Wikipedia

Ishaaq

Ishaq dayan magabata uku ne na Isra’ilawa kuma yana da mahimmanci a cikin addinan Ibrahim, gami da addinin Yahudanci, Kiristanci, da Islama. Shi dan Ibrahim ne da Saratu, mahaifin Yakubu, kuma kakan kabilu goma sha biyu na Isra'ila.

Ishaaq
manzo


patriarch (en) Fassara

Rayuwa
Haihuwa 1851 "BCE"
ƙasa no value
Mazauni Gerar (en) Fassara
Ƙabila Hebrews (en) Fassara
Mutuwa Canaan (en) Fassara, 1671 "BCE"
Makwanci Cavern of the Patriarchs (en) Fassara
Yanayin mutuwa Sababi na ainihi
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi Ibrahim
Mahaifiya Sarah
Abokiyar zama Rebecca (en) Fassara
Yara
Ahali Isma'ilu
Karatu
Harsuna Canaanite (en) Fassara
Sana'a
Sana'a Makiyayi
Wurin aiki Falasdinu
Mamba Patriarchs (en) Fassara
Feast
March 25 (en) Fassara
Imani
Addini no value
isaaq
isaaq

Sunan Ishaku yana nufin "zai yi dariya", wanda ke nuna dariya, ga rashin yarda, na Ibrahim da Saratu, lokacin da Allah ya gaya musu cewa za su sami ɗa. [1] [2] Shine kawai sarki wanda ba'a canja sunansa ba, kuma shine kadai wanda bai ƙaura daga Kan'ana ba. [2] Dangane da labarin, ya mutu yana da shekara 180, wanda ya fi kowa tsawon rayuwa a cikin shugabannin kakannin uku. [2]

Bayanin Lantarki

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Sunan da aka ambata a cikin Ishaku shine fassarar kalmar Ibrananci Yiṣḥāq (יִצְחָק) wanda a zahiri yana nufin "Yayi dariya / zaiyi dariya." Rubutun Ugarit wanda aka fara daga ƙarni na 13 KZ yana magana ne game da murmushin alherin allolin Kan'aniyawa El. [3] Farawa, ya danganta dariya ga iyayen Ishaƙu, Ibrahim da Saratu, maimakon El. Dangane da labarin Littafi Mai-Tsarki, Ibrahim ya faɗi fuskarsa yana dariya lokacin da Allah (Ibraniyanci, Elohim) ya ba da labarin haihuwar ɗansu a ƙarshe. Ya yi dariya saboda Saratu ta wuce shekarun haihuwa; duka ita da Ibrahim sun tsufa. Daga baya, lokacin da Saratu ta ji manzannin Ubangiji uku sun sabunta alƙawarin, sai ta yi dariya a ciki saboda wannan dalili. Saratu ta musanta dariya lokacin da Allah ya tambayi Ibrahim game da hakan. [1]

A cikin Amos, ba a rubuta Ishaƙu da צ amma da ש - Amos 7: 9 ישחק.

Farawa labarin

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Haihuwa

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It was prophesied to the patriarch Abraham that he would have a son and that his name should be Isaac. When Abraham became one hundred years old, this son was born to him by his first wife Sarah.[4] Though this was Abraham's second son[5] it was Sarah's first and only child. Abraham's first son was born with Hagar.

A rana ta takwas daga haihuwarsa, aka yi wa Ishaku kaciya, kamar yadda ya wajaba a kan dukkan mazan gidan Ibrahim, domin ya kiyaye alƙawarin Ubangiji. [6]

After Isaac had been weaned, Sarah saw Ishmael mocking, and urged her husband to cast out Hagar the bondservant and her son, so that Isaac would be Abraham's sole heir. Abraham was hesitant, but at God's order he listened to his wife's request.[7]

Daurewa

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Akedah, mosaic a ƙasan gidan majami'ar Beit Alfa

A wani lokaci a lokacin saurayin Ishaku, mahaifinsa Ibrahim ya dauke shi zuwa Dutsen Moriah . Bisa umarnin Allah, Ibrahim ya gina bagadin hadaya ya miƙa ɗansa Ishaku a kai. Bayan ya ɗaure ɗansa a kan bagaden kuma ya zaro wuƙa don ya kashe shi, a lokaci na ƙarshe wani mala'ikan Allah ya hana Ibrahim ci gaba. Madadin haka, an umurce shi da ya miƙa ragon da ke kusa wanda ya makale a cikin duri.

