Yanayin zafi mai zafi
Sauyin yanayi mai ɗanɗanar yanayi yanayi ne na yanayin zafi mai zafi da lokacin zafi, da sanyi zuwa lokacin sanyi. Wadannan yanayi yawanci suna kwance a kudu maso gabas na dukkan nahiyoyi (sai dai Antarctica), gabaɗaya tsakanin latitudes 25 ° da 40 ° kuma suna can nesa daga yanayin yanayi na wurare masu zafi kusa da, da equatorward daga ko dai ƙasa mai ɗanɗano (a Arewacin Amurka da Asiya) ko yanayin teku (a Arewacin Amurka da Asiya). a sauran nahiyoyi). Ana kuma san shi da yanayin yanayin zafi mai zafi a wasu rabe-raben yanayi.[1]
Karkashin rarrabuwar yanayi na Köppen, yanayin Cfa da Cwa ko dai an bayyana su a matsayin yanayi mai sanyin yanayi ko yanayin zafi mai zafi. Wannan yanayin yanayin yanayin yana nufin yanayin zafi a cikin wata mafi sanyi tsakanin 0 °C (32 °F) (ko −3 °C (27 °F)) da 18 °C (64 °F) da ma'anar zafin jiki a cikin watan mafi zafi 22 °C ( 72°F) ko sama. Duk da haka, yayin da wasu masana yanayin yanayi suka zaɓi bayyana wannan nau'in yanayi a matsayin "yanayin yanayi mai zafi", Köppen da kansa bai taɓa amfani da wannan kalmar ba. An ƙirƙiri rarrabuwar yanayin yanayi mai ɗanɗano a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayin Trewartha. A cikin wannan rabe-rabe, ana kiran yanayin yanayi mai sanyin yanayi lokacin da suke da aƙalla watanni 8 tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki sama da 10 °C (50 °F).
Yayin da yawancin yanayi na wurare masu zafi suna kasancewa a ko kusa da wuraren bakin teku, a wasu lokuta, suna fadada cikin ƙasa, musamman a cikin Sin da Amurka, inda suke baje kolin bambance-bambancen yanayi na yanayi da ƙarin bambance-bambance tsakanin rani da hunturu, a matsayin wani ɓangare na gradient tsakanin mafi zafi yanayin zafi na kudancin gabar tekun da kuma sanyi na nahiya sauyin yanayi zuwa arewa da kuma gaba na ciki. Don haka, ana iya cewa yanayin yana nuna wasu abubuwa daban-daban dangane da ko ana samunsa a cikin ƙasa, ko kuma a wurin ruwa.
Halaye
gyara sashe
A cikin yanayi mai sanyin yanayi, lokacin rani yawanci tsayi ne, zafi da ɗanɗano. Zurfin halin yanzu na iska na wurare masu zafi yana mamaye ƙananan wurare masu ɗanɗano a lokacin babban rana, kuma tsawa mai ƙarfi (amma taƙaice) na yau da kullun na gama gari. Yanayin zafi na wata-wata a cikin hunturu na iya zama mai sauƙi ko ɗanɗano sama da daskarewa.[2][3]
Ruwan sama yakan nuna kololuwar lokacin rani musamman inda guguwar da ta kai matakin damina ta bunkasa sosai, kamar a kudu maso gabashin Asiya da Kudancin Asiya. Sauran yankuna suna da ƙarin yunifom ko yanayin ruwan sama daban-daban amma ba su da ƙarancin bushewar watannin bazara ba kamar yanayin yanayin Bahar Rum ba (wanda ke kwance a wurare iri ɗaya amma, a mafi yawan nahiyoyi, a kan iyakokin ruwa). Yawancin ruwan sama na lokacin rani yana faruwa ne a lokacin tsawa da ke tasowa saboda tsananin dumama ƙasa da kusurwar rana mai ƙarfi. Rauni na wurare masu zafi da ke motsawa daga kusa da tekuna masu zafi, da kuma guguwar zafi da ba a saba gani ba sukan ba da gudummawa ga kololuwar ruwan sama na lokacin rani. Ruwan sama na lokacin sanyi (da dusar ƙanƙara na lokaci-lokaci, musamman kusa da iyakar iyaka) galibi ana danganta su da manyan guguwa a cikin yankunan yamma waɗanda ke da gabas ɗin da ke isa ƙasa zuwa latitudes na ƙasa.
