Wikipedia

Kira Muratova

Kira Georgievna Muratova ( Russian: Кира Георгиевна Муратова  ; 'yar Roma ce; Ukraine  ; née Korotkova, 5 Nuwamba 1934 - 6 Yuni 2018 [1] [2] ) ɗan Soviet ne - Ukrainian [3] [4] daraktan fim ɗin da ya ci lambar yabo, marubucin allo kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na zuriyar Romanian/Yahudanci, sananne ga salon shugabanci nata da ba a saba gani ba. Fina-finan Muratova sun yi ta yin katsalandan a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, duk da haka Muratova ya sami nasarar fitowa a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan mutane a cikin fina-finan Rasha na zamani kuma ya sami damar gina aikin fim mai nasara daga 1960s gaba. [5] Muratova, tare da Nikita Mikhalkov, Vadim Abdrashitov, Aleksandr Sokurov, Aleksei Jamus, da Aleksei Balabanov ana ganin su ne manyan masu shirya fina-finai na Rasha waɗanda suka fuskanci rugujewar Tarayyar Soviet duk da haka sun sami nasarar ci gaba da aikinsu na fim daga farkon shekarun 1990 zuwa gaba. [6]

Kira Muratova
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna Кіра Георгіївна Короткова
Haihuwa Soroca (en) Fassara, 5 Nuwamba, 1934
ƙasa Kingdom of Romania (en) Fassara
Kungiyar Sobiyet
Ukraniya
Mazauni Odesa (en) Fassara
Mutuwa Odesa (en) Fassara, 6 ga Yuni, 2018
Makwanci Tairovske cemetery (en) Fassara
Yanayin mutuwa  (Bugun jini)
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifiya Natalia Isaakovna Scurtu
Abokiyar zama Oleksandr Muratov (en) Fassara
Karatu
Makaranta Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography (en) Fassara 1959)
Harsuna Rashanci
Sana'a
Sana'a darakta, marubin wasannin kwaykwayo, ɗan wasan kwaikwayo da jarumi
Wurin aiki Odesa (en) Fassara
Employers Studiyon fim na Odesa
Kyaututtuka
Mamba National Union of Cinematographers of Ukraine (en) Fassara
IMDb nm0613645
Master Class Muratova Fest
Year Title (Original) Title (English) Director Writer Actress Notes
1961 У Крутого Яра By the Steep Ravine Yes Yes With Aleksandr Muratov
1964 Наш честный хлеб Our Honest Bread Yes as Agapa With Aleksandr Muratov
1967 Короткие встречи Brief Encounters Yes Yes as Valentina Ivanovna
1971 Долгие проводы The Long Farewell Yes
1972 Россия Russia Documentary; with Theodore Holcomb
1978 Познавая белый свет Getting to Know the Big, Wide World Yes Yes
1983 Среди серых камней Among Grey Stones Yes Renounced by Muratova after major political censorship (credited to "Ivan Sidorov" )
1987 Перемена участи Change of Fate Yes Yes
1989 Астенический синдром The Asthenic Syndrome Yes Yes
1992 Чувствительный милиционер The Sentimental Policeman Yes Yes
1994 Увлеченья Passions Yes
1997 Три истории Three Stories Yes
1999 Письмо в Америку Letter to America Yes Short
2001 Второстепенные люди Minor People Yes Yes
2002 Чеховские мотивы Chekhov's Motifs Yes Yes
2004 Настройщик The Tuner Yes Yes
2005 Справка Certification Yes Short
2006 Кукла Dummy Yes Short
2007 Два в одном Two in One Yes
2009 Мелодия для шарманки Melody for a Street-organ Yes Yes
2012 Вечное возвращение Eternal Return Yes Yes
Kira Muratova




</br>
Mutane Artist na Ukraine
Romanian : Kira Gueórguievna Muratova
</img>
Kira Muratova a 2006
Haihuwa
Kira Gueórguievna Korotkova




</br> ( 1934-11-05 ) 5 Nuwamba 1934



</br>
Soroca, Masarautar Romania



</br> (Yanzu Moldova )
Ya mutu 6 Yuni 2018 (2018-06-06) (shekaru 83)



</br>
Odessa, Ukraine
Sana'a Daraktan fim



</br> Marubucin allo



</br> Yar wasan kwaikwayo 		Shekaru aiki 1961-2018

An kwatanta ayyukanta a matsayin mai yiyuwa 'daya daga cikin fitattun fitattun fina-finai na fina-finai na duniya.'