 
Haihuwar Isuwa da Yakubu, kamar yadda Benjamin West suka zana

Kafin Ishaƙu ya kai 40 (Far 25:20) Ibrahim ya aiki Eliezer, wakilinsa, zuwa cikin Mesofotamiya don nema wa Ishaƙu mata, daga dangin ɗan'uwansa Bethuel . Eliyezer ya zaɓi Rifkatu 'yar Suriya ga Ishaku. Bayan shekaru da yawa da aure ga Ishaku, Rifkatu har yanzu ba ta haifi ɗa ba kuma an yi imanin ba ta haihuwa. Ishaq yayi mata addu'a sai tayi. Rifkatu ta haifi tagwaye maza, Isuwa da Yakubu . Ishaku yana da shekara 60 lokacin da aka haifa masa 'ya'ya maza biyu. [8] Ishaku ya fi son Isuwa, Rifkatu kuma ta fi son Yakubu. [9]

Labarin da ake bayarwa game da Ishaku bai ambaci yana da ƙwaraƙwarai ba. [10]

Hijira

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Ishaku ya koma Biyer-lahai-roi bayan mahaifinsa ya rasu. [11] Lokacin da ƙasar ta fuskanci yunwa, sai ya ƙaura zuwa ƙasar Gerar ta Filistiyawa inda mahaifinsa ya taɓa zama. Landasar har yanzu tana ƙarƙashin ikon sarki Abimelek kamar yadda yake a zamanin Ibrahim. Kamar mahaifinsa, Ishaku ma ya yaudari Abimelek game da matarsa, har ma ya shiga rijiyar. Ya koma duk rijiyoyin da mahaifinsa ya haƙa kuma ya ga duk an rufe su da ƙasa. Filistiyawa sun yi haka bayan mutuwar Ibrahim. Saboda haka, Ishaku ya tono su, ya fara haƙa rijiyoyi har zuwa Biyer-sheba, inda ya yi yarjejeniya da Abimelek kamar yadda ya yi a zamanin mahaifinsa. [12]

 
Ishaku ya albarkaci ɗansa, kamar yadda Giotto di Bondone ya zana

Hakkin haihuwa

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Ishaku ya tsufa kuma ya zama makaho. Ya kira ɗansa Isuwa, ya ce masa ya samo masa lada domin ya sami albarkar Ishaku. Yayin da Isuwa yake farauta, Yakubu, bayan ya saurari shawarar mahaifiyarsa, ya yaudari mahaifinsa makaho ta hanyar ɓata sunan kansa kamar Isuwa kuma ta haka ne ya sami albarkar mahaifinsa, irin wannan cewa Yakubu ya zama magajin Ishaƙu na farko kuma an bar Isuwa a matsayi na ƙasa. A cewar Farawa 25: 29–34, Isuwa a baya ya sayar wa Yakubu matsayinsa na ɗan fari domin "gurasa da romon lentil". Bayan haka, Ishaku ya aiki Yakubu zuwa Mesofotamiya don ya auri matar gidan ɗan'uwan mahaifiyarsa. Bayan shekara 20 yana aiki wa kawunsa Laban, Yakubu ya koma gida. Ya sasanta da tagwayen ɗan'uwansa Isuwa, sannan shi da Isuwa suka binne mahaifinsu, Ishaku, a Hebron bayan ya mutu yana da shekara 180. [13] [14]

Iyalin gida

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Wurin binnewa

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Bisa ga al'adar gida, kaburburan Ishaku da Rifkatu, tare da kabarin Ibrahim da Saratu da Yakubu da Lai'atu, suna cikin Kogon Iyayen Sarakuna .

