Mutanen Bassa(Laberiya)
Mutanen Bassa ƙabilar Afirka ta Yamma ne waɗanda asalinsu 'yan asalin ƙasar Liberiya ne. Sun kafa mafi rinjaye ko kuma wasu tsiraru a cikin kananan hukumomin Liberia na Grand Bassa, Rivercess, Margibi da Montserrado.[2] A cikin babban birnin Liberia na Monrovia, su ne mafi yawan kabilu.[3] Tare da yawan jama'a kusan miliyan 0.57, sune kabila ta biyu mafi girma a cikin Laberiya (13.4%), bayan mutanen Kpelle (20.3%). [1] Hakanan ana samun ƙananan al'ummomin Bassa a Saliyo da Ivory Coast.
| Jimlar yawan jama'a | |
|---|---|
| 350,000 | |
| Yankuna masu yawan jama'a | |
| Laberiya da Saliyo | |
| Addini | |
| Kiristanci |
_pic.09_Bassa_women.jpg) Bassa women in 1922 | |
| Jimlar yawan jama'a | |
|---|---|
| c. 4,022,600 | |
| Yankuna masu yawan jama'a | |
 Laberiya | 692,000[1] |
 Ivory Coast | 65,000 |
 Saliyo | 40,000 |
 Kameru | 3,225,600 |
| Harsuna | |
| Bassa, Kru Pidgin English | |
| Addini | |
| Christianity | |
| Kabilu masu alaƙa | |
| Krahn, Kru, Grebo, Jabo | |
Mutanene Bassa suna magana da yaren Bassa, yare ne na Kru wanda ke da asalin harsunan Nijar-Congo. [4] Suna da nasu tsarin rubutu na hoto amma ba a amfani da shi a cikin karni na 19, an kuma sake gano shi tsakanin bayin Brazil da West Indies a 1890s, kuma an sake sake gina shi a farkon 1900 ta Thomas Flo Darvin Lewis.[5][6] Rubutun da aka farfaɗo da alamun ana kiransa Ehni Ka Se Fa.
A cikin yarukan gargajiya, ana kiran mutanen Bassa da sunan GbBambog-Mbogsa ko Bambog-Mbog.[7]
Asali gyara sashe
Mutanen Bassa sun fito ne daga Misira a karni na 6 kafin zuwa annabi Isa, wanda daga baya suka yi kaura zuwa kuma suka zauna a yammacin Afirka ta yamma da wasu sassan da suka hada da Laberiya, Saliyo, Togo da Najeriya, Senegal yayin da wasu suka zauna a yankin tsakiyar Afirka kamar Kamaru da Kwango.[8] Gungiyoyin da ke cikin ƙasa daban-daban sun haɓaka al'adunsu daban, yare da zamantakewar su.[9] Mutanen Bassa suna da dangantaka da mutanen Basari na Togo da Senegal, da mutanen Bassa-Mpoku a yankunan Congo, da mutanen Bassa na Kamaru.
Hujjojin ilimin harshe da hadisai na baka na wadannan bangarori masu yawa daban-daban, kananan kungiyoyi masu mahimmanci sun nuna cewa sunan su Bassa na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da Bassa Sooh Nyombe wanda ke nufin "Mutanen Uban Dutse". 'Yan kasuwar Turai na farko sun sami matsala wajen faɗin duka jimlar, kuma an yi amfani da gajeriyar hanyar Bassa a cikin wallafe-wallafen Yammacin tun daga wancan lokacin.[10]
Addini gyara sashe
Addinin gargajiyar mutanen Bassa yana da tushe na ɗabi'a da tunania, wanda ke girmama magabata da kuma ruhohi na allahntaka. Addinin Kiristanci ya zo tsakanin mutanen Bassa a lokacin mulkin mallaka, kuma an fassara Baibul na farko zuwa yaren Bassa a 1922. Tsarin tallafi ya cakuda tunanin Kiristan Allah tare da ra'ayinsu na gargajiya game da Mafificin Sarki da kakannin farko mai iko wanda ya kasance mai jinkai da ramuwar gayya, yana ba da kyautatawa da kuma azabtar da marasa kyau. Addinin gargajiya ya haɗa da al'adun sirri na maza da mata, kamar ƙungiyar Sande.[11]
Mishaneri na kiristoci da yawa daga ɗariku daban-daban na Kiristanci sun kasance suna aiki tsakanin mutanen Bassa a cikin ƙarni na 20. Waɗannan sun haifar da majami'u masu zaman kansu da yawa na Bassa daga Turai, Arewacin Amurka, Afirka da ƙungiyoyin Ikklesiyoyin bishara. [12] A zamanin yau, yawancin mutanen Bassa galibi suna bin Kiristanci, amma sun riƙe abubuwa na addininsu na gargajiya.
Al'umma gyara sashe
Mutanen Bassa a gargajiyance manoma ne wadanda suke noman doya, rogo, eddoes da plantain. Su dangi ne masu nasaba da nasaba waɗanda ke zaune a ƙauyuka, kowannensu yana da sarki.[2]
Majiya gyara sashe
- Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Bayani: Harsunan Duniya, bugu na goma sha biyar. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International. Siffar kan layi .
- Somah, Syrulwa (2003), Nyanyan Gohn-Manan Tarihi, Hijira da Gwamnatin Bassa ; Hasken walƙiya Inc.
Manazarta gyara sashe
- Don ruhohi da sarakuna: zane-zane na Afirka daga tarin Paul da Ruth Tishman, The Museum of Museum of Art Libraries, ya ƙunshi abubuwa akan mutanen Bassa
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 People and Society: Liberia, CIA Factbook, United States
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "James Stuart Olson (1996). The Peoples of Africa: An Ethnohistorical Dictionary. Greenwood. pp. 78–79. ISBN 978-0-313-27918-8
- ↑ "Patricia Levy; Michael Spilling (2008). Liberia. Marshall Cavendish. p. 92. ISBN 978-0-7614-3414-6.
- ↑ Bassa, Ethnologue
- ↑ Bassa: A language of Liberia: Writing, Ethnologue
- ↑ Bassa: A language of Liberia: Writing, Ethnologue
- ↑ Emmanuel Kombem Ngwainmbi (2009). Molefi Kete Asante and Ama Mazama (ed.). Encyclopedia of African Religion. SAGE Publishers. pp. 108–110. ISBN 978-1-4129-3636-1.
- ↑ Emmanuel Kombem Ngwainmbi (2009). Asante and Mazama (ed.). Encyclopedia of African Religion. p. 109
- ↑ "Paul Rozario (2003). Liberia. Gareth Stevens. pp. 52–53. ISBN 978-0-8368-2366-0.
- ↑ Emmanuel Kombem Ngwainmbi (2009). Molefi Kete Asante and Ama Mazama (ed.). Encyclopedia of African Religion. SAGE Publishers. pp. 108–110. ISBN 978-1-4129-3636-1.
- ↑ Daniel Mato; Charles Miller (1990). Sande: Masks and Statues from Liberia and Sierra-Leone. Galerie Balolu. pp. 15–16. ISBN 978-90-800587-1-2.
- ↑ Paul Gifford (2002). Christianity and Politics in Doe's Liberia. Cambridge University Press. pp. 20, 105–107, 140–141, 197, 215, 228–230 with footnotes. ISBN 978-0-521-52010-2