Muratova ta shafe yawancin ayyukanta na fasaha a Odessa, inda ya kirkiro mafi yawan fina-finanta a Odesa Film Studios .

Tarihin Rayuwa

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Rayuwar farko da aiki

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An haifi Kira Korotkova a cikin shekara ta 1934 a Soroca, Romania ( Moldova a yau) ga mahaifin Rasha [7] da mahaifiyar Romania (an asalin Bayahude Bessarabian ). [8] [9] [10] Iyayenta duka ƴan gurguzu ne kuma membobin Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci . Mahaifinta, Yuri Korotkov, ya shiga cikin gwagwarmayar gwagwarmayar fascist a yakin duniya na biyu, sojojin Romania sun kama su kuma suka harbe bayan tambayoyi. Bayan yakin, Kira ta zauna a Bucharest tare da mahaifiyarta, likitan mata, wanda ya bi aikin gwamnati a cikin Socialist Romania .

 
Kira Muratova

A 1959, Kira ta kammala karatun ta daga Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography a Moscow, qware a cikin shiryarwa. Bayan kammala karatun Korotkova ya sami matsayi na darekta tare da Odessa Film Studio a Odessa, tashar tashar jiragen ruwa a Bahar Black kusa da 'yar asalinta Bessarabia . Ta ba da umarnin fim ɗin ƙwararrunta na farko a cikin 1961 kuma ta yi aiki tare da ɗakin studio har sai da rikici ya sa ta koma Leningrad a 1978. A can ta yi fim daya tare da Lenfilm Studio, amma daga baya ya koma Odessa. Fina-finan Muratova sun kasance ƙarƙashin zargi akai-akai ga jami'an Soviet saboda yaren fim ɗinta na wauta wanda bai bi ka'idodin gurguzanci ba. Masanin fina-finai Isa Willinger ya kwatanta tsarin fim na Muratova da Soviet Avant-garde, musamman ga Eisenstein na abubuwan jan hankali. Sau da yawa an dakatar da Muratova daga yin aiki a matsayin darekta na tsawon shekaru a kowane lokaci.

Kira ta auri 'yar'uwarta darektan studiyo na Odessa wato Oleksandr Muratov a farkon shekarun 1960 kuma ta hada fina-finai da yawa tare da shi. Ma'auratan suna da 'yar, Marianna, amma nan da nan suka sake aure kuma Muratov ya koma Kiev inda ya fara aiki tare da Dovzhenko Film Studios . Kira Muratova ta kiyaye sunan tsohon mijinta duk da aurenta da mai zane na Leningrad kuma mai tsarawa Evgeny Golubenko.

Bayan zamanin Soviet

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A cikin 1990s, lokaci mai mahimmanci yazo wa Muratova a lokacin da ta daukar sabon fim bayan kowane shekaru biyu ko uku, sau da yawa tana aiki tare da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo da ma'aikatan jirgin. Aikinta The Asthenic Syndrome (1989) an kwatanta shi a matsayin 'babban aikin banza' kuma shine kawai fim ɗin da aka dakatar (saboda tsiraici na maza da mata) a lokacin Tarayyar Soviet perestroika . Sauran fina-finan nata da aka fitar a wannan lokacin sun hada da misali, The Sentimental Policeman (1992), Passions (1994), Three Stories (1997) da kuma gajeren wasiƙa (1999) zuwa Amurka.