Ra'ayoyin yahudawa

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A cikin al'adun rabbi, ana ɗaukar shekarun Ishaƙu a lokacin ɗaure zuwa 37, wanda ya bambanta da kwatancin Ishaƙu yayin yaro. [15] Har ila yau, malaman sun yi tunanin cewa dalilin mutuwar Sara shine labarin ne na hadayar Ishaƙu. Hadayar Ishaku an ambata a cikin roƙo don rahamar Allah a cikin al'adun yahudawa na gaba. [16] Bayanan yahudawa na bayan littafi mai tsarki sau da yawa suna bayyana matsayin Ishaƙu fiye da bayanin littafi mai tsarki kuma da farko suna mai da hankali ne ga hadayar Ibrahim da Ishaƙu, wanda ake kira aqedah ("ɗaure"). [3] Dangane da fasalin waɗannan fassarar, Ishaku ya mutu a cikin hadayar kuma an farfaɗo dashi. A cewar yawancin labaran Aggadah, ba kamar Littafi Mai-Tsarki ba, Shaidan ne yake gwada Ishaƙu a matsayin wakilin Allah . [17] Yardar Ishaƙu don bin umarnin Allah a yayin mutuwarsa ya zama abin koyi ga yahudawa da yawa waɗanda suka fifita shahada fiye da ƙeta dokar Yahudawa .

Bisa ga al'adar yahudawa, Ishaku ya kafa sallar la'asar. Wannan al'adar ta dogara ne akan Farawa sura 24, aya ta 63 [18] ("Ishaku ya fita don yin zuzzurfan tunani a filin a maraice"). [15]

Ishaku shine kadai sarki wanda ya zauna a Kan'ana a duk tsawon rayuwarsa kuma duk da cewa da zarar yayi kokarin barin, Allah ya gaya masa kada yayi haka. [19] Hadisai na Rabbinic sun ba da bayani cewa an kusan sadaukar da Ishaƙu kuma duk abin da aka sadaukar domin hadaya na iya barin ƙasar Isra'ila . [15] Ishaku shine mafi tsufa a cikin magabata na littafi mai tsarki a lokacin mutuwarsa, kuma shi kaɗai ne basarake wanda ba a canza sunansa ba. [3] [20]

Littattafan Rabbinci kuma sun danganta makantar Ishaƙu a lokacin tsufa, kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin Baibul, da hadayar hadaya: Idanun Ishaku sun makance saboda hawayen mala'iku da ke wurin a lokacin hadayarsa sun sauka a idanun Ishaku. [17]

 
Ishaku ya rungumi mahaifinsa Ibrahim bayan Baure Ishaku . Farkon 1900s bayanin Baibul.

Cocin kirista na farko yaci gaba kuma ya inganta taken Sabon Alkawari game da Ishaƙu a matsayin kwatancin Kristi kuma Cocin kasancewar su "ɗan alƙawari" da "mahaifin masu aminci". Tertullian ya zana kamanceceniya tsakanin ɗaukar Ishaƙu itace na hadaya tare da Kristi ɗauke da gicciyensa. [21] kuma akwai yarjejeniya ta gama gari cewa, yayin da duk hadayu na Tsohon Doka ya kasance tsinkayen hakan ne a kan Kalvari, hadayar Ishaƙu ta kasance "ta hanyar fifiko". [22]

Cocin Orthodox na Gabas da Roman Katolika suna ɗaukar Ishaku a matsayin waliyi tare da sauran magabata na Littafi Mai Tsarki . [23] Tare da na sauran kakanni da Tsohon Alkawari na Adalci, ana bikin ranar idin nasa a Cocin Orthodox na Gabas da kuma bikin Byzantine na cocin Katolika a ranar Lahadi ta biyu kafin Kirsimeti (Disamba 11-17), ƙarƙashin taken Lahadi na Magabata . [24]

Sabon Alkawari ya ce Ishaku ya “miƙa” mahaifinsa Ibrahim, kuma Ishaƙu ya albarkaci ɗiyansa maza. [20] Bulus ya nuna bambanci tsakanin Ishaƙu, wanda ke alamta 'yanci na Kirista, da babban ɗa da aka ƙi Isma'ilu, yana nuna bautar; [3] [25] Hajara tana da alaƙa da alkawarin Sinai, yayin da Saratu ke da alaƙa da alkawarin alheri, wanda ɗanta Ishaku ya shiga ciki. Wasikar Yakubu sura 2, aya 21 - 24, [26] ce sadaukarwar Ishaku ya nuna cewa barata (a wajan Johannine) na bukatar bangaskiya da aiki. [27]

