Rikicin Jos, 2008
Rikicin Jos na shekara ta 2008 ya kasance tarzoma ce da ta shafi kiristoci da musulmi dangane da sakamakon zaben kananan hukumomi da aka gudanar a ranakun 28 da 29 ga watan Nuwamba 2008 a garin Jos dake yankin Middle Belt a Najeriya.[1][2] Rikicin na kwanaki biyu ya yi sanadin jikkata ɗaruruwa, yayin da aƙalla mutane 761 suka mutu.[3] An tura sojojin Najeriya (a yankin).[4]
| Iri |
riot (en)  |
|---|---|
| Kwanan watan |
29 Nuwamba, 2008 28 Nuwamba, 2008 |
| Ƙasa | Najeriya |
| Participant (en) | |
| Adadin waɗanda suka rasu | 761 |
Dalilai
gyara sasheMa’aikatan zaɓe dai ba su fito fili sun bayyana sunayen waɗanda suka yi nasara a zaɓen ba, sai aka fara yada jita-jitar cewa ɗan takarar jam’iyyar Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), Barista Timothy Gyang Buba ne ya lashe zaɓen,[5] ya doke ɗan takarar jam’iyyar All Nigerian Peoples Party. Jama’ar al’ummar Hausawa Musulmi, sun fara gudanar da zanga-zanga tun kafin a fitar da sakamakon, wanda ya haifar da arangama da ta yi sanadiyar mutuwar daruruwan mutane tsakanin Musulmi da Kirista, wadanda suka fi goyon bayan Buba.[6]
Wai-wa-ye
gyara sasheIrin wannan tarzoma da aka yi a shekarar 2001 tsakanin Kirista da Musulmi a Jos ma ta yi sanadiyyar mutuwar ɗaruruwan mutane.[7] Rikicin 2004 a Yelwa, wani gari a Jihar Filato ya haifar da abin da ake kira Kisan Yelwa. Fadan da aka yi a jihar Kaduna ta arewa ta tsakiya a lokacin da aka yi yunƙurin kafa shari’ar Musulunci a shekarar 2000, ya haifar da raba garin Kaduna. Hakan ya biyo bayan tarzomar Kaduna a watan Nuwamban shekarar 2002, sakamakon yadda Najeriya ta karbi bakuncin gasar Miss World, wadda daya daga cikin wadanda suka fafata ta lashe gasar a bara.[8]
Tarzomar
gyara sasheRikicin na kwanaki biyu ya yi sanadin mutuwar aƙalla mutane 761,[3] sai kuma gidaje, masallatai, coci-coci da makarantu sun lalace ko an kona su.[9][10] Ƙungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta Najeriya ta bayar da rahoton cewa mutane 10,000 ne suka tsere daga gidajensu saboda tarzomar,[2][11] kuma suna zaune a matsugunan da gwamnati ta samar na wucin gadi.[6] An tura sojojin Najeriya cikin birnin domin magance rikicin, gami da shiga a tsakanin Kiristoci da Musulmai.[12] An soke tashin jirage izuwa Jos, an kuma toshe hanyoyin arewa.[13]
Tasiri
gyara sasheJonah Jang, gwamnan jihar Filato, ya sanya dokar hana fita ta sa'o'i 24 a gundumomi hudu na birnin, kuma an ba sojoji damar "harbi" don hana sake afkuwar tashin wata tarzomar.[6] hukumar Human Rights Watch ta yi zargin cewa sojoji da ƴan sanda sun yi kisan gilla fiye da 130 a lokacin da suke mayar da martani kan tarzomar.[9] An kama matasa da yawa ɗauke da makamai na dukkan bangarorin biyu-(musulmai da kiristoci) a shingayen titin sojoji.[12] Ƴan sanda sun ce an kama sama da mutane 500 sakamakon tarzomar. Sai dai jami'an jihar sun ce babu wanda aka samu nasarar gurfanar da shi a gaban kuliya.[3]
Duba kuma
gyara sasheManazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ "7,070 displaced persons in 10 camps in Jos, Nigeria". Xinhua News Agency. 6 December 2008. Archived from the original on 10 December 2008. Retrieved 5 December 2008.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Riots 'kill hundreds in Nigeria'". BBC News. 29 November 2008. Archived from the original on 30 November 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Human Rights Watch (12 December 2013). "Leave Everything to God": Accountability for Inter-Communal Violence in Plateau and Kaduna States, Nigeria. pp. 45–47. Archived from the original on 21 April 2015. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
- ↑ Abubakar, Aminu. "Nigerian army takes over riot city". Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
- ↑ "Nigeria: Dozens Killed in Jos LG Election Riot". Allafrica.com. 29 November 2008. Archived from the original on 2 December 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "At Least 200 Die in Nigeria Clashes". The New York Times. 29 November 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
- ↑ "Nigerian president tours riot city". BBC. 17 October 2001. Archived from the original on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
- ↑ "Nigeria calls off Miss World show". BBC. 23 November 2002. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Human Rights Watch (20 July 2009). Arbitrary Killings by Security Forces: Submission to the Investigative Bodies on the November 28-29, 2008 Violence in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
- ↑ "300 bodies taken to mosque on 2nd day of Nigeria riots". CNN. 29 November 2008. Archived from the original on 3 February 2023. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
- ↑ "Nigerian army takes over city hit by Muslim-Christian clashes". The Telegraph. 30 November 2008. Retrieved 13 July 2015.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 "At least 200 killed in clashes in Nigeria". Reuters. 29 November 2008. Archived from the original on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
- ↑ Rice, Xan (30 November 2008). "Nigerian city counts its dead after days of Christian-Muslim riots". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
Hanyoyin haɗi na waje
gyara sashe- Blench, RM, Daniel, P. & Hassan, Umaru (2003): Haqqoqin samun dama da tashe-tashen hankula a kan albarkatun gama gari a jihohi uku na Nijeriya. Rahoto ga Sashin magance rikice-rikice, Bankin Duniya (wanda aka fitar a Jos Plateau )
- Human Rights Watch (2009), Jami’an tsaro na kashe-kashe ba bisa ka’ida ba: Mika wa Hukumar Bincike kan Tashe-tashen hankula da suka faru a ranar 28-29 ga Nuwamba, 2008 a Jos, Jihar Filato, Najeriya.
- Human Rights Watch (2013), "Bar Komai Ga Allah": Tashin Hankalin Rikicin Tsakanin Al'umma A Jihohin Filato da Kaduna, Najeriya Archived
- Nkwocha, Stanley (1 Disamba 2008). Jos: Jini A Kan tituna, Sake, Jagoranci (Abuja)
- Ostien, Philip (2009), Jonah Jang da Jasawa: Rikicin Kabilanci da Addini a Jos, Nigeria, a dangantakar Musulmi da Kirista a Afirka