Kahina
Dihya, ko Damya ), Sarauniya ce ta Abzinawa kuma shugabar addini da soja. Ta jagoranci mutanen gari don adawa da faɗaɗar larabawa a yankin arewa maso yammacin Afirka . Wannan ya faru ne a yankin da a da ake kira Numidia, wanda ke gabashin Algeria a yau. An haife ta a farkon karni na 7 kuma ta mutu a ƙarshen ƙarshen ƙarni na 7 a ƙasar da take yanzu Algeria.
 Kahina | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
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| Rayuwa | |||
| Haihuwa |
Aurès Mountains (en)  , 668 | ||
| Mutuwa |
Tabarka (en) , 703 | ||
| Makwanci |
Baghai (en) | ||
| Sana'a | |||
| Sana'a | sarki | ||
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kuma shugabar addini da soja ce wacce ta jagoranci ‘yan asalin kasar wajen turjiya da mamayar musulmi na Magrib, yankin a lokacin da ake kira Numidia wanda ya yi nasara a kan sojojin Banu Umayyawa a yakin Meskiana daga nan kuma ta zama shugabar Magrib baki dayanta, [1] [2] [3] [4] kafin yaqin Tabcina . An haife ta a farkon karni na 7 miladiyya kuma ta rasu a karshen karni na 7 a Aljeriya ta zamani.
Asalinta da addini
gyara sasheSunanta na sirri ɗaya ne daga waɗannan bambancin: Daya, Dehiya, Dihya, Dahya ko Damya. [5] Majiyoyin harshen Larabci ne suka buga sunanta da al-Kāhina ( bokan firist ). Wannan shi ne laƙabin da ƴan adawar ta musulmi suka yi mata saboda zarge-zargen da ake yi mata na hasashen makomarta. [6] An haife ta a cikin kabilar Jrāwa Zenata a farkon karni na 7. [7] Ta shafe shekaru biyar tana mulkin jihar Berber mai 'yanci daga tsaunukan Aurès zuwa gabar tekun Gadames (695-700 AD). Amma Larabawa da Musa bin Nusayr ya jagoranta, suka dawo da runduna mai karfi, suka ci ta. Ta yi yaƙi a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na El Djem na Roman amma a ƙarshe an kashe ta a yaƙi kusa da wata rijiya da har yanzu tana ɗauke da sunanta, Bir al Kahina a Aures .[8]
Lissafi daga karni na 19 a kan </link> da'awar cewa ta kasance addinin Yahudawa ko kuma kabilarta ' yan kabilar Berber ne . [9] Kamar yadda al-Māliki ya ce, “wani gunki” ya raka ta a cikin tafiye-tafiyenta. Dukansu Mohamed Talbi da Gabriel Camps sun fassara wannan gunki a matsayin gunki na Kirista, ko dai na Kristi, Budurwa, ko waliyyi mai kare sarauniya. M'hamed Hassine Fantar ya yi imanin cewa wannan gunki yana wakiltar wani gunkin Berber na daban, yana nuna cewa ta bi addinin Berber na gargajiya . Koyaya, kasancewar Dihya Kirista ya kasance mafi kusantar hasashe. [10]
Tunanin cewa Jarawa sun zama Yahudanci ya fito ne daga masanin tarihi na zamanin da, Ibn Khaldun, wanda ya sanya su cikin kabilun Berber bakwai. Hirschberg da Talbi sun lura cewa Ibn Khaldun da alama yana magana ne game da wani lokaci kafin zuwan daular Rumawa da Marigayi Rumawa, kuma kadan daga baya a cikin wannan sakin layi yana nuna cewa a zamanin Romawa "kabilan" sun zama Kiristanci . Tun a shekara ta 1963, masanin tarihin Isra'ila HZ Hirschberg, a cikin sake fassara rubutun Ibn Khaldun da kuma maimaita dukan takarda, ya yi tambaya game da wannan fassarar, kuma gaba ɗaya wanzuwar manyan kabilun Berber na Yahudawa a ƙarshen zamanin da. [11] A cikin kalmomin HZ Hirschberg, "na duk sanannun ƙungiyoyi na tuba zuwa addinin Yahudanci da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na Yahudanci, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da Berbers da Sudanese a Afirka sun kasance mafi ƙarancin inganci. Duk abin da aka rubuta a kansu, to, abin tambaya ne mai girma.” [12]
Sama da ƙarnuka huɗu bayan mutuwarta, ɗan ƙasar Tunisiya al-Mālikī da alama tana cikin waɗanda suka fara bayyana cewa ta zauna a tsaunin Aurès . Karnu bakwai bayan rasuwarta, an gaya wa alhaji at-Tijani cewa ta 'yar kabilar Luwata ce. [13] Lokacin da malamin tarihi Ibn Khaldun ya zo rubuta labarinsa, sai ya sanya ta a cikin kabilar Jarawa. A cewar majiyoyin musulmi daban-daban, al-Kāhinat diyar Tabat ce, ko kuma wasu sun ce Mātiya . [14] Waɗannan tushe sun dogara da asalin asalin kabilanci, waɗanda galibi an haɗa su don dalilai na siyasa a ƙarni na 9.[15] Ibn Khaldun ya rubuta tatsuniyoyi masu yawa game da Dihyā. Yawancin su suna magana ne game da dogon gashinta ko girman girmanta, duka halayen almara na masu sihiri . Ita kuma ana zaton ta sami baiwar annabta kuma ta haifi 'ya'ya maza uku, wanda shine siffar mayu a cikin almara. Hatta cewa biyu nata ne, daya ta karbe (wani jami'in Balarabe da ta kama) wani hali ne da ake zargin matsafa ne a tatsuniyoyi. Wata almara kuma ta ce a lokacin ƙuruciyarta, ta yi zaton ta 'yantar da jama'arta daga wani azzalumi ta hanyar amincewa da aurensa sannan ta kashe shi a daren aurensu . Kusan babu wani abu na rayuwarta da aka sani. </link> ]
Manazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ The History of Anti-Semitism, Volume 2: From Mohammed to the Marranos Leon Poliakov University of Pennsylvania Press
- ↑ Remarkable Jewish Women: Rebels, Rabbis, and Other Women from Biblical Times to the Present Emily Taitz, Sondra Henry Jewish Publication Society,
- ↑ History of North Africa: Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco: From the Arab Conquest to 1830 Charles André Julien Praeger
- ↑ The Jews of North Africa: From Dido to De Gaulle Sarah Taieb-Carlen University Press of America,
- ↑ See discussion of these supposed names by Talbi (1971).
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=9txi3xuuENcC&pg=PA23
- ↑ See discussion of these supposed names by Talbi (1971)
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=a1jfzkJTAZgC
- ↑ See Hirschberg (1963) and Talbi (1971).
- ↑ See Hirschberg (1963) and Talbi (1971).
- ↑ Hirschberg (1963) p. 339.
- ↑ Hirschberg (1963) p. 339.
- ↑ at-Tijani, Arabic text p. 57: al-kāhinat al-ma'arūfat bi-kāhinat lūwātat, p. 118 of the translation
- ↑ According to some, this name is an Arabicized form of the Christian name Matthias or Matthew. See Talbi (1971) for more discussion.
- ↑ Talbi (1971) and Modéran (2005) discuss the various sources.