda suka kasance suna fada da juna sama da shekaru dari), cewa burin rayuwarsa shi ne isar da sakon "zaman lafiya" ga kungiyoyin nan biyu masu fada da juna na Los Angeles, California, Jini da Crips .
Abdul-Karim ya fara aiki ba tare da gajiyawa ba a cikin ƙungiyoyi uku sanannun rukunin gine-ginen da ke yankin Watts: Nickerson Gardens, Jordan Downs, da Kotunan Imperial . Zai ɗauki kimanin shekaru 12 na tattaunawa da shugabannin ƙungiyoyin masu adawa don ganin mafarkin yin sulhu a Masallacin Al Rasul. A wannan lokacin na taimakon al'ummarsa, bayan ya musulunta, ya kuma fara haduwa da daliban Iraniyawa da yawa wadanda a lokacin suke halartar UCLA kuma suna halartar sallar Juma'a a kai a kai a masallacin. Wadannan daliban sun kasance mabiya mazhabar mazhabar Musulunci ne kuma suka ba shi littafi don karantawa game da jikan Annabin Musulunci, Muhammad, Hussain bn Ali . Bayan ya karanta wannan littafin, kuma ya gamsu da ingancin makarantar Shi'a ta Islama ta wasu hujjoji, Abdul-Karim ya yanke shawarar cewa zai canza masallacinsa zuwa dan asalin Ba'amurke dan asalin Ba'amurke da ke gudanar da masallacin Shi'a a Amurka.
Balaguro zuwa :asashen waje: Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran (1983 - 1990) gyara sashe
A tsakanin lokacin daga 1983-1989, Abdul-Karim ya ga ya dace ya je garin makarantar hauza mai tsarki ta Qom, Iran don ci gaba da bunkasa iliminsa na Islama. Yayin da yake makarantar hauza a Kum, an gayyaci Abdul-Karim kuma ya iya zama a kan laccoci da jawabai da yawa da marigayi shugaban Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini ya gabatar, kuma ya sami damar yin tarurruka da Shugaban na wancan lokacin. Iran, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei (babban shugaban Iran a yanzu), Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Ayatollah Ahmad Jannati, da kuma Shugaban Iran da suka gabata, Mohammad Khatami .
Koyaya, a cikin 1990, an tilasta Abdul-Karim komawa Amurka don ci gaba da aikin “ginin” dorewar zaman lafiya tsakanin shugabannin ƙungiyoyi a cikin yankin Watts na Los Angeles, California.
Watts "Jini da Crips" Tsaran Zaman Lafiya (Afrilu 26, 1992 - Yanzu) gyara sashe
An sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya ta Watts mai tarihi a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1992 bayan an gudanar da taro cikin nasara a Masjid Al Rasul.
Kyaututtuka na Musamman, Girmamawa, da Ganowa gyara sashe
- Ambasada na Peace Peace wanda Sanata Roderick Wright ya gabatar
- Amincewa ta Musamman don asalin Watts Yarjejeniyar Zaman Lafiya ta 'yar majalisa Maxine Waters
- Takardar shedar Ganowa ga 20th Anniversary of Watts Treaty Peace by Councilman Joe Buscaino
- Mai ba da shawara ga al'umma a baya ga Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta King-Drew na Los Angeles, California
Masjid Al Rasul cikin Kyakkyawan Art gyara sashe
Shahararren mai daukar hoton launi na Amurka Joel Sternfeld ya hada hoton ciki na Masjid Al Rasul (bayan sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Watts Peace ta tarihi) a cikin littafinsa, A Wannan Shafin: Yankin Kasa a Memoriam (1997).[5] Daga baya an ba da wannan hoto zuwa sanannen Cibiyar Nazarin Art ta Chicago.[6]
Sharhi akan Joel Sternfeld Masjid Al Rasul Hoto gyara sashe
An rubuta sharhi game da hoton Joel Sternfeld na cikin Masjid Al Rasul. Mai sukar fasaha, Geoff Dyer, ya faɗi abu mai zuwa game da wahayi da ya zana daga hoton:
Ofayan hotuna masu motsi wanda na sani shima ɗayan na birgeshi ne: fanko ne, ɗakin ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa tare da kafet mai ruwan kasa da bangon bango. Ya zo a ƙarshen littafin Joel Sternfeld A Kan Wannan Shafin (1996).[7]
Dyer ya ci gaba da:
Hoton da na ambata a farko wani nau'i ne na rubutaccen rubutu; yana zuwa ne bayan Bayan Kalma, bayan Godiya da sauransu. Dull din yana cikin masallacin Masjid Al Rasul a Watts, inda mambobin kungiyar Jini da Crips, abokan hamayyar kungiyar ta Los Angeles, suka yi shawarwari tare da sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar sulhu a ranar 26 ga Afrilu, 1992. A bayan duk abin da ya gabata kafin wa'adin wannan hoton shine mafi girman kasancewa mai karko, na wucin gadi. Yana ba da tabbataccen takaddun shaida game da imanin Maxim Gorky cewa 'Rayuwa koyaushe za ta kasance ta munana don sha'awar abin da ya fi kyau kada a kashe mutum.[7]
Hanyoyin haɗin waje gyara sashe
- Masallacin Al Rasul Yanar Gizo Archived 2021-12-17 at the Wayback Machine
Manazarta gyara sashe
- ↑ Churchill, Ward (2002). Agents of Repression: The FBI's Secret Wars Against the Black Panther Party. ISBN 9780896086463. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
- ↑ Jones, Charles E. (1998). The Black Panther Party Reconsidered. Black Classic Press. p. 366. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
cointelpro black panthers.
- ↑ Bernal, Rodrigo Garcia (16 August 2006). Urban Politics: The Political Culture of Gangs. ISBN 9781467804158. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
- ↑ Chang, Jeff (April 2007). Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation. ISBN 9781429902694. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
- ↑ Sternfeld, Joel (1996). On this Site: Landscape in Memoriam. ISBN 9780811814485. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
- ↑ "Chicago Art Institute". Retrieved 2 October 2012.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Dyer, Geoff (November 2010). Working the Room: Essays. ISBN 9781847679666. Retrieved 2 October 2012.