Estella Hijmans-Hertzveld
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Estella Dorothea Salomea Hijmans-Hertzveld (14 Yuli 1837 - 4 Nuwamba 1881) mawaƙiya ce, mai fassara, kuma mai fafutuka.Tun tana ƙarama, waƙoƙinta, galibi akan jigogin Littafi Mai Tsarki da na tarihi, suna fitowa akai-akai a cikin mujallun adabi masu daraja.[1] akai-akai,aikinta ya kuma yi magana game da al'amuran zamantakewa na zamani, ciki har da kawar da bauta,'yantar da Yahudawa, da adawa da yaki. An buga tarin fitattun waqoqinta mai suna Gedichten ('Wa}o}i), makonni da yawa kafin rasuwarta a shekara ta 1881.[2]
 Estella Hijmans-Hertzveld | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rayuwa | |
| Cikakken suna | Estella Dorothea Salomea Hertzveld |
| Haihuwa | Hague, 14 ga Yuli, 1837 |
| ƙasa |
Kingdom of the Netherlands (en)  |
| Mutuwa |
Arnhem (en) , 4 Nuwamba, 1881 |
| Yanayin mutuwa | Sababi na ainihi (Tarin fuka) |
| Ƴan uwa | |
| Yara |
view
|
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a | maiwaƙe, mai aikin fassara, marubuci da Mai kare hakkin mata |
| Wurin aiki |
Arnhem (en) |
 | |
Tarihin Rayuwa
gyara sasheRayuwar farko
gyara sasheAn haifi Estella Hertzveld a Hague a cikin shekarar 1837 ga Devora Elka far( farknée Halberstamm ) da Salomon Hartog Hertzveld, ɗan fari na yara shida. Mahaifinta babban ma'aikacin gwamnati ne kuma kwararre a fannin haraji a ma'aikatar kudi daga dangin mashahuran malamai; kakanta, Hartog Joshua Hertzveld,ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Rabbi[3] na Overijssel da Drenthe daga shekarun 1808 zuwa 1864.[4]
Hertzveld ta bambanta kanta tun tana ƙuruciyarta a matsayin marubuci mai hazaka kuma mawaƙi kuma mawaƙin Dutch Carel Godfried Withuys ya ba shi jagoranci. Sa’ad da take da shekara 14,ta shirya “Sauls Dood” ('Mutuwar Saul'), wadda ta fito a cikin Vaderlandsche Letteroefeningen .,sannan Withuys ya gyara shi, a cikin shekarar 1852. Mawaki Jacob van Gigh ne ya karanta rubutun ga babban yarda a taron Maatschappij tot Nut der Israëlieten ('Ƙungiyar don Amfanin Isra'ilawa'). Mai tuba Bayahude zuwa Kiristanci Abraham Capadose sadaukarwa ga Hertzveld fassarar 1853 na Leila Ada,Mai tuba Bayahude; a cikin wasiƙun jama'a ta nisanta kanta daga imanin Capadose.
Sana'a
gyara sasheBa da daɗewa ba wakokinta sun bayyana a kai a kai a cikin Israëlietische Jaarboekje ('Littafin Shekarar Isra'ila')da Almanak voor het scooone en goede ('Almanac for the Beautiful and Good'),musamman "Elias in de Woestijn"('Elias in the Desert').1853) da "Tocht der Israëlieten kofa de Roode zee" (' Tafiya na Jama'ar Yahudawa ta Bahar Maliya',1854).Daga baya za ta buga wakoki a cikin littattafan lokaci-lokaci Amora,Castalia,Vaderlandsche Letteroefeningen, Jaarboekje voor Tesselschade,da Jaarboekje voor Rederijkers.[5]
A lokaci guda,Hertzveld ya ƙware Jamusanci,Turanci, Faransanci,Danish,Norwegian,Italiyanci,da Ibrananci,kuma ya fara rubuta fassarar litattafai a cikin waɗannan harsuna.
Shahararru a cikin da'irar wallafe-wallafen Dutch,Hertzveld ya ci gaba da yin kusanci da sauran marubutan Dutch,ciki har da Geertruida Bosboom-Toussaint da Johannes Jan Cremer. An nemi ta sau da yawa don ba da gabatarwa a lokutan bukukuwa kuma ta rubuta waƙoƙin yabo don keɓe sabon gidan makaranta da sababbin majami'u a Hardenberg (1855) da Delft (1862).
Daga baya rayuwa
gyara sasheHertzveld ya auri Jacobus Hijmans,ɗan kasuwa mai nasara daga Veenendaal shekara ashirin da ɗaya babbanta,a Delft a ranar 16 ga watan Disamba 1863.[6] Bayan daurin auren,wanda Cif Rabbi Issachar Baer Berenstein ya jagoranta,su biyun suka zauna a Arnhem. Tare suna da 'ya'ya shida: Hannah van Biema-Hijmans (1864-1937),Dorothea Dina Estella (1865-1899),Hugo Siegfried Johan (1867-1944),Willem Dagobert George Marie (1868-1872), Leopold Maurits Bernard (1870-1904),da Mariath Sophia Elisabe (1871-1961).
Ta kafa kuma ta jagoranci kungiyar Arnhem na kungiyar kare hakkin mata ta Arbeid Adelt a shekara ta 1872,amma ta sauka bayan mutuwar danta Willem a wannan shekarar.