Ƙarƙashin rarrabuwar yankunan rayuwa na Holdridge, yanayin yanayi na wurare masu zafi suna da yanayin zafi tsakanin sanyi ko layin zafin jiki mai mahimmanci, 16 zuwa 18 °C (61 zuwa 64 °F) (ya danganta da wurare a duniya) da 24 °C (75 °F) , kuma waɗannan yanayin yanayi suna da ɗanɗano (ko ma perhumid ko superhumid) lokacin da yuwuwar evapotranspiration (PET) rabo (= PET / hazo) bai kai 1. A cikin rarrabuwa na Holdridge, yanayin yanayin ƙasa mai ɗanɗano ya zo daidai ko žasa tare da Cfa mafi zafi kuma Sauyin yanayi na Cwa da ƙarancin zafi na wurare masu zafi "Köppen" sauyin yanayi (Aw, Am da Af).
Rarraba haruffa
gyara sashe'''a'''">C: C = Mai sauƙi f = Cikakken zafi a = Lokacin zafi
a">w">'''C''': C = Mai sauƙi w = Rashin hunturu a = Hot Summer [4] [5]
Wuraren da aka yi
gyara sasheAfirka
gyara sasheSamfuri:Climate chart A Afirka ana samun damshin yanayi a yankin kudancin nahiyar. Ana samun yanayin Cwa a kan babban yanki na cikin yankunan Tsakiya da Gabashin Afirka. Wannan yanki ya hada da tsakiyar Angola, arewa maso gabashin Zimbabwe, Niassa, Manica da Tete na Mozambique, lardunan kudancin Kongo, kudu maso yammacin Tanzaniya, da mafi yawan Malawi, da Zambia. Wasu ƙananan yankunan tsaunukan Habasha suma suna da wannan yanayin.
Ana kuma samun yanayin a ƴan ƴan ƴan ƴan ƴan ƴan-sanyi na kudanci da gabashin Afirka ta Kudu, musamman a lardin KwaZulu-Natal da na Gabashin Cape. Sigar Afirka ta Kudu na wannan yanayin yana da tasirin tasirin teku wanda ke haifar da yanayin zafi gabaɗaya. Wannan yana bayyana musamman a lokacin damina lokacin da yanayin zafi baya raguwa kamar yadda yake a sauran yankuna da yawa a cikin nau'in yanayi mai sanyi.
Asiya
gyara sasheGabashin Asiya
gyara sasheSamfuri:Climate chartA gabashin Asiya, ana samun irin wannan yanayi a kudu maso gabashin kasar Sin daga Hong Kong arewa zuwa Nanjing, arewacin rabin Taiwan, arewa ta kudu da tsakiyar Japan (Kyushu, Shikoku da rabin Honshu), da mafi yawan yankunan kudancin kasar. na Koriya (kudu da gabas gabas, Tsakiya da Kudancin Lardin Gyeongsang da tsibirin Jeju). Biranen da ke kusa da kan iyakar wannan yanki sun haɗa da Hong Kong da Taipei; yayin da Tokyo, Busan - Pohang - Gangneung na Koriya da Qingdao ke kusa da iyakar arewa.
Tasirin kakkarfan Anticyclone na Siberiya a Gabashin Asiya yana kawo yanayin sanyin sanyi fiye da na yankuna masu zafi a Kudancin Amurka, da Ostiraliya. Isotherm na 0 °C (32 °F) ya kai har zuwa kudu kamar kwaruruka na kogin Yellow da Wei, kusan latitude 34° N. A Tsibirin Hainan da Taiwan, yanayin yana canzawa daga wurare masu zafi zuwa wurare masu zafi. A mafi yawan wannan yanki, damina ta sami bunƙasa sosai, domin irin waɗannan yankuna masu zafi na gabashin Asiya suna da lokacin rani mai ƙarfi da kuma yawan ruwan sama.
Sai kawai a yankunan da ke karkashin kogin Yangtze da yankunan bakin teku tsakanin kusan kogin Huai da farkon gabar tekun Guangdong ne kawai ake samun isasshen ruwan sama don samar da yanayin Cfa; hatta a wadannan yankuna, ruwan sama da kwararar ruwa suna nuna kololuwar lokacin rani, sabanin sauran yankuna na irin wannan yanayi. Fari na iya zama mai tsanani kuma sau da yawa yakan zama bala'i ga aikin noma a shiyyar Cwa.
Yanki daya tilo da hazo lokacin hunturu yayi daidai ko ma ya zarce na lokacin rani shine a kusa da yankin San'in da ke yammacin gabar tekun Japan, wanda a lokacin hunturu yana gefen iska na yamma. Ruwan sanyi na hunturu a cikin waɗannan yankuna galibi ana samar da shi ta tsarin ƙarancin matsin lamba daga gabar gabas waɗanda ke tasowa a cikin tudun ruwa daga babban yankin Siberiya. Ruwan sama na bazara yana fitowa daga damina ta Gabashin Asiya kuma daga yawan guguwa. Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara ya wuce milimita 1,000 (inci 39), kuma a yankunan da ke ƙasa da Himalayas na iya yin girma sosai har yanzu.
