Yaren Tocho

Tocho
Asali a	Sudan
Yanki	South Kordofan
'Yan asalin magana	2,700 (2013)
Dangin harshen	Nnijer–Kongo Tocho;
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3	taz
Glottolog	toch1257

Tocho (Tacho) yare ne na Nijar-Congo a cikin dangin Talodi da ake magana a Kordofan, Sudan . Kimanin mutane ,700 ne ke magana da shi a cikin ƙauyuka masu zuwa: Igije, Imanjela, Thodero, Thoge, Tobaredeng, Tocho Goos, Tocho Saraf Jamus, Toderum, Togero, Togiding, Toriya, Torobang, Tothokrek da Turu.

Harshen harshe

Fasahar sauti

Ma'anar Ma'anar

Wadannan an gabatar da jerin sunayen Tocho consonant phonemes bisa ga Akaki da Norton (2013:178). A cikin Tocho, ana iya furta plosives da hanci a duk wurare 5, amma hanci sun rasa wakilin hakora. I aka kwatanta da tsofaffin bayanai (Schadeberg 1981 ^[3]), flap_consonants" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tap and flap consonants">flap [ī] galibi yana haɗuwa da trill_consonant" id="mwHQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Trill consonant">trill [r, rr], amma kuma mutum na iya jayayya cewa an tattara sabbin bayanai (Alaki & Norton 2013:178-180 [1]) a Khartoum, inda Larabci na Sudan (wanda ba ya dauke da flap (ī), amma yana da trill [1]) shine harshen hukuma. Don haka ^[3] za a iya tabbatar da haɗuwa ba tukuna kuma dole ne a tabbatar da shi tare da bayanai a cikin ƙauyukan da ake magana da Tocho.

	Biyuwa	Dental	Alveolar
Bayyanawa
Hanci
Ƙididdigar
Trill
Flap

Sautin sautin

Nau'o'in suna

Harshen Tocho yana amfani da prefixes daban-daban don rarrabe lambobin sunaye, an tsara su ta hanyar nau'ikan sunaye tare da nau'ikan prefix-biyu. Wadannan prefix-biyu sun kunshi mafi yawan duk consonant phonemes da kuma zaɓi na babu prefix (wanda aka yi alama a matsayin ø). mafi yawan azuzuwan kawai canje-canje na farko, amma a wasu bambancin tsakanin mutum ɗaya da jam'i ana nuna shi ta hanyar canji a wasu wasula na farko, kamar misali /ʊ ~ ə/ da /a ~ ə/ .

Ƙarin karantawa

Alaki, Thomas Kuku & Russell Norton. 2013. Tocho phonology da orthography. A cikin Roger Blench & Thilo Schadeberg (eds), Nazarin Harshen Dutsen Nuba . Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe. shafi na 177-194.

Bayanan da aka ambata

↑ Samfuri:Ethnologue18
↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Tocho". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :0

[e18-1] Samfuri:Ethnologue18

[Glottolog-2] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Tocho". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[:0-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :0

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