Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka

Duk da cewa dukkanin kotunan guda biyu wato Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka ta Duniya da Kotun Duniya suna da mazauninsu ne a birnin Hague, na ƙasar Holand, to amma akwai banbanci a tsakaninsu ƙwarai da gaske. Ita Kotun Duniya ba ta da hurumin hukunta waɗanda suka aikata manyan laifuka. domin Ita kotu ce ta sasanta rikici ko kuma warware wata taƙaddama tsakanin ƙasashen duniya. Akan abin da ya shafi rikicin kan iyaka ko na kasuwanci da dai sauransu. Sannan kuma ita wani reshe ne na cibiyoyin shari'a a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Ita kuwa Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka ta Duniya an kuma kafata ne a ƙarƙashin wata yarjejeniya da ake kira "Yarjejeniyar Rome": A ƙarƙashin wannan yarjejeniya dai Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka ta Duniya na da hurimin yin hukunci akan laifuffukan da suka shafi kisan ƙare dangi da laifuffukan da suka shafi yaƙi, da na take haƙƙin bil Adaman da aka aikata tun daga lokacin da kotun ta fara aiki a shekara ta 2002. Kuma ba ta da wata alaƙa da Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya. Sannan kuma ƙasashe ne kaɗai su ke kai ƙarar matsalolinsu gaban Kotun Duniya, kuma ita Kotun Duniya ba ta ɗora alhakin aikata laifi a kan wata ƙasa, sai dai kawai ta sasanta ta baiwa wadda take gani ita ce da gaskiya, gaskiyarta. Kuma dole ne sai da amincewar dukkanin ƙasashen da ke cikin rikici da juna sannan Kotun Duniya za ta yi hukunci a tsakaninsu. Kuma dole ƙasashen su yarda da cewa duk hukuncin da Kotun Duniya ɗin ta yi a tsakaninsu to ba makawa za su amince da shi. Alal misali sasanta rikicin yankin Bakassi tsakanin Najeriya da Kamaru, inda Kotun Duniya ta yanke hukuncin ba da wannan yanki na Bakassi ga Kamarun. Dole kuma Najeriya ta amince da wannan hukunci, tun da ta yi alƙawarin amincewa da duk hukuncin da aka yanke Da farko dai ita wannan kotu ta shari'ar manyan laifukan yaki ta duniya an kafata ne a karkashin wata yarjejeniya da ake kira "Yarjejeniyar Rome" ko kuma Rome Statue a turance: wanda hakan ita ce yarjejeniya ta farko da aka ƙulla wajen kafa wannan kotu don taimakawa wajen kawo karshen munanan laifuffuka na yaki da kuma hukumata wadanda suke da hannu cikin aikata hakan. A karkashin wannan yarjejeniya dai ita wanan kotu mai shari'ar manyan laifuffukan yaki ta duniya na da hurimin yin hukunci akan laifuffukan da suka shafi kisan kiyashi ko kuma kare dangi da laifuffukan da suka shafi yaki da take hakkokin bil'adama da aka tafka.

Kotun Shari'ar Miyagun Laifuka
Bayanai
Suna a hukumance	International Criminal Court da Cour pénale internationale
Gajeren suna	CPI da ICC
Iri	international court (en) da intergovernmental organization (en)
Ƙasa	Holand
Aiki
Mamba na	International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (en)
Member count (en)	124 (2023)
Mulki
Shugaba	赤根智子 (mul)
Shugaba	Silvia Fernández de Gurmendi (en)
Hedkwata	The Hague (en)
Subdivisions	Judge of the International Criminal Court (en) President of the International Criminal Court (en) Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (en)
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1 ga Yuli, 2002
Awards received	Medal of honor Dag Hammarskjold  (2013)
icc-cpi.int

Jimamin sojojin da suka mutu a sanadiyar yakin kare dangi

An kafa wannan kotun ne a ranar 1 ga watan Yulin shekarar 2002 bayan da kimanin kasashen duniya 120 suka amince da wannan yarjejeniyar ta birnin Rome wacce ita ce tushen kafa kotun, to sai dai ƙasashe 60 ne suka amince da kotun.

Kafa wannan kotun kuwa ya biyo bayan bukatar da kasashen duniyan suka gani ne na kafa wata kotu a dindindin da za ta yi shari'a kan manyan laifuffukan yakin musamman bayan kotunan makamantan hakan da aka kafa a baya don shari'ar laifuffukan yakin da aka tafka a Yugoslavia da kuma Rwanda.

Wannan kotu dai tana da helƙwatarta ne a birnin Hague na kasar Holland, kuwa kotu ce mai zaman kanta da ba ta da alaka da MDD sannan kuma tana samun kudaden gudanar da ayyukanta ne daga kasashen da suka yarda da ita da kuma wasu ƙungiyoyi da cibiyoyi na kasa da kasa da kuma masu zaman kansu.

Idan kuma muka koma ga bangare na biyu na tambayarka da kake son sani irin laifuffukan da kotun take shari'a a kansu, to kamar yadda sunan kotun ya nuna sannan kuma kamar yadda muka yi bayani a sama, kotun tana shari'ar manyan laifuffuka ne da suka shafi laifuffukan kisan kiyashi da aka gudanar a lokacin yaƙi ko kuma irin fitunu na cikin gida da kuma take hakkokin bil'adama.

Haka nan kuma idan muka je ga bangare na karshe na tambayar da ke son sani su waye suke da hakkin gabatar da kara a wannnan kotu, to a nan muna iya cewa: Bangarorin da suke da hakkokin gabatar da kara sun haɗa da duk wani da ya ke jin cewa an cutar da shi ta hanyar irin laifuffukan da kotun take da hurumin sauraren kara da kuma gudanar da hukumci, haka nan kuma kwamitin tsaron MDD ma zai iya gabatar da kara a kotun. Hakan nan shi ma mai gabatar da ƙara na kotun yana iya shigar da kara da sanya kotun ta tuhumi wani mutum. Idan kuma kotun ta tabbatar da laifin da mutumin da ake zargin tana da ikon daure shi har zuwa daurin rai da rai sai dai ba ta hurumin yanke hukuncin kisa.