Kudancin Asiya
gyara sasheHakanan ana iya samun yanayin yanayi mai zafi a cikin yankin Indiya. Duk da haka, yanayin yanayin zafi mai zafi da aka nuna a nan ya bambanta sosai da na Gabashin Asiya (kuma ga wannan al'amari mai kyau yanki na duniya). Winters a nan yawanci masu laushi ne, bushewa kuma gajere ne. Suna kuma zama mai hazo. Lokacin bazara yakan yi tsayi kuma yana zafi sosai, yana farawa daga tsakiyar Afrilu kuma yana kai kololuwa a watan Mayu da farkon Yuni tare da yawan zafin jiki ya wuce 40 °C (104 °F). Har ila yau, sun kasance suna bushewa sosai, cikakke tare da guguwa mai ƙura, dabi'un da aka fi sani da yanayin bushe ko bushewa. A wannan lokacin, bishiyoyi da yawa na asali suna defoliate don adana ruwa. Hakan ya biyo bayan damina mai sanyi, inda yankin ke samun ruwan sama mai yawa a kusan kullum. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi yana raguwa a lokacin damina, amma zafi yana ƙaruwa. Wannan yana haifar da yanayi mai zafi da ɗanɗano, kama da lokacin rani a cikin wasu yanayi mai ɗanɗano da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Garuruwa irin su New Delhi, Lucknow, Kanpur da Patna suna baje kolin irin wannan yanayin yanayi a Indiya. A Pakistan, biranen Islamabad, Sialkot, Gujranwala da Rawalpindi suna da wannan yanayin. Lahore ya mamaye tsakanin kasancewar ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano na wurare masu zafi da ƙarancin bushewa. Hazo na shekara-shekara a Peshawar ya ɗan yi ƙasa da yadda ake buƙata don wannan rarrabuwa
A Bangladesh, birane kamar Rangpur, Saidpur da Dinajpur a yankin arewa suna da bambancin damina (Cwa), inda ake samun ruwan sama a lokacin damina. Kamar filayen Arewacin Indiya maƙwabta, wannan yanki kuma yana nuna nau'in yanayi na yanayi guda uku - ingantacciyar bushewa da zafi sosai (Maris- farkon Yuni), jika sosai, lokacin damina mai sanyi (Yuni-Satumba), da sanyi, hunturu da kaka (Late). Oktoba - Fabrairu)
Hakanan ana iya samun yanayin yanayi mai zafi a cikin Nepal. Koyaya, yanayin yanayin Nepale gabaɗaya baya nuna matsanancin zafi wanda ya zama ruwan dare ga sauran wurare na Kudancin Asiya masu wannan yanayin. A cikin biranen Nepal kamar Kathmandu, Pokhara, Butwal, Birgunj da Biratnagar suna nuna wannan yanayin yanayin.
A Kudancin Asiya, yanayin zafi mai zafi gabaɗaya yana iyaka da yanayin nahiyoyi yayin da tsayin tsayi ya ƙaru, ko kuma yanayin ruwan sama a lokacin hunturu a yankunan yammacin Pakistan da arewa maso yammacin Indiya (misali Peshawar a arewa maso yammacin Pakistan ko Srinagar a cikin kwarin Kashmir a Indiya, inda babban hazo ya kai kololuwa. yana faruwa a watan Maris, ba Yuli ko Agusta ba). Gabashin gabas, a yankunan tuddai masu tsayin damina irin su Nepal, yanayin yanayin yanayi ya yi ƙasa da na ƙananan wurare.
Kudu maso gabashin Asiya
gyara sasheA kudu maso gabashin Asiya, kusan kashi 90% na yankin yana da yanayin zafi; amma ana iya ganin yanayin yanayi mai sanyin yanayi a nan, kamar a Arewacin Vietnam (ciki har da Hanoi).
Wuraren kudu maso gabashin Asiya tare da waɗannan yanayin na iya samun yanayin sanyi mai sanyi, tare da ƙasan da ya kai 10 ° C (50 °F) a cikin watannin Disamba, Janairu, da Fabrairu. Ba kamar wani yanki mai kyau na yankunan Gabashin Asiya da wannan yanayin ba, yawancin kudu maso gabashin Asiya ba safai suke fuskantar dusar ƙanƙara ba. Waɗannan wuraren suna nuna yanayin zafi da zafi da sanyi da lokacin sanyi, tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi tsakanin 25 da 30 °C (77 da 86 °F) a lokacin rani.
