Akunakuna kabilu ne na Najeriya da Kamaru, suna da kusanci sosai da mutanen Efik, Bahumono da Ibibio, galibinsu mazaunan yankin kewayen jihar Cross River ne. Alkalumman kwanan nan sun nuna akwai sama da kimanin mutanen asalin Akunakuna dubu ɗari uku da hamsin.[1][2]

Akunakuna
Yankin Kuros Riba inda mutanen Akunakuna suke rayuwa (har zuwa shekarar 1885)

Suna gyara sashe

Kalmar Inyamuranci akwünaakwüna, dake nufin muhalli na farko ga mutanen Akunakuna suke rayuwa, an kuma canza shi izuwa Akunakuna.[3] Wannan lakabin ba ta da alaka da ainihin abin da mutanen Akunakuna ke kiran kansu da a harshen Gwune, agwaGwunɛ, kodayake, suna da dangantaka. A cewar littafin "New Dimensions in African Linguistics" and Languages, A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya, an ɗauke mata masu aure da marasa aure don yin aiki a filayen yakin a Yammacin Afirka da kuma yakunan ƙasashen Iyamurai a matsayin masu girke-girke da kuma nishadantar da sojoji. Tun daga wannan lokacin, kalmar akwüna, taqaitaccen daga akwünaakwüna, tana nufin karuwanci. Ana iya rubuta kalmar akunakuna a madadinsa kamar Agwa'agune,[4] Akuraakura, ko Akura: kura.[5]

Tarihi gyara sashe

A cikin shekara ta 1846, Umon sun kai hari kan wasu jiragen ruwa na mutanen Akunakuna a kan rafin Cross River wadanda suka fita don yin fatauci da Efik, wadanda a baya suke cinikin kayan alatu na Turai.[6] Mutanen Akunakuna sunyi amfani dashi a matsayin tsokana wanda ya jawo yaƙi tsakaninsu da Umon. Duk da cewa yakin ya dauki shekaru, amma Akunakuna daga karshe sunyi rashin nasara. A karkashin tattaunawar Efik, sakamakon ya kasance kamar haka, Akunakuna dole ne su biya harajin shekara shekara ga sarkin Umon, a sakamakon "kiyaye zaman lafiya a kogin".[7] A cikin 1888, an rubuta wata yarjejeniya tare da shuwagabannin Akunakuna wanda ke ba kasar Burtaniya cikakken ikon mallakar ƙasan.[8]

Manazarta gyara sashe

  1. Akunakuna - Oxford Reference". Retrieved 2017-07-19.
  2. Appiah, Kwame Anthony and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Africana, 1st edition. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 08033994793.ABA.
  3. "Kotey, Paul (1999). New Dimensions in African Linguistics and Languages. Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press Inc. p. 297. ISBN 0-86543-664-9.
  4. "Dalby, David (1969). African Language Review, Volume 4. London: Routledge Publishing Group. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-714-62332-0.
  5. "Dalby, David (1969). African Language Review, Volume 4. London: Routledge Publishing Group. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-714-62332-0.
  6. "Transactions. Ghana: Historical Society of Ghana. 1972. p. 28.
  7. Afigbo, Adiele (2005). Nigerian History, Politics and Affairs: The Collected Essays of Adiele Afigbo. Asmara, Eritrea: Africa World Press Inc. p. 163. ISBN 1-59221-324-3.
  8. Parliamentary Papers, Volume 74. London: The Parliament of Great Britain. 1888. p. 97.