Yaren Mende
Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.Mende / ˈ mɛndi / [ 1 [2] ( Mɛnde yia ) babban harshe ne na Saliyo, tare da wasu masu magana a makwabciyarta Laberiya da Guinea . Mutanen Mende da sauran ƙabilu ne ke magana da shi a matsayin yaren yanki a kudancin Saliyo. A kudancin Saliyo, yaren yanki ne ke ba da damar duk kabilu su yi magana.[ana buƙatar hujja]</link>[ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]
| Yaren Mende | |
|---|---|
| |
Baƙaƙen boko da Mende Kikakui (en)  | |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-2 |
men |
| ISO 639-3 |
men |
| Glottolog |
mend1266[1] |
Mende harshe ne na tonal na dangin harshen Mande . Bayanin tsarin farko na Mende shine FW Migeod [3] da Kenneth Crosby . [4]
Siffofin da aka rubuta
gyara sasheA cikin 1921, Kisimi Kamara ya ƙirƙira wa Mende waƙar da ya kira Kikakui (🠀𞠁𞠂 /
</img> ). Rubutun ya sami yaɗuwar amfani na ɗan lokaci, amma an maye gurbinsa da haruffa bisa rubutun Latin, kuma ana ɗaukar rubutun Mende a matsayin "rubutun da ya gaza". [5] An fassara Littafi Mai Tsarki zuwa Mende kuma an buga shi a shekara ta 1959, a rubutun Latin.[ana buƙatar hujja]</link>[ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">abubuwan da ake bukata</span> ]
Harafin tushen Latin shine: a, b, d, e, ɛ, f, g, gb, h, i, j, k, kp, l, m, n, ny, o, ɔ, p, s, t, ku, v, w, y . [6]
Fassarar sauti
gyara sasheConsonants
gyara sashe| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | a fili | p | t | k | ||
| murya | b | d | ɡ | |||
| prenasalized | m b | n.d | Ƙaddamarwa | |||
| Ƙarfafawa | a fili | f | s | h | ||
| murya | v | |||||
| Haɗin kai | a fili | k p | ||||
| murya | dʒ | Ƙaddamarwa b | ||||
| prenasalized | ɲd͡ʒ | Ƙarƙashin b | ||||
| Na gefe | l | |||||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Kusanci | w | j | ||||
Wasula
gyara sashe| Gaba | Tsakiya | Baya | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kusa | i | ku | |
| Kusa-tsakiyar | e | o | |
| Bude-tsakiyar | e | ku | |
| Bude | a |
A cikin fina-finai
gyara sasheAn yi amfani da Mende da yawa a cikin fina-finan Amistad da Blood Diamond kuma shi ne batun shirin fim ɗin The Language You Cry In .
Misalin rubutu
gyara sasheNumuvuisia Kpɛlɛɛ ta ti le tɛ yɛ nduwɔ ya hu, tao ti nuvuu yei kɛɛ ti lɔnyi maa hɛwungɔ. Kiiya kɛɛ hindaluahu gɔɔla a yɛlɔ ti hun. Fale mahoungɔ ti ti nyɔnyɔhu hoi kia ndeeegaa.
Fassara
gyara sasheAn haifi dukkan ’yan Adam ’yantattu kuma daidai suke da mutunci da hakki. Suna da hankali da lamiri kuma ya kamata su yi wa junanmu cikin ruhin ’yan’uwantaka.
(Sashe na 1 na Yarjejeniyar Haƙƙin Dan Adam ta Duniya)
Manazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yaren Mende". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
- ↑ Migeod, F. W. 1908. The Mende language. London
- ↑ Crosby, Kenneth. 1944. An Introduction to the Study of Mende. Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ Unseth, Peter. 2011. Invention of Scripts in West Africa for Ethnic Revitalization. In The Success-Failure Continuum in Language and Ethnic Identity Efforts, ed. by Joshua A. Fishman and Ofelia García, pp. 23-32. New York: Oxford University Press.
- ↑ Coble, Scott. n.d. "Mende." AboutWorldLanguages.com (accessed 8 October 2014)
- ↑ A Mende Orthography Workshop: Ministry of Education, Freetown, January 21-25, 1980
- ↑ Pemagbi, Joe. 1991. "A guide to Mende orthography." SLADEA.