A cikin wasiƙar zuwa ga Ibraniyawa, an yi amfani da yardar Ibrahim don bin umarnin Allah na yin hadaya da Ishaƙu a matsayin misali na bangaskiya kamar yadda aikin Ishaku ya albarkaci Yakubu da Isuwa game da makomar da Allah ya yi wa Ibrahim. [28] A cikin aya ta 19, marubucin ya kalli sakin Ishaƙu daga hadaya a matsayin kwatankwacin tashin Yesu, tunanin hadayar Ishaƙu alama ce ta hadayar Yesu a kan gicciye . [29]

Ra'ayoyin Musulunci

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Kogon mahaifin, Hebron
 
Sunan Ishaq akan kabarinsa

Addinin Islama ya ɗauki Ishaƙu (Larabci: اسحق Ishaq ) annabin Islama, kuma ya bayyana shi a matsayin mahaifin Isra’ilawa kuma salihin bawan Allah .

Ishaq, tare da Isma'il, suna da matukar muhimmanci ga Musulmai don ci gaba da wa'azin tauhidi bayan mahaifinsa Ibrahim . Daga cikin Ishaku yara ne follow-up Ba'isra'ile sarki Yakubu, wanda aka ma waliyai matsayin Musulunci annabi.

An ambaci Ishaku sau goma sha biyar da suna a cikin Alqurani, sau da yawa tare da mahaifinsa da ɗansa, Yakubu. Alqurani ya bayyana cewa Ibrahim ya sami bushara ne da Ishaq, annabi, daga salihai ”, kuma Allah ya albarkace su duka (37: 112). A cikin cikakken bayanin, lokacin da mala'iku suka zo wa Ibrahim suna gaya masa hukuncin da za a yi a kan Saduma da Gwamrata, matarsa, Saratu, "ta yi dariya, kuma Muka yi mata bushara da Ishaku, da kuma bayan Ishaƙu na (jikan) Yakubu "(11: 71-74); kuma an kara bayanin cewa wannan taron zai faru duk da cewa Ibrahim da Saratu sun tsufa. Ayoyi da yawa sunyi magana game da Ishaƙu a matsayin "kyauta" ga Ibrahim (6: 84; 14: 49-50), kuma 24: 26-27 sun ƙara da cewa Allah ya sanya "Annabci da Littafin su kasance daga cikin zuriyarsa", wanda aka fassara. don komawa ga annabawan annabawa biyu na Ibrahim, jikan annabinsa Yakubu, da kuma jikan annabinsa Yusuf . A cikin Alqurani, daga baya ya ruwaito cewa Ibrahim shima ya yabi Allah da ya bashi Isma'ila da Ishaq a lokacin tsufansa (14: 39–41).

Da sauran wurare a cikin Alqur'ani, da Ishaku, da aka ambata a cikin lists: Joseph bi aƙidar kakannin Ibrahim, da Ishaku, da Yakubu (12: 38), kuma magana akan Allah 's ni'ima a gare su (12: 6). 'Ya'yan Ya'uba duk sun ba da gaskiya ga imaninsu kuma sun yi alkawarin bautar Allah wanda kakaninsu, "Ibrahim, Isma'ilu da Ishaku", suka yi wa sujada (2: 127); kuma Alqurani ya umurci musulmai su yi imani da ayoyin da aka bai wa "Ibrahim, Isma'ilu, Ishaku, Yakubu da Jikokin Sarki" (2: 136; 3: 84). A cikin labarin Alqurani game da kusancin hadayar Ibrahim ga dansa (37: 102), ba a ambaci sunan dan ba kuma an ci gaba da muhawara kan asalin dan, kodayake mutane da yawa suna jin cewa asalin shi ne mafi mahimmancin abu a cikin labarin an bayar ne don nuna ƙarfin zuciyar da mutum ke haɓaka ta wurin bangaskiya.

Qur'ani

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aQAlqurani ya ambaci Ishaku a matsayin annabi kuma adalin mutumin Allah . An ambaci Ishaku da Yaƙub kamar waɗanda aka bai wa Ibrahim a matsayin baiwar Allah, wanda sai ya bauta wa Allah shi kaɗai kuma ya kasance shugabanni masu adalci a cikin hanyar Allah:

Kuma muka azurta Shi da Isha sanna muka sanya a zura'ar Ishak Yaqooba, kuma muka sanya su acikin al'ummah tsarkakakku wat ita zuriar ta Aiyub.

