Tutar Biafra
Tutar kasar Biafra,wadda Jamhuriyar Biafra ke amfani da ita a lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya (1967-1970),ta kunshi kalar ja,da baki,da kore a kwance,wanda ke dauke da fitowar rana ta zinare a kan wata sandar zinari.Hasken rana na goma sha ɗaya na wakiltar larduna goma sha ɗaya na tsohuwar lardunan Biafra.Haskokin suna yawanci tsayi da siriri tare da mafi ƙarancin haskoki suna kusan a kwance kuma sauran haskoki suna bazuwa tsakani.
Asalin gyara sashe
An fara daga tutar ne a ranar 30 ga Mayun 1967 kuma ta yi fice a lokacin da Kanar Odumegwu-Ojukwu ya ayyana ‘yancin kai na Gwamnatin Biafra.
Ana ɗaukar launukan tutar Biafra kai tsaye daga asalin rigar yaƙin yankin Gabas 1960-67,wanda kuma ya haɗa da rana ta zinare mai haskoki 11 don wakiltar lardunan tsohon yankin.Tuta dai na da salo irin na tsohon yankin Arewaci da yammacin Najeriya,wadanda duk sun hada da rigar rigar tasu a tsakiyar tutar Najeriya .[1]Tufafin yankin Gabas ya dogara ne akan launukan tutar Pan-African da Ƙungiyar Inganta Negro ta Duniya ta Marcus Garvey da Ƙungiyar Al'ummomin Afirka suka tsara.Don haka,tutar Biafra tana kama da sauran tutoci waɗanda kuma suka yi amfani da launukan Pan-African ciki har da ƙasashen gabashin Afirka kamar Kenya da Malawi .Haka kuma shi ne zaburar da tutar jamhuriyar Benin mai kankanin lokaci,wadda ta kunshi yankin Mid-Western da ta mamaye yankin Biafra.
A yau ana ganin wadannan launukan suna wakiltar: Ja ga jinin ‘yan Biafra da suka mutu a lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya,da yunwa a lokacin yakin,da kuma wadanda suka mutu kafin faruwar hakan a cikin ‘yan kabilar Ibo a yankin Arewa.Bakar fata ce ta zaman makokin wadanda suka mutu,yayin da kore da zinari ke wakiltar wadata da kyakkyawar makoma ga ‘yan Biafra.Rabin rana tare da haskoki goma sha ɗaya ya zama wani muhimmin ɓangare na hoton al'ummar Igbo kuma galibi ana amfani da shi don wakiltar girman kabilanci ko yanki.
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Tun bayan da Najeriya ta koma kan turbar dimokuradiyya a shekarar 1999,bayan shafe shekaru da dama na mulkin soja,lamarin ya zo daidai da bukatuwar da 'yan kabilar Igbo ke yi na neman 'yancin kai da kuma fafutukar neman kafa kasar Biafra.Gwamnatin Najeriyar dai na daukar masu fafutukar neman kafa kasar Biafra a matsayin barazana ta tsaro da kuma yunkurin murkushe zanga-zangar neman yancin kai da suka hada da haramta tutar kasar Biafra.[2] Wannan haramcin yana da wahalar aiwatar da cikakken aiki saboda yanayin yanki na Biafra,tare da tushen tallafin ya ta'allaka ne a Kudu maso Gabashin Najeriya.A yawancin garuruwan Igbo irin su Aba, Onitsha,Nnewi,Umuahia, Enugu, Asaba, Nsukka, Umuahia, Abakiliki, Owerri da Awka,ana iya ganin tutar kasar Biafra a kai a kai tana shawagi akan gine-gine, motocin safa, da tuta.[3]'Yan sanda suna sauke wadannan tutoci akai-akai a lokacin da suke kai samame,musamman ma a kusa da ranar tunawa da Biafra a ranar 30 ga Mayu. Sau da yawa ana maye gurbin tutoci nan da nan wanda ke nuna cewa ba za a iya aiwatar da haramcin gaba ɗaya ba, yana mai da doka ta dogara ga aiwatar da zaɓi.