'Yan wasan kwaikwayo biyu Muratova take fito dasu acikin shirye-shirye su ne Renata Litvinova da Natalya Buzko . Muratova ta fina-finan yawanci productions na Ukraine ko co-productions tsakanin Ukraine da kuma Rasha, ko da yaushe a cikin Rasha harshen, ko da yake Muratova iya magana da Ukrainian kuma bai ƙin Ukrainianization na Ukrainian cinema. [11] Muratova ya goyi bayan masu zanga-zangar Euromaidan da juyin juya halin Ukrainian na 2014 masu zuwa. [12]

An gabatar da fina-finan Muratova a Bikin Fina-Finai na Duniya a Berlin (1990, 1997), Cannes, Moscow, Rome, Venice da dai sauransu.

Kusa da Aleksandr Sokurov, An dauki Muratova a matsayin darektan fina-finai na harshen Rashanci na zamani. Ana iya ganin ayyukanta a matsayin postmodern, yin amfani da eclecticism, parody, gyare-gyare na dakatarwa, rugujewar labari da ƙwaƙƙwaran gani da sauti, da 'ɗaucin ɓacin rai da ke nuna tashin hankali, rashin ƙauna, al'umma mara kyau. A cikin fim dinta, Labari Uku, ta bincika 'mugunta an ɓoye a cikin wani kyakkyawan harsashi marar laifi, kuma gawawwakin sun zama wani ɓangare na kayan ado.' Ta kasance mai sha'awar Sergei Parajanov kuma ta mayar da hankali kan 'ornamentalism' an kwatanta shi da nasa kuma ya kasance mai adawa da gaskiya, tare da 'maimaitawa yana ba da siffar kowane yiwuwar', tare da fim ɗin ta na ƙarshe, Maɗaukaki Gida mai kyau game da cinema kanta ba ta ƙare ba. kamar a ce 'spool of cinema ta ci gaba da zare da ƙwanƙwasa, zare da ƙwanƙwasa'. [13]

Nadi da kyaututtuka

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Sai kawai a lokacin gasar Perestroyka ne Muratova ta sami karbuwa ga jama'a da kuma lambar yabo ta farko. A cikin 1988, bikin fina-finai na mata na duniya Créteil (Faransa) ya nuna na farko game da ayyukanta. Fim ɗinta Daga cikin Grey Stones an nuna shi a cikin sashin Un Certain Regard a 1988 Cannes Film Festival .

A cikin shekara ta 1990, Fim ɗinta na Asthenic Syndrome ya lashe kyautar Silver Bear Jury Grand Prix a Berlinale . A cikin 1994, an ba ta lambar yabo ta Leopard of Honor don rayuwarta oeuvre a Locarno International Film Festival (Switzerland) kuma a cikin 2000, an ba ta kyautar Andrzej Wajda Freedom Award. A cikin 1997, an shigar da fim ɗinta Labaru Uku a cikin Bikin Fina-Finan Duniya na Berlin na 47 .

Fim ɗinta na shekara ta2002 Chekhov's Motifs an shigar dashi cikin bikin fina-finai na duniya na Moscow na 24th na Moscow An nuna fim ɗinta The Tuner a bikin Fim na Venice a 2004. Fina-finan nata sun sami lambar yabo ta "Nika" ta Rasha a 1991, 1995, 2005, 2007, 2009 da 2013. A cikin 2005, an nuna wani bita a Cibiyar Lincoln a Birnin New York. A cikin 2013, an nuna cikakken kallon fina-finanta a bikin Fim na Duniya na Rotterdam . [14]

  • Order of Prince Yaroslav mai hikima
  • Order of Friendly
  • Mutane Artist na Ukraine
  • 1993 Shevchenko National Prize

An yi watsi da ayyukanta a bisa kuskure a cikin darussan Nazarin Fim ko kuma a cikin tattaunawa kan 'manyan masu shirya fina-finai na kowane lokaci' a cewar mai sukar fina-finai na kwanan nan, Bianca Garner.

 
Muratova a shekara ta 2010 yana gudanar da karatunsa na sirri a Odessa International Film Festival .