Yammacin Asiya
gyara sasheSamfuri:Climate chartDuk da cewa yanayin yanayi mai danshi a yankin Asiya galibi ya kebe ne a kudu maso gabashin kwata na nahiyar, akwai kunkuntar wurare guda biyu a gabar tekun Caspian da Black Sea tare da yanayi mai danshi. Lokacin rani a waɗannan wurare ya fi sanyi fiye da yanayin yanayi mai sanyi na yanayi kuma dusar ƙanƙara a lokacin hunturu yana da yawa, amma yawanci na ɗan gajeren lokaci ne.
A Yammacin Asiya, yanayin ya zama ruwan dare a Lardunan Gilan, Māzandarān da Golestan na Iran, a wasu sassan Caucasus, Azerbaijan da Jojiya sun yi kaca-kaca tsakanin Tekun Caspian da Black Sea da kuma bakin teku (Black Sea) Turkiyya, duk da cewa yana da tasirin teku a teku.
Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yana daga kusan milimita 600 (24 in) a Gorgan zuwa sama da milimita 1,830 (72 in) a Bandar-e Anzali, kuma yana da nauyi a duk shekara, tare da matsakaicin a cikin Oktoba ko Nuwamba lokacin da Bandar-e Anzali zai iya matsakaita milimita 330. (13 in) a cikin wata guda. Yanayin zafi gabaɗaya matsakaici ne idan aka kwatanta da sauran sassan Yammacin Asiya. A lokacin hunturu, yankunan bakin teku na iya samun dusar ƙanƙara, wanda yawanci yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci.
A Rasht, matsakaicin zafin jiki a watan Yuli da Agusta yana kusa da 7 °C (45 °F)" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"convert","href":"./Template:Convert"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"25"},"2":{"wt":"C"}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mw_A" typeof="mw:Transclusion">25 ° C (77 ° F) amma tare da kusan cikawa, yayin da a watan Janairu da Fabrairu yana kusa da 7 ° C (45 ° F). Ruwan sama mai nauyi, wanda aka rarraba daidai ya kai arewa zuwa yankin Caspian na Azerbaijan har zuwa iyakarta ta arewa amma wannan yanayi a Azerbaijan, duk da haka, Cfb / Cfa (Matsayin Oceanic / Yanayin zafi) ne.[6]
Yammacin Jojiya (Batumi da Kutaisi) a yankin Kolkheti Lowland da arewa maso gabas ga tekun Turkiyya (Giresun), suna da yanayi mai kama da na Gilan da Mazandaran a Iran kuma suna da kama da na kudu maso gabas da arewacin Azerbaijan. Yanayin zafi yana tashi daga 22 °C (72 °F) a lokacin rani zuwa 5 °C (41 °F) a cikin hunturu kuma ruwan sama ya fi nauyi fiye da na Caspian Iran, har zuwa milimita 2,300 (91 in) a shekara a Hopa (Turkiyya). Waɗannan yanayin yanayin yanayin iyaka ne na Cfb/Cfa (yanayin teku/yanayin yanayi mai zafi).
Arewacin Amurka
gyara sasheA Arewacin Amirka, ana samun yanayi mai zafi a cikin Tekun Amurka da ƙananan jihohin Gabas ta Tsakiya, ciki har da Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Arkansas, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, da Florida. A gabar tekun Florida, yanayin yanayi mai zafi yana ba da hanya zuwa yanayin wurare masu zafi na Kudancin Florida da Maɓallan Florida.
Ƙarƙashin rarrabuwar yanayi na Köppen, wannan yanki ya haɗa da wurare da ke gaba da arewa, musamman Virginia, Kentucky, ƙananan tsaunuka na West Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, Washington, DC, kudu maso gabashin Pennsylvania, tsakiya da kudancin New Jersey, da Downstate New York. Hakanan ana iya samunsa a cikin ƙananan Midwest, da farko a tsakiya da kudancin yankunan Kansas da Missouri da kudancin Illinois, Indiana da Ohio.
A Mexico, akwai ƙananan yankuna na Cfa da Cwa. Ana iya samun yanayin a ƙananan yankuna da ke warwatse a yankin arewa maso gabashin ƙasar, kusa da Tekun Mexico. Sauran wuraren da za a iya samun yanayin suna cikin tsaunukan tsaunukan Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt da Saliyo Madre Oriental. Duk da kasancewa a cikin tuddai masu tsayi, waɗannan wuraren suna da lokacin rani waɗanda suke da zafi sosai don cancanta a matsayin yanayi na tudu masu zafi. Yanayin Guadalajara babban misali ne na wannan.
