Al-Ibādhiyyah (Larabci الاباضية) darika ce ta Musulunci. Shi ne babban tsarin musulunci a cikin ƙasar Oman. Akwai kuma mabiya Ibadi a Algeria da Libya . Wataƙila ɗayan makarantun farko ne, da aka kafa ƙasa da shekaru 50 bayan rasuwar Annabi Muhammad .

Ibadi
Founded 7 century
Mai kafa gindi Jābir ibn Zayd (en) Fassara
Classification
Sunan asali الاباضية
Massalacin Al ummah ibadi

Sunan ya fito daga Abdulullah ibn-Ibāḍ at-Tamīmī. Wasu mabiyan wannan reshe, suna da'awar cewa wanda ya ƙirƙireshi shi ne Jabir ibn Zaid al-'Azdi daga Nizwa, Oman.

Yadda Ibadi suka bambanta gyara sashe

Ana ganin al'ummomin Ibāḍī a matsayin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya. Ibāḍiyyah tana ƙin yin qunūt ko addu'oi yayin tsayuwa a cikin sallah. Musulmin Sunni a al'adance suna ganin Ibāḍiyyah ƙungiyar Kawarijawa ce. Ibadis na zamani suna ganin sauran musulmai ba kuffar " kafirai " ba ne (kamar yadda mafi yawan ƙungiyoyin Kawarijawa suka yi), amma a matsayin kuffar an-niˤma "waɗanda suka musanta falalar Allah". A yau, wannan halin ya canja sosai. Sun yi imani da cewa halayyar mai bi na gaskiya ga wasu an bayyana ta cikin wajibai uku na addini:

  • walāyah: abota da kuma haɗin kai da aikatawa na gaskiya ne, kuma tare da Ibadi Imamai .
  • bara'a : kar a yi ma'amala da kafirai da masu zunubi; da kuma nuna wani kiyayya a garesu, da kuma waɗanda za su shiga wuta .
  • wuqūf : ajiyar wurin waɗanda ba a san matsayinsu ba.

Ba kamar 'yan Khawarij ba, Ibāḍī ya yi watsi da al'adar kisan manyan Musulmi. [1]

Ibāḍīs sun yarda da 'yan Sunnah a amince, da shi Abū Bakr da Umar ibn al-Khattab, wanda suke ganin da biyu ya nẽmi shiryuwa Khalifofi . Suna ganin Uthman bn Affan ya gabatar da bidi'a "bidi'a" a cikin Musulunci. Sun amince da tawayen da ya hamɓarar da shi. Sun kuma yarda da sashin farko na khalifancin ˤAlī, kuma, kamar Shi'a, ba su yarda da tawayen ˤĀ'isha a kansa ba kuma ba su yarda da tawayen Muˤāwiyya ba . Duk da haka, suna ganin yarda da Ali ya yi na sasantawa a yakin Siffin a kan 'yan tawayen Muˤāwiyya a matsayin wanda bai dace da Musulunci ba kuma ya sanya shi bai dace da Imamanci ba, kuma suna Allah wadai da Ali saboda kashe Khawarijawan farko na an-Nahr a yakin Nahrawan .

Manyan bambance-bambance gyara sashe

Har ila yau, Ibadis suna da bambance-bambance daban-daban na koyarwa tare da addinin Islama, babban cikinsu:

  • Musulmi ba za su ga Allah ba a ranar sakamako. Wannan ya samo asali ne daga Kur'ani inda aka ce wa Annabi Musa a kan neman ganin Allah, "Ba za ka iya gani na ba." Wannan ya saɓa wa aƙidar 'yan Sunni da ke cewa hakika musulmai za su ga Allah da idanunsu ranar gobe kiyama - (ba tare da bayyana yadda Allah ya san da shi ba). Wannan ya dace da imanin Ƴan Shia . Kamar a haɗar Imam Ali (AS) "Idanu basa iya ganinsa, amma hakikanin IMANI na iya ganinsa" Nahj al-Balaghah .
  • Wanda ya shiga wuta, yana madawwama a cikinta. Wannan ya saɓa wa akidar Ahlus-sunna cewa musulmin da suka shiga wuta za su zauna a ciki na wani ajali ko kayyadadden lokaci matukar girman laifin bai kai a hada Allah da wani ba (Shirka). Don tsarkake su daga kurakuransu, bayan haka kuma za su shiga Aljanna. Ahlus-Sunnah kuma sun yi imani a kan cewa kafirai za su dauwama a wuta har abada.
  • Littafin Alkur'ani halitta ne. Jama'ar Sunni suna da karfin gwuiwa a kan cewa ba a halicci Alkur'ani ba saidai shi zancen Allah ne. Kamar yadda nassoshi suka nuna. Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙungiyar Shi'a sun yarda cewa an kirkiro Alkur'ani, daya daga cikin akidun ilimin tauhidi da suke tarayya da Mu'tazilah.
  • Ibadi ba sa ganin hadisan Ahlus-sunnah Kutub al-Sittah (ko hadisai na Shi'a) a matsayin wasiyya, amma sun fi dogaro da fassarar mutum.

A akidarsu, halifa na biyar na halal shi ne Abdullah bn Wahb al-Rasibi. Dukkanin Khalifofi daga Muˤāwiyya zuwa gaba ana ɗaukar su a matsayin azzalumai banda Umar bn Abdul Aziz, wanda ra'ayi ya banbanta a kansu. Ko yaya, daga baya an yarda da shugabannin Ibā Ib daban-daban a matsayin imamai na gaskiya, da suka haɗa da Abdullah ibn Yahya al-Kindi na Kudancin Arebiya da imam na daular Rustamid a Arewacin Afirka.

Hakanan ana samun Musulman Ibāḍī a Jabal Nafusa a Libya, Mzab a Algeria, Gabashin Afirka (musamman Zanzibar ) da Tsibirin Djerba a Tunisia . Daular Rustamid na da da farko a Algeria ita ce Ibāḍī, kuma 'yan gudun hijira daga babban birninta Tahert sun kafa al'ummomin Ibāḍī na Arewacin Afirka waɗanda suke a yau.

Manazarta gyara sashe

  1. Mortimer, Edward, Faith and Power, Vintage (1982), p.42

Wasu shafukan yanar gizo gyara sashe