Doris Lessing (Doris May Tayler,an haifeta aranar 22 ga watan Oktoba shekarata 1919 -ta mutu a ranar 17 ga watan Nuwamba shekarata 2013) marubuciyar Burtaniya ce. A shekarar 2007, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Nobel a Adabi. Masu ba da rahoto sun gaya wa Doris cewa ta lashe kyautar Nobel kuma sun tambaye ta "Shin ba ki yi mamaki ba?". Ta ce ta riga ta "lashe duk wasu kyaututtukan adabin Turai" don haka samun kyaututtukan al'ada ne.

Doris Lessing
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna Doris May Tayler
Haihuwa Kermanshah (en) Fassara, 22 Oktoba 1919
ƙasa Birtaniya
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
Mutuwa Landan, 17 Nuwamba, 2013
Makwanci Golders Green Crematorium (en) Fassara
Yanayin mutuwa  (Bugun jini)
Ƴan uwa
Abokiyar zama unknown value  (1939 -  1943)
Gottfried Lessing (en) Fassara  (1943 -  1949)
Ma'aurata Clancy Sigal (en) Fassara
Ƴan uwa
Karatu
Makaranta Dominican Convent High School (en) Fassara
Harsuna Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a marubuci, maiwaƙe, Marubuci, marubucin wasannin kwaykwayo, autobiographer (en) Fassara, marubin wasannin kwaykwayo, essayist (en) Fassara, marubucin labaran almarar kimiyya da prose writer (en) Fassara
Muhimman ayyuka The Grass Is Singing (en) Fassara
The Golden Notebook (en) Fassara
The Good Terrorist (en) Fassara
The Cleft (en) Fassara
The Memoirs of a Survivor (en) Fassara
A Ripple from the Storm (en) Fassara
Kyaututtuka
Ayyanawa daga
Mamba Modern Language Association (en) Fassara
Royal Society of Literature (en) Fassara
Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts (en) Fassara
Fafutuka literary realism (en) Fassara
Sunan mahaifi Jane Somers
Artistic movement science fiction (en) Fassara
IMDb nm0504363
dorislessing.org

Rayuwar farko gyara sashe

An haifi Lessing a Iran a ranar 22 ga watan Oktoba shekarata 1919. Iyayenta duka turawa ne. Sun hadu ne a Royal Free Hospital . Mahaifinta, Kyaftin Alfred Tayler, mai haƙuri ne saboda ya rasa ƙafarsa a Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya. Mahaifiyarta, Emily Maude Tayler (sunan budurci McVeagh), ma'aikaciyar jinya ce.

Alfred Tayler da matarsa sun ƙaura zuwa Kermanshah, Iran. Ya fara aiki a can a matsayin magatakarda na Babban Bankin Farisa . An haifi Doris a shekarata 1919. Daga baya, dangin sun ƙaura zuwa mulkin mallaka na Kudancin Rhodesia (wanda yanzu ake kira Zimbabwe ) a shekarar 1925 don noman masara.

Lessing yayi karatu a Makarantar Sakandaren Dominican Convent a Salisbur (yanzu Harare ). Makarantar zuhudun Katolika ce ta 'yan mata. [1] Ta bar makaranta tana da shekara 14, kuma ta koyar da kanta bayan hakan. Ta bar gida tana da shekara 15 kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin mai aikin jinya . Ta fara karatu game da siyasa da ilimin zamantakewa kuma ta fara rubutu a wannan lokacin. A cikin shekarata 1937, Lessing ta koma Salisbury don yin aiki a matsayin mai aikin tarho . Ba da daɗewa ba ta auri mijinta na farko, Frank Wisdom. Suna da yara biyu (John da Jean), kafin auren ya ƙare a shekarar 1943. [2] Ta kula da marubuci nan gaba Jenny Diski bayan iyayenta sun zage ta. Diski ya zauna tare da Lessing tsawon shekaru hudu a London.

Bayan kisan aurenta, Lessing ta ƙara shiga cikin membobin ƙungiyar left book . Ta shiga wannan ƙungiyar littafin kwaminisanci shekara da ta gabata. Ta sadu da mijinta na biyu, Gottfried Lessing a can. Sun yi aure ba da daɗewa ba bayan ta shiga ƙungiyar, kuma ta haifi ɗa namiji mai suna Peter. Wannan aure ya ƙare da saki a shekarar 1949. Gottfried Lessing daga baya ya zama jakadan Jamus ta Gabas a Uganda . An kashe shi a cikin tawaye a shekarata 1979 akan Idi Amin Dada .

 
Doris Lessing

Ta tafi Landan don ci gaba da aikinta na rubutu da manufofin gurguzu. Lessing ta bar yara ƙanana biyu tare da mahaifinsu a Afirka ta Kudu. peter, daga aurenta na biyu, ya tafi tare da ita. Daga baya ta ce tana tunanin ba ta da zabi a wannan lokacin. Ta ji ta yi iyakacin abin da za ta iya kuma ba ita ce mafi kyawun mutumin da za ta yi renon yaran ba. Da za ta yi takaici matuka kamar yadda mahaifiyarta ta kasance saboda yana da mahimmanci mace mai hankali ta ciyar da duk lokacinta tare da yara ƙanana.

Amsoshi gyara sashe

 
Doris Lessing

Babbar tarin rubuce -rubucen Lessing yana a Cibiyar Bincike ta 'Yan Adam ta Harry Ransom, a Jami'ar Texas a Austin . Akwai akwatuna 45 na kayan Lessing a Cibiyar Ransom waɗanda ke ɗauke da kusan duk rubutattun rubutunta da rubutunta har zuwa 1999. Lessing ba ta riƙe ko ɗaya daga cikin ainihin rubutunta na farko ba. Sauran cibiyoyi, gami da ɗakin karatu na McFarlin a Jami'ar Tulsa, suna ɗaukar ƙaramin tarin.