Fina-finai

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Year Title (Original) Title (English) Director Writer Actress Notes
1961 У Крутого Яра By the Steep Ravine Yes Yes With Aleksandr Muratov
1964 Наш честный хлеб Our Honest Bread Yes as Agapa With Aleksandr Muratov
1967 Короткие встречи Brief Encounters Yes Yes as Valentina Ivanovna
1971 Долгие проводы The Long Farewell Yes
1972 Россия Russia Documentary; with Theodore Holcomb
1978 Познавая белый свет Getting to Know the Big, Wide World Yes Yes
1983 Среди серых камней Among Grey Stones Yes Renounced by Muratova after major political censorship (credited to "Ivan Sidorov" )
1987 Перемена участи Change of Fate Yes Yes
1989 Астенический синдром The Asthenic Syndrome Yes Yes
1992 Чувствительный милиционер The Sentimental Policeman Yes Yes
1994 Увлеченья Passions Yes
1997 Три истории Three Stories Yes
1999 Письмо в Америку Letter to America Yes Short
2001 Второстепенные люди Minor People Yes Yes
2002 Чеховские мотивы Chekhov's Motifs Yes Yes
2004 Настройщик The Tuner Yes Yes
2005 Справка Certification Yes Short
2006 Кукла Dummy Yes Short
2007 Два в одном Two in One Yes
2009 Мелодия для шарманки Melody for a Street-organ Yes Yes
2012 Вечное возвращение Eternal Return Yes Yes

Littattafai

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A kan wani yunƙuri na majiɓincin fasaha Yuri Komelkov, Atlant UMC ya buga wani kundi a kan aikin Kira Muratova. A cikin wannan kundin, marubucin hotuna, Konstantin Donin, ya tsare kansa a cikin firam ɗin fim ɗin, yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto na allo na fim ɗin Biyu-in-one . [15]

A cikin shekara ta 2005, IB Tauris ya buga wani bincike kan rayuwa da aikin Muratova a cikin jerin Sahabbai na KINOfiles Filmmakers.

Duba kuma

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Manazarta

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  1. ↑ Умерла Кира Муратова
  2. ↑ Kira Muratova, Renowned Ukrainian Director, Dies at 83
  3. ↑ Taubman, Jane A. “The Cinema of Kira Muratova.” The Russian Review, vol. 52, no. 3, 1993, pp. 367–381.
  4. ↑ Roberts, Graham. (1999). The Meaning of Death: Kira Muratova's Cinema of the Absurd. // B. Beumers (Ed.). Russia on Reels: The Russian Idea in Post-Soviet Cinema. London: I.B.Tauris. 220 p.: pp. 144–160.
  5. ↑ Muratova, Kira 1934-2018 (Kira Georgievna Korotkova). encyclopedia.com. 2018
  6. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named muratova_recent.russian.cinema
  7. ↑ "Jonathan Rosenbaum". Archived from the original on 2017-12-11. Retrieved 2022-03-08.
  8. ↑ Kira Muratova. The More Things Change .... filmmuseum.at/en/. 2019
  9. ↑ Illegal Communist Movement in Prewar Romania: Natalia Reznic Korotkova (1906–1981).
  10. ↑ Viața și moartea unui comunist basarabean Iuri Korotkov, tatăl Kirei Muratova
  11. ↑ Більше читайте тут: https://tsn.ua/glamur/rezhiser-kira-muratova-ya-na-boci-cogo-narodu-ya-z-maydanom-341183.html
  12. ↑ Більше читайте тут: https://tsn.ua/glamur/rezhiser-kira-muratova-ya-na-boci-cogo-narodu-ya-z-maydanom-341183.html
  13. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :2
  14. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :0
  15. ↑ #Literature.

Adabi

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  • Donin [Донин, К. A.]. Кадр за кадром: Кира Муратова. Хроника одного фильма. К.: ООО «Атлант-ЮЭми», 2007. 119 с. . (in Russian)

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

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Samfuri:1993 Shevchenko National Prize

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