Kwarin Kashmir

Kwarin Kashmir
	ƙorama
Bayanai
Mountain range (en)	Pir Panjal (en)
Ƙasa	Indiya
Wuri a ina ko kusa da wace teku	Jhelum River (en)
Wuri
	34°00′N 74°42′E / 34°N 74.7°E
Jihar Indiya	Jammu da Kashmir

Kwarin Kashmir (Urdu: وادی کشمیر) ko Vale na Kashmir kwari ne tsakanin Karakoram da Pir Panjal Range . ^[1] An ƙirƙira shi ta hanyar malalowar babban tafkin Karena a yayin da ake ɗaga kai sama . Sarkin Daular Mughal Jahangir (1569-1627) ya kira Kwarin Kashmir da "aljanna a duniya". Yana kuma cikin ƙasar Indiya da ake gudanar da Jammu da Kashmir . Akwai kuma gundumomi 10 a cikin wannan rukunin gudanarwa . Kwarin 135 kilometres (84 mi) tsawo da 32 kilometres (20 mi) fadi

Kyakkyawan yanayi

Tsofaffin mutanen Helenawa na kiran sa da Kaspeiria . A cikin adabin gargajiya Herodotus an kira shi Kaspatyrol . ^[2] Xuanzang, da Sin m wanda ya ziyarci Kashmir a 631 AD kira shi Kia-shi-mi-lo. Tibet kira shi Khachal, ma'ana " yi dusar ƙanƙara, dutsen ". Andasar ce kuma ta kasance ƙasar rafuka, tabkuna da furannin daji . Kogin Jhelum yana tafiyar da dukkan kwarin. Kwarin dai ya rabu da duwatsu masu dusar ƙanƙara a kowane ɓangare. Tekuna irin su Dal Lake da Nagin Lake da ke kusa da su suna da ɗaruruwan jiragen ruwa na gida. Wannan daga zamanin Raj na Burtaniya ne lokacin da ba a ba wa baƙi damar siyan ƙasa a nan. Don haka suka gina manyan kwale-kwalen gida na katako don ba da lokacin bazara . Wannan, bi da bi, ya haifar da otal-otal a jirgin ruwa. Mutane da yawa suna yi wa ado da itace carvings da kuma Victoria zamanin furniture .

Rigima

Indiya da Pakistan sun yi yaƙi da yankin a cikin 1947–1948. A ƙarƙashin kulawar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya mutanen biyu sun amince da tsagaita wuta a kan layin da ya bar Kwarin Kashmir karkashin gwamnatin Indiya. A shekarar 1972, Indiya da Pakistan suka sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da ake kira Yarjejeniyar Simla . Sanarwar ta ce nan gaba dukkansu za su sasanta matsalolinsu cikin lumana. Ta kuma sake layin layin tsagaita wuta layin Layi .

Indiya ta yi ikirarin cewa duk jihar gami da Kwarin Kashmir suna daga cikin Indiya. Duk Amurka da Ingila suna goyon bayan mayar da Layin Lantarki zuwa iyakar tsakanin Indiya da Pakistan. Indiya kamar tana tafiya tare da wannan yayin da Pakistan gaba ɗaya ke adawa da ita.

Indiya ta tura manyan jami'an tsaro zuwa Kashmir tsawon shekaru. Kashmir ya ci gaba da kasancewa ɗayan yankunan da ke da ƙarfin yan tawaye . A cikin 1989 an yi tawaye da makamai don adawa da ikon Indiya. Indiya ta zargi Pakistan da zarginta da daukar nauyin ta'addanci .

A shekarar 1999 rikici na uku ya tashi game da yankin. Dakarun da Pakistan ke marawa baya sun kutsa cikin Kashmir. Yayinda duka rundunonin biyu suka yi luguden wuta a kan layin sarrafawa, Indiya ba ta tura sojoji zuwa Pakistan ba. Dubun dubatan mutane ne aka kashe kawo yanzu a Kashmir.

Matsayi na yanzu

Mafi yawan mazauna yankin Kashmir Musulmi ne . Tattalin arziki galibi noma ne amma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan yawon shakatawa ya zama muhimmin masana'antu . Babu Indiya ko Pakistan da ke son yaƙin gama gari (duka suna da makaman nukiliya ). Babu wanda yake son takunkumin na duniya wanda tabbas zai zo idan akwai yaƙi.

Siyasa

Jam’iyyun siyasa

Jammu da Kashmir Party Freedom Party (JKDFP). An kafa su a 1998 kuma suna son mulkin kai ga Jammu da Kashmir.
Jammu da Kashmir Democratic Party (PDP). Da aka kafa a 1999 ƙungiya ce ta ' yan aware da ke son mulkin kai ga Jammu da Kashmir.
Duk Bangarorin Taron Hurriyat (APHC). An kafa su a cikin 1993, kawance ne na kungiyoyin siyasa, zamantakewa da kungiyoyin addini 26 a Kashmir wadanda ke son Pakistan ta mallake su.
Majalisar Indiya ta Indiya (INC). Suna daga cikin manyan jam’iyyun siyasa biyu na kasar Indiya. A babban zaben shekarar 2009 ta kafa kawancen da ke da rinjaye don tafiyar da gwamnati.
Jam'iyyar Bharatiya Janata (BJP). Su ne jam'iyya ta biyu mafi girma a Indiya kuma jam'iyyar Hindu-National ce. Sun kasance a kan mulki daga 1998 zuwa 2004.
Jammu da Kashmir National Conference Party (NCP). An kafa su a 1939 sun kasance jagora na tsawon shekaru da yawa a Kashmir. Sun fi son mulkin kai.

Kungiyoyin 'yan bindiga

Jaish-e-Mohammed . Suna aiki a Kashmir amma suna zaune a Pakistan. Suna son mulkin Pakistan. An dakatar da kungiyar a Pakistan tun shekara ta 2002 amma har yanzu suna aiki.
Hizbul-Mujahideen . Areungiya ce ta mayaƙa da ke aiki a Kashmir tun daga 1989.
Lashkar-e-Taiba . Sun kasance masu alhakin munanan hare-hare da suka hada da harin Red Fort a Delhi a cikin 2000. Indiya ta yi imanin cewa su ke da alhakin harin na Mumbai a 2009. Galibi ba Kashmiri bane. Suna aiki a Kashmir amma suna zaune a Pakistan.

Hotuna

Makarantar da akai watsi da ita a Kudancin Kashmir
Zubar ruwa a Aharbal, Kashmir

Manazarta

↑ Landscapes and Landforms of India, ed. Vishwas S Kale (Dordrecht: Springer Verlag, 2014), pp. 125–126
↑ P. N. K. Bamzai, Culture and Political History of Kashmir, Vol. 1 (New Delhi: M.D. Publications, 1994), pp. 4–6

[Kale125.126-1] Landscapes and Landforms of India, ed. Vishwas S Kale (Dordrecht: Springer Verlag, 2014), pp. 125–126

[Bamzai4.6-2] P. N. K. Bamzai, Culture and Political History of Kashmir, Vol. 1 (New Delhi: M.D. Publications, 1994), pp. 4–6

[1]

[2]