Taras Shevchenko

Taras Hryhorovych Shevchenko (Fabrairu 25 (Maris 9) 1814, ƙauyen Moryntsi, lardin Kyiv, Daular Rasha — Fabrairu 26 (Maris 10) 1861, Saint-Petersburg, Daular Rasha) — Mawaƙin Ukrainiyan, marubuci, mai tunani, zane-zane, zane-zane, marubucin al'adu, jama'a. Jarumin kasa da alamar Ukraniya. Memba na ƙungiyar ƙasa ta Ukrainiyan, memba na Cyril da Methodius Ƙungiyar. Masanin Ilimin Kwalejin Ilimi na Imperial (1860).

Taras Shevchenko
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Тарас Григорьев сын Шевченко
Haihuwa	Moryntsi (en) , 9 ga Maris, 1814
ƙasa	Russian Empire (en)
Ƙabila	Ukrainians (en)
Harshen uwa	Harshan Ukraniya
Mutuwa	Saint-Petersburg, 10 ga Maris, 1861
Makwanci	Taras Hill (en) Smolenskoye Orthodox Cemetery (en)
Yanayin mutuwa	Sababi na ainihi (ascites (en) )
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi	Hryhoriy Ivanovych Shevchenko
Mahaifiya	Kateryna Y. Boiko
Abokiyar zama	Not married
Ahali	Yosyp H. Shevchenko (en) , Mykyta G. Shevchenko (en) , Yaryna Boiko (en) da Kateryna H. Krasytska (en)
Karatu
Makaranta	Imperial Academy of Arts (en) (1838 - 1844)
Harsuna	Rashanci Church Slavonic (en) Harshan Ukraniya Southeastern Ukrainian (en)
Malamai	Jan Rustem (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	painter (en) , maiwaƙe, anthropologist (en) , masu kirkira, marubuci, marubucin wasannin kwaykwayo, ethnographer (en) , prose writer (en) da mai falsafa
Employers	Imperial University of St. Vladimir (en)
Muhimman ayyuka	Kobzar (en)
Fafutuka	Romanticism
Sunan mahaifi	Т. Ш., К. Дармограй da Кобзарь Дармограй
Digiri	kurtu
Imani
Addini	Eastern Orthodox Church (en)
IMDb	nm0786227

Shevchenko's wallafe-wallafen al'adun gargajiya, tsakiyar wurin da shagaltar da shi da shayari, musamman tarin Kobzar, da aka dauke da tushen zamani Ukrainiyan wallafe-wallafen da, zuwa babban har, da Ukrainiyan adabi harshen.

Rayuwa

Ya nuna basirar zane tun yana karami. Yana neman malamai, ya yi tafiya cikin ƙauyuka na tsawon lokaci har sai da ya isa gidan mai gidan Engelhardt. A cikin kaka na 1829, a matsayin bawa artist, ya bar Vilshana zuwa Vilno.

A Vilna, Shevchenko ya sadu da membobin kungiyar asiri ta Ƙungiyar Ƙasar Slavs. Ra'ayinsa na anti-serf ya kasance a ƙarshe a ƙarƙashin rinjayarsu. A 1838 aka sake shi. Ya koma St. Petersburg, inda ya zurfafa ilimin fasaha kuma ya fara ayyukan adabi.

A cikin 1838, an fanshe shi daga aikin bautar kuma ya shiga Kwalejin Arts na St. Petersburg. A cikin wannan shekarar, an buga littafinsa na farko na wakoki, "Kobzar", wanda ya fara sabon wallafe-wallafen Ukrainian bisa ga jama'a. Babban ayyukan wannan lokaci sune wakoki "Haydamaky", "Kateryna", "Naymychka" da kuma wakoki da yawa.

