Harshen Yalunka
Yalunka (wanda aka rubuta ''''Dialonke'''', Jalonke, Kjalonke, Dyalonké, Djallonké, ko Dialonké) shine harshen Mutanen Yalunka na Guinea, Saliyo, Mali, da Senegal a Yammacin Afirka. Yana cikin dangin yaren Mande. Yalunka yana [2] alaƙa da yaren Susu.
| Harshen Yalunka | |
|---|---|
| |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
yal |
| Glottolog |
yalu1240[1] |
Abubuwan da ke tattare da harshe
gyara sasheHarshen Yalunka a Guinea ya fi dacewa da tsari fiye da sauran harsuna da yawa. Akwai ƙarancin ƙira wanda ke nuna aikin nahawu na kalma ko buƙatun yarjejeniya tsakanin kalmomi a cikin jumla. Akwai ɗan ƙaramin yanayin halittar kuma ƙananan ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa ne kawai. Babu dogon Haɗuwa na kalmomin aikatau. Maimakon haka, harshe ya dogara da tsari na sashi don bayyana aikin nahawu na kowane kalma. [3] wannan dalili, ra'ayin harshe na ramuka a cikin sashi da tsarin magana yana da tasiri a cikin bayanin yaren Yalunka.
Tsarin sashe na harshen Yalunka shine ainihin jerin ramummuka. Akwai yuwuwar haɗawa da lafazin lokaci a farkon sashe. Lallai akwai jigon suna sai dai a yanayin gine-gine masu mahimmanci . Sannan akwai yuwuwar adverb na ciki daga baya sai alamar alama ta zaɓin ta bayyana. Don kalmomi masu wucewa, abu kai tsaye zai iya bayyana bayan alamar yanayin wanda fi'ili ke biye da shi. Kalmar fi’ili ita ce ƙaramar furucin harshen Yalunka, misali /siga/</link> ' . Ana iya haɗa kalmar ta zaɓin tare da kari wanda yawanci ba ya faruwa tare da alamar alamar (sai dai tare da /yi/</link> ). Bayan fi'ili akwai nau'i-nau'i daban-daban guda biyu, daya yana faruwa kafin da kuma daya bayan /nɛn/ wanda wani barbashi ne da aka lullube cikin ma'auni mai daraja. Waɗancan abubuwan da ke faruwa kafin /nɛn/</link> suna da alaƙa da ma'anar fi'ili da kuma gyara ta, yayin da waɗanda ke kan haƙƙin /nɛn/</link> su ne matsayi na matsayi, matsayi na lokaci, da maganganu. Suna zuwa a cikin wannan tsari. Bayan obliques akwai wani ɗan ƙaramin abu mai rauni /nun/</link> kuma a ƙarshe duka nau'ikan alamomi masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke ɗauke da sauti mafi girma fiye da kalmomin da suka gabata a cikin jumlar. Duk nau'ikan sai dai fi'ili na zaɓi ne.
Alamun fasalin, Verb Suffixes, da Verbs
gyara sasheAkwai alamomi da yawa da kalmomin aikatau waɗanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gyarawa da cancantar ma'anar aikatau. A cikin Yalunka, kamar yadda yake a wasu harsunan Mande na arewa maso yamma, mutum ba ya magana game da "tens" na lokaci kamar "fasters" na aikatau kamar ko aikin ya "yi" ko "ba a cika ba. " Sauran fasalulluka da ke da alaƙa da alamun ma'ana da ma'anar aikatau sune ko aikin yana cikin mahallin nan da nan kuma ko aikin na gaskiya ne (idan ɓangaren sashi yana magana ne game da ayyukan da ba su faru a zahiri ba, wannan fasalin an bayyana shi a matsayin "marar gaskiya").
Alamun Yanayi
gyara sashe- /xa/
- Wannan alamar alama tana nuna cewa ana so ko kuma an ba da izinin aikin aikatau.
- /nama/
- Wannan alamar alama tana aiki don samar da mummunan abu.
Manazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Yalunka". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Pruett, Greg. "Yalunka Language Dictionary with Definitions in Susu, French, and English". https://www.academia.edu/44535883/Yalunka_Dictionary_with_Definitions_in_Susu_French_and_English.
- ↑ Pruett, Gregory. "A Linguistic Analysis of the Yalunka Language." https://www.academia.edu/7585583/A_Linguistic_Analysis_of_the_Yalunka_Language Academia.edu. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 July 2014.