Quran, Surah 21

Wasu malamai sun bayyana Ishaku matsayin "mai almara adadi" ko "kamar yadda wani adadi mai wakiltar tribal tarihi, ko" kamar yadda wani seminomadic shugaban. " Labarun Ishaku, kamar sauran patriarchal labaru na Farawa, an kullum yi ĩmãni a yi "ga asalin jama'a tunanin da hadisan da na farkon Hebrew pastoralist kwarewa." Abokin Cambridge Companion ga Baibul yayi bayani mai zuwa game da labaran littafi mai tsarki na magabata:

A cewar Martin Noth, masanin Ilimin Ibrananci Ibrananci, labaran Ishaku sun kasance ne zuwa tsohuwar al'adar al'adu fiye da ta Yammacin Jordan. A wancan lokacin, ƙabilun Isra’ilawa ba su kasance masu nitsuwa ba tukun. A yayin neman wuraren kiwo, sun sadu da kudancin Filistiya tare da mazaunan ƙauyukan da aka kafa. Masanin tarihin Baibul A. Jopsen ya yi imani da alaƙar da ke tsakanin al'adun Ishaku da arewa, kuma a cikin goyon bayan wannan ra'ayin ya kawo Amos 7: 9 ("manyan wuraren Ishaku").

Albrecht Alt da Martin Noth sun ce, "Adadin Ishaku ya inganta lokacin da jigon alƙawarin, wanda a baya yake da alaƙa da al'adun 'Allah Ubanni' aka shigar da su cikin ƙa'idodin Isra'ilawa yayin matakan kudancin-Falasɗinu na ci gaban Hadisin Pentateuch . " A cewar Martin Noth, a matakin Kudancin Falasdinu na bunkasar al'adar Pentateuch, Ishaku ya zama ɗaya daga cikin magabata na Littafi Mai-Tsarki, amma al'adunsa sun koma baya saboda ni'imar Ibrahim.

A cikin fasaha

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Kiristan farko da aka zana Ishaƙ ana samun shi a frescoes na Roman catacomb . Ban da gutsuttsura, Alison Moore Smith ya rarraba waɗannan ayyukan fasaha a cikin rukuni uku:

Duba kuma

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  • Tarihin littafi mai tsarki da kuma alqurani
  • Alkawarin Ishaku
  • Labarin mata - ‘yar’uwa a littafin Farawa - irin wadannan labaran guda uku, wadanda suka hada da Ibrahim (biyu) da Ishaku (daya)

Bayanan kula

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Ambato

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Manazarta

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Genesis 17:15–19 18:10–15
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 deClaise-Walford 2000.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Encyclopedia of Religion, Isaac.
  4. ↑ Genesis 18:10–12
  5. ↑ Genesis 16:15
  6. ↑ Genesis 21:1–5
  7. ↑ Genesis 21:8–12
  8. ↑ Genesis 25:26
  9. ↑ Genesis 25:20–28
  10. ↑ Encyclopaedia Judaica, Volume 10, p. 34.
  11. ↑ Genesis 25:11
  12. ↑ Genesis 26
  13. ↑ Jewish Encyclopedia, Isaac.
  14. ↑ Genesis 35:28–29
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 The New Encyclopedia of Judaism, Isaac.
  16. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica, Isaac.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Brock, Sebastian P., Brill's New Pauly, Isaac.
  18. ↑ Genesis 24:63
  19. ↑ Genesis 26:2
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Easton, M. G., Illustrated Bible Dictionary, 3rd ed., Isaac.
  21. ↑ Cross and Livingstone, Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 1974, art Isaac
  22. ↑ Kelly, J.N.D. Early Christian Doctrines, A & C Black, 1965. p. 72
  23. ↑ The patriarchs, prophets and certain other Old Testament figures have been and always will be honored as saints in all the Church's liturgical traditions. – Catechism of the Catholic Church 61
  24. ↑ Liturgy > Liturgical year >The Christmas Fast – Byzantine Catholic Archeparchy of Pittsburgh
  25. ↑ Galatians 4:21–31
  26. ↑ James 2:21–24
  27. ↑ Encyclopedia of Christianity, Bowden, John, ed., Isaac.
  28. ↑ Hebrews 11:17–20
  29. ↑ see F.F. Bruce, The Epistle to the Hebrews Marshall. Morgan and Scott, 1964 pp. 308–13 for all this paragraph.
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