A shekara ta 1847, an kama shi kuma aka yanke masa hukumcin yin aikin soja da gudun hijira zuwa yankuna masu nisa na Daular Rasha saboda sa hannu a cikin 'Ƙungiyar Cyril da Methodius. Ya kwashe shekaru 10 yana gudun hijira a Kazakistan, yana ci gaba da rubuta wakoki da fenti a asirce. A can ya halicci waka "Neofity" da kuma yawan litattafai.

Bayan ya dawo daga gudun hijira a 1858, ya zauna a St. Petersburg. An zabe shi masanin zane-zane. A wannan lokacin, ya kirkiro wakoki masu ban sha'awa "Gidan Cherry Trees ...", "Alkawari", jerin "Zabura Dauda" da sauran ayyuka masu yawa.

Ya mutu a ranar 10 ga Maris, 1861. Bisa ga wasiyyar mawaƙin, an kai gawarsa kuma an binne shi a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa a kan dutsen Chernechya (yanzu Tarasova) kusa da Kaniv.

A cikin waƙarsa Shevchenko ya yi aiki a matsayin mai gwagwarmaya da mulkin mallaka na Rasha da zalunci na al'ummar Ukrainiyan. Ayyukansa na farko an rubuta su ƙarƙashin rinjayar romanticism da kuma Ukrainian jama'a shayari. Wakokin "siyasa" na lokacin "Shekaru Uku" (1843-1845), irin su "Son", "Kavkaz", "I mertvym, i zhyvym..." ana daukar su a matsayin koli na aikinsa. A gudun hijira (1847-1857), ya kirkiro wakoki da kasidu masu yawa a kan jigogin gwagwarmayar kwato ‘yanci, makomar mata da sauransu. Sabbin tarinsa shine "Bukriv". Shevchenko kuma ya rubuta prose a cikin harshen Rashanci, musamman labarun da ke sukar saɓo da mulkin kama karya.

Ya mutu a shekara ta Fabrairu 26 (Maris 10) a Saint-Petersburg.

Ayyukan Shevchenko, masu cike da kishin kasa, masu adawa da bautar gumaka da kuma dalilai na mulkin mallaka, sun yi tasiri sosai a kan samuwar al'ummar Ukrainian da ci gaban al'adunta.

Hotuna

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  Bikin cika shekaru 200 na ranar haihuwar Shevchenko a dandalin Nezalezhnosti (2014)
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  Bayanan banki 100 hryvnia (2005)
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  Jubilee Coin 5 hryvnias (2014)
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  Tambarin gidan waya na Ukrainian (2008)
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  Shevchenko Literary da Memorial Gine-gine, Kyiv
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  Kyiv National University mai suna bayan T. Shevchenko
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  Kyiv Opera da Ballet Theatre mai suna bayan T. Shevchenko
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  Plaque na tunawa zuwa Shevchenko a Ivano-Frankivsk
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  Littafin "Life na Shevchenko" (1914)
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  Hoton "Shevchenko a gudun hijira" (K. Ustiyanovich, 1860s)
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  Tushen makamai na yankin Cherkasy

Hanyoyin haɗi

• Shevchenko aiki
• Kobzar.ua // Shevchenko portal

Kara karantawa

• Wanner, Catherine (1998). Burden of Dreams: History and Identity in Post-Soviet Ukraine. Penn State Press. ISBN 0271042613.
• Zaĭt︠s︡ev, Pavlo (1988). Taras Shevchenko: A Life. Toronto: Buffalo. ISBN 0802034500.
• Zhulynskyi, M.G., ed. (2015). "Товариство Заохочування Художників" [Society for the Encouragement of Artists]. Shevchenko Encyclopedia (in Harshen Yukuren). 6. Kyiv: T.G. Shevchenko of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. ISBN 978-966-02-6976-7.
• Zhur, Petro V. (2003). "The Eagle Takes Off". Труди І Дні Кобзаря [The Life and Works of the Kobzar] (in Rashanci). Kyiv: Library of the Shevchenko Committee. ISBN 5-89114-003-9.