Bayan 'yan shekaru an gano ta tana da tarin fuka.Duk da haka,ta rubuta waƙa don kundin da aka gabatar wa Prince Hendrik a lokacin aurensa a lokacin rani na 1878,da kuma aya a cikin kundin waƙa don Sarauniya Emma a cikin wannan shekarar. Daga 1880 ta zauna a wani sanatorium a Reichenthal, Upper Austria.Da fatan mutuwa za ta zo, ta shirya tarin wakokinta da aka sadaukar domin ‘ya’yanta.An buga shi a ƙarƙashin taken Gedichten van Estella Hijmans-Hertzveld ('Waƙa ta Estella Hijmans-Hertzveld') ta surukinta George Belinfante a cikin watan Oktoba 1881. Ta rasu bayan 'yan makonni tana da shekaru 44.kuma an interred a Joodse begraafplaatsen (Wageningen) in Wageningen.
Aiki
gyara sashe Hertzveld ya haɗa “Esther” don tarin waƙoƙin Littafi Mai-Tsarki na Samuel Israel Mulder na 1854, da aikinta na 1856 “Het Gebed” ('Addu'ar') Abraham D.Delaville ne ya fassara shi zuwa Ibrananci. Don tallafawa mummunar ambaliyar ruwa a cikin 1855 da 1861 a duk faɗin Netherlands,ta buga "Allah redt" ('Allah Yana Ceci') da "Januari 1861" (Janairu 1861),bi da bi. A cikin 1863 Hertzveld ya rubuta waƙar waƙa ga Empress Maria Theresa ta Austria don tarin Historische vrouwen ('Matan Tarihi'). Waƙarta "De Priesterzegen" ('The Priestly Blessing',1853), wanda ke zana hanyar haɗi tsakanin firistoci na hidimar Haikali da hidima a cikin majami'ar ghetto,zane-zanen zanen Yahudawa na Yahudanci Maurits Léon da Eduard Frankfort.
Daga cikin wasu rubuce-rubucen,ta fassara daga Jamusanci Ludwig Philippson 's oratio Mose auf Nebo (1858),daga Turanci Grace Aguilar 's Sabbath Thoughts and Sacred Communings (1859),da jerin labaran Norwegian na Henrik Wergeland,wanda ya ba da shawarar budewa. na iyakar Norway da shige da fice na Yahudawa.
Waƙar da ta yi a baya ta kasance tana da alaƙa da fifikon ayyukan zamantakewa. Hertzveld ya hada da "Lied der negerin, een dag vóór de vrijheid" ('Waƙar Negro,Ranar Kafin 'Yanci') don bikin kawar da bauta a cikin yankunan Holland a 1863;"Stemmen en zangen" ('Voices and Chants'),yana nuna rashin amincewa da mamayewar Prussian na Schleswig-Holstein a 1864,kwafin da mahaifinta ya ba wa Hans Christian Andersen a ziyararsa ta biyu a Netherlands a 1866; da "Het triomflied der beschaving" ('The Triumphant Song of Civilisation'),yana yin Allah wadai da mugunyar yaƙi,a cikin shekara ta 1866.
Wakokin Hertzveld "Poezie" ('Shaya'a'),"De laatste der Barden" ('The Last of the Bards'),"Abd-el-Kader" (' Abdelkader '),da "Het triomflied der beschaving" an nuna su a ciki.Jan Pieter de Keyser's Adabin Dutch a cikin karni na sha tara da waƙar "Abram" a cikin Samuel Johannes van den Bergh 's Bloemlezing der poëzie van Nederlandse dichteressen.[7]
Manazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ Rietveld-van Wingerden, Marjoke; Bakker, Nelleke (2004). "Education and the Emancipation of Jewish Girls in the Nineteenth Century: The Case of the Netherlands". History of Education Quarterly. 44 (2): 215. doi:10.1111/j.1748-5959.2004.tb00161.x. JSTOR 3218280. S2CID 144524926.
- ↑ Singer, Isidore; Kayserling, Meyer (1904). "Hertzveld, Estella Dorothea Salomea". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 365.
- ↑ Wijnberg-Stroz, Joep (1993). Een dichteres in de familie! Estella Hertzveld (1837–1881); een Nederlandse joodse vrouw als vroeg voorbeeld van acculturatie [A Poet in the Family! Estella Hertzveld (1837–1881); A Dutch Jewish Woman as an Early Example of Acculturation] (Thesis) (in Dutch). Voorschoten. OCLC 68078186.
- ↑ Jensen, Lotte (2019). "Estella Dorothea Salomea Hertzveld, 1837–1881". Vertalerslexicon voor het Nederlandstalig gebied (in Dutch). doi:10.33612/lex.6017db8d79cf1. S2CID 239063384. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
- ↑ Van Biema, E. (1911). "Hymans-Hertzveld, Estella Dorothea Salomea". In Molhuysen, P. C.; Blok, P. J.; Kossmann, F. K. H. (eds.). Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (in Dutch). Leiden: A. W. Sijthoff. pp. 1193–1194.
- ↑ Belinfante, G. (12 November 1881). "Estella Hijmans-Hertzveld". De Nederlandsche Spectator (in Dutch) (46): 400–402.
- ↑ De Keyser, Jan Pieter (1877). Neerlands letterkunde in de negentiende eeuw [Dutch Literature in the Nineteenth Century] (in Dutch). Vol. 2. The Hague: D. A. Thieme. pp. 901–906.