Warshu

Warshu
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	728
Mutuwa	812
Malamai	Nafi' al-Madani
Sana'a
Sana'a	Liman
Imani
Addini	Musulunci

Abu Sa'id Uthman Ibn Sa'id al-Qutbi, wanda aka fi sani da Warsh (110-197AH), ya kasance jigo a tarihin karatun Alkur'ani (qira'at), hanyoyin karatun Alkur'ani.^[1] Tare da Qalun, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu watsa shirye-shiryen farko guda biyu na hanyar karanta littafin Nafi' al-Madani.^[1]^[2]^[3] Tare, salon su shine mafi yawan nau'in karatun kur'ani a cikin masallatai na Afirka da ke wajen Masar, kuma sun shahara a Yemen da Darfur duk da sauran Sudan suna bin hanyar Hafsi . Hanyar Warsh da takwaransa Qalun kuma ita ce mafi shaharar hanyar karatun Al-Andalus . Yawancin Musxafs da aka buga a yau a Arewacin Afirka da Yammacin Afirka suna bin karatun Warshu.^[4]

Karatun Warsh

Warsh 'an Naafi' yana daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin karatun Alkur'ani . Karatun Al-Qur'ani wanda aka fi sani da Larabci da Qira'at, ana gudanar da shi ne karkashin ka'idojin Ilimin Tajwidi . Ana danganta shi ga Imam Warsh wanda shi kuma ya samu daga malaminsa Nafi'ul Madani wanda yana daya daga cikin masu watsa karatuttukan bakwai. Karatun Warsh 'an Naafi' na daya daga cikin manya-manyan hadisai biyu na tilawa. Na biyu kuma shine Hafsu 'Asim .

Tarihi

An haifi Imam Warsh (110-197AH) Uthman Ibn Sa'id al-Qutbi a Masar. Malaminsa Naafi'u ne yake kiransa da Warsh, wani sinadarin madara ne, saboda launin fata ne. Ya koyi karatunsa daga Naafi'u a Madina . Bayan ya kammala karatunsa ya koma kasar Masar inda ya zama babban mai karatun Alqur'ani. ^[5]

A karni na 10, malamin musulmi Ibn Mujahid ya tsara karatun Alqur'ani guda bakwai da suka hada da Warsh 'an Naafi'. Koyaya, watsawar Asim da Warsh kawai ya rage tasiri. ^[6] Karatun Warsh 'an Naafi' ya yadu a Arewacin Afirka, saboda shi ne mafificin karatun Imam Malik bn Anas, wanda mazhabar Malikiyya ta fi yawa a wannan yanki na duniya. A zamanin da, shi ne babban karatun kur'ani a Iberia na Musulunci . Wasarwar Warsh 'an Naafi' tana wakiltar al'adar karatun Madina.

Kwatanta karatun Warsh da Hafsu

Karatun Alqur'ani na Warsh 'an Naafi' ya sha banban da Hafs 'an Asim a rubuce-rubucen rubutu . Yawancin bambance-bambance ba su shafar ma'anar. Amma duk da haka a wasu lokuta bambance-bambancen suna canza ma'anar ayar. A cikin aya ta 2:184 Hafs ya karanta ayar da cewa ya zama “... fansa [madaidaicin] ciyar da miskini...". A gefe guda kuma, Warsh yana karanta shi “... fansa [madaidaicin] ciyar da talakawa...” ^[7] Sauran bambance-bambancen da suka wuce rubutun rubutu sun haɗa da. :

رواية ورش عن نافع	رواية حفص عن عاصم	Ḥafs	Warsh	Babi da Aya
يَعْمَلُونَ	تَعْمَلُونَ	ka yi	suna yi	Al-Baqara 2:85
وًأَوْصّى	وَوَصَّى	wajabta	umarni	Al-Baqara 2:132
سَارِعُوا	وَسَارِعُوا	Kuma ku gaggauta zuwa	Gaggauta zuwa	Al'imran 3:133
مَا تَنَزَّلُ	مَا نُنَزِّلُ	ba mu saukar...	ba sa sauka...	Al-Hijr 15:8
ku	قَالَ	Yace	ka ce!	Al-Anbiya' 21:4
كَثِيرًا	كَبِيرًا	mai girma	masu yawa	Al-Ahzab 33:68
بِمَا	فَبِمَا	to shine me	shi ne me	Suratul Shura 42:30
نُدْخِلْهُ	يُدْخِلْهُ	ya sa shi shiga	mu sa shi shiga	Al-Fatḥ 48:17

Wani babban bambanci tsakanin karatun Alqur'ani da Hafsi da Warsh shi ne faxin kalmomin. Kur'ani na zamani suna da alamomin yare (wanda aka sani da Tashkil) kuma a wasu lokuta furta kalmar daban na iya nuna ma'ana daban-daban. Ga wasu misalai:

رواية ورش عن نافع	رواية حفص عن عاصم	Ḥafs	Warsh	Babi da Aya
مَلِكِ	مَالِكِ	Mai shi	Sarki	Al-Fatiha Q1 :4 (Q1:3 in Warsh)
يٌكذبُونَ	يَكْذِبُونَ	karya suke yi	An ƙaryata su (ko) sun ƙaryata	Al-Baqara Q2 :10 (Q2:9 in Warsh)
قُتِلَ	قَاتَلَ	Kuma da yawa annabi ya yi yaki	Kuma an kashe Annabi dayawa	Al'imran Q3 :146
سَاحِرَانِ	سِحْرَانِ	biyu aikin sihiri	biyu masu sihiri	Al-Qasas Q28 :48

Magana

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 "The Ten Readers and their Transmitters". www.islamic-awareness.org. Retrieved 2022-12-02.
↑ Nasser, Shady (2012-11-09). The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur??n: The Problem of Taw?tur and the Emergence of Shaw?dhdh (in Turanci). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-24081-0.
↑ McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (2006-11-23). The Cambridge Companion to the Qur'ān (in Turanci). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-53934-0.
↑ Geissinger, Aisha (2015-06-02). Gender and Muslim Constructions of Exegetical Authority: A Rereading of the Classical Genre of Qurʾān Commentary (in Turanci). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-29444-8.
↑ Nasser, Shady Hekmat. The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur'an: The Problem of Tawatur and the Emergence of Shawadhdh. Leiden: Brill, 2013, p. 154
↑ Empty citation (help)
↑ A.Brockett, Studies in Two Transmission of the Qur'an, doctorate thesis, University of St. Andrews,Scotland, 1984, p.138

[ten-1] 1.0 ^1.1 "The Ten Readers and their Transmitters". www.islamic-awareness.org. Retrieved 2022-12-02.

[shady129-2] Nasser, Shady (2012-11-09). The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur??n: The Problem of Taw?tur and the Emergence of Shaw?dhdh (in Turanci). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-24081-0.

[3] McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (2006-11-23). The Cambridge Companion to the Qur'ān (in Turanci). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-53934-0.

[4] Geissinger, Aisha (2015-06-02). Gender and Muslim Constructions of Exegetical Authority: A Rereading of the Classical Genre of Qurʾān Commentary (in Turanci). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-29444-8.

[5] Nasser, Shady Hekmat. The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur'an: The Problem of Tawatur and the Emergence of Shawadhdh. Leiden: Brill, 2013, p. 154

[6] Empty citation (help)

[7] A.Brockett, Studies in Two Transmission of the Qur'an, doctorate thesis, University of St. Andrews,Scotland, 1984, p.138

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