Mutuwa gyara sashe

A ƙarshen shekarun 1990, Lessing ya gamu da bugun jini wanda ya hana ta yin balaguro a shekarun baya kuma ya mai da hankalinta kan mutuwa. Lessing ta mutu a ranar 17 ga Nuwamba 2013 a gidanta da ke Landan, tana da shekara 94. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Kyaututtuka gyara sashe

  • Kyautar Somerset Maugham (1954)
  • Prix Médicis étranger (1976)
  • Kyautar Jihar Austriya don Adabin Turai (1981)
  • Alfred Toepfer Stiftung FVS, Hamburg (1982)
  • WH Smith Literary Award (1986)
  • Kyautar Palermo (1987)
  • Premio Internazionale Mondello (1987)
  • Premio Grinzane Cavour (1989)
  • James Tait Black Memorial Prize don tarihin rayuwa (1995)
  • Kyautar Littafin Los Angeles Times (1995)
  • Premium Internalional Catalunya (1999)
  • Umarnin Sahabban Daraja (1999)
  • Abokin Adabi na Royal Society of Literature (2000)
  • Kyautar David Cohen (2001)
  • Premio Príncipe de Asturias (2001)
  • Kyautar ST Dupont Golden PEN (2002)
  • Lambar Nobel a Adabi (2007)

Ayyuka gyara sashe

Novels
  • The Grass is Singing (1950)
  • Retreat to Innocence (1956)
  • The Golden Notebook (1962)
  • Briefing for a Descent into Hell (1971)
  • The Summer Before the Dark (1973)
  • Memoirs of a Survivor (1974)
  • The Diary of a Good Neighbour (as Jane Somers, 1983)
  • If the Old Could... (as Jane Somers, 1984)
  • The Good Terrorist (1985)
  • The Fifth Child (1988)
  • Love, Again (1996)
  • Mara and Dann (1999)
  • Ben, in the World (2000) – sequel to The Fifth Child
  • The Sweetest Dream (2001)
  • The Story of General Dann and Mara's Daughter, Griot and the Snow Dog (2005) – sequel to Mara and Dann
  • The Cleft (2007)
  • Alfred and Emily (2008)
The Children of Violence series
  • Martha Quest (1952)
  • A Proper Marriage (1954)
  • A Ripple from the Storm (1958)
  • Landlocked (1965)
  • The Four-Gated City (1969)
Canopus in Argos: Archives series
  • Shikasta (1979)
  • The Marriages Between Zones Three, Four and Five (1980)
  • The Sirian Experiments (1980)
  • The Making of the Representative for Planet 8 (1982)
  • The Sentimental Agents in the Volyen Empire (1983)
Opera libretti
  • The Making of the Representative for Planet 8 (opera)|The Making of the Representative for Planet 8 (music by Philip Glass, 1986)
  • The Marriages Between Zones Three, Four and Five (music by Philip Glass, 1997)
Comics
  • Playing the Game (graphic novel illustrated by Charlie Adlard, 1995)
Drama
  • Each His Own Wilderness (three plays, 1959)
  • Play with a Tiger (1962)
Poetry
  • Fourteen Poems (1959)
  • The Wolf People - INPOPA Anthology 2002 (poems by Lessing, Robert Twigger and T.H. Benson, 2002)

Short story collections
  • Five Short Novels (1953)
  • The Habit of Loving (1957)
  • A Man and Two Women (1963)
  • African Stories (1964)
  • Winter in July (1966)
  • The Black Madonna (1966)
  • The Story of a Non-Marrying Man (1972)
  • This Was the Old Chief's Country: Collected African Stories, Vol. 1 (1973)
  • The Sun Between Their Feet: Collected African Stories, Vol. 2 (1973)
  • To Room Nineteen: Collected Stories, Vol. 1 (1978)
  • The Temptation of Jack Orkney: Collected Stories, Vol. 2 (1978)
  • Through the Tunnel (1990)
  • London Observed: Stories and Sketches (1992)
  • The Real Thing: Stories and Sketches (1992)
  • Spies I Have Known (1995)
  • The Pit (1996)
  • The Grandmothers: Four Short Novels (2003)
Cat Tales
  • Particularly Cats (stories and nonfiction, 1967)
  • Particularly Cats and Rufus the Survivor (stories and nonfiction, 1993)
  • The Old Age of El Magnifico (stories and nonfiction, 2000)
  • On Cats (2002) – omnibus edition containing the above three books
Autobiography and memoirs
Other nonfiction
  • In Pursuit of the English (1960)
  • Prisons We Choose to Live Inside (essays, 1987)
  • The Wind Blows Away Our Words (1987)
  • A Small Personal Voice (essays, 1994)
  • Conversations (interviews, edited by Earl G. Ingersoll, 1994)
  • Putting the Questions Differently (interviews, edited by Earl G. Ingersoll, 1996)
  • Time Bites (essays, 2004)
  • On Not Winning the Nobel Prize (Nobel Lecture, 2007, published 2008)

Nassoshi gyara sashe

 

  1. Carol Simpson Stern. Doris Lessing Biography. biography.jrank.org. Retrieved on 11 October 2007.
  2. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named scifirefa
  3. 'Doris Lessing Dies Age 94' The Guardian, 17 November 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2013
  4. BBC News: Author Doris Lessing dies aged 94 (accessed 17 November 2013)
  5. Doris Lessing: A Retrospective: Biography (accessed 17 November 2013)
  6. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Verongos
  7. The Telegraph: Doris Lessing, Nobel Prize-winning author dies at 94 (accessed 17 November 2013)