A A wajen keɓantattun sassan Mexico, iyakar kudancin wannan yanki na yanayi a Arewacin Amirka ya ta'allaka ne a arewacin Kudancin Florida da kuma kusa da kudancin Texas. Biranen da ke kan iyakar kudanci, irin su Tampa da Orlando da kuma bakin tekun Texas da ke kusa da Corpus Christi zuwa Brownsville gabaɗaya suna nuna yanayin zafi a duk shekara da ƙarancin bambance-bambancen yanayin zafi tsakanin yanayi. Sabanin haka, biranen da ke kan iyakar arewacin yankin sauyin yanayi kamar New York, Philadelphia da Louisville suna da zafi, lokacin zafi da lokacin sanyi. Waɗannan yankuna suna da matsakaicin yanayin sanyi na sanyi a mafi ƙarancin yanayin yanayin da aka ƙididdige su azaman ɗanɗano na ƙasa.
Yanzu faɗuwar ta bambanta sosai a wannan yankin yanayi. A wurare a iyakar kudancin wannan yanki da yankunan da ke kusa da Tekun Fasha, birane irin su Orlando, Tampa, Houston, New Orleans, da Savannah ba safai suke ganin dusar ƙanƙara ba, wanda ke faruwa, a mafi yawan, ƴan lokuta a kowace tsara. A cikin biranen Kudancin da ke kusa da arewa ko cikin ƙasa, irin su Atlanta, Charlotte, Dallas, Memphis, Nashville, da Raleigh, dusar ƙanƙara ce kawai ke faɗowa lokaci-lokaci kuma yawanci inci uku ne ko ƙasa da haka. Koyaya, don yawancin lokacin sanyi a nan, yanayin zafi ya kasance sama da daskarewa. A iyakar arewacin wannan yanki, birane irin su New York City, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, DC, da Louisville yawanci suna ganin dusar ƙanƙara a lokacin hunturu, tare da guguwar dusar ƙanƙara lokaci-lokaci. Har yanzu, matsakaita yanayin zafi a lokacin sanyi na yau da kullun yana shawagi sama da daskarewa a waɗannan wurare.[7][8][9][10]
Hazo yana da yawa a yankin yanayi mai sanyi na Arewacin Amurka - amma tare da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci dangane da mafi sanyi/ bushewar watanni da yanayi. Yawancin Kudancin ciki, ciki har da Tennessee, Kentucky, da arewacin rabin Mississippi da Alabama, suna son samun lokacin hunturu ko bazara (ba lokacin rani) hazo ba. Kusa da Kudancin Tekun Atlantika da Tekun Fasha, akwai matsakaicin lokacin rani, tare da Yuli ko Agusta yawanci shine watan mafi ruwan ruwa - kamar a cikin Jacksonville, Charleston, Mobile, New Orleans, da Virginia Beach. Kwatankwacin yanayin damina (bushewar lokacin sanyi/ lokacin rani) yana bayyana a bakin Tekun Atlantika daga yankin Chesapeake Bay da Bankunan Outer kudu zuwa Florida. Daminar yanayi ya fi karfi a yankin Florida, saboda yawancin wurare a Florida suna da bushewar hunturu da kuma lokacin rani.
Bugu da ƙari, yankunan Texas waɗanda ke cikin ƙasa kaɗan daga Gulf of Mexico, irin su Austin da San Antonio waɗanda ke iyaka da yankin yanayi mara kyau, gabaɗaya suna ganin kololuwar hazo a watan Mayu, fari-kamar nadir a tsakiyar lokacin rani da na biyu, idan ba daidai ba, hazo kololuwa a watan Satumba ko Oktoba. Yankunan da ke gaba kudu tare da Kudancin Texas' Gulf Coast (Brownsville), wanda ke da iyaka da iyakokin yanayin yanayi na wurare masu zafi, yawanci suna da ƙarfin hazo na Satumba, da kuma yanayin yanayin bushewa a cikin hunturu tare da ruwan sama yana karuwa a cikin bazara, tare da Disamba ko Janairu sau da yawa watanni mafi bushewa. .
Kudancin Amurka
gyara sasheAna samun yanayin yanayin zafi mai zafi a cikin wani yanki mai girman gaske na Kudancin Amurka. Yanayin ya mamaye wasu jihohin kudancin Brazil, ciki har da Paraná, zuwa sassan Paraguay, duk na Uruguay da tsakiyar Argentina (yankin Pampas). Manyan biranen kamar su São Paulo, Buenos Aires, Porto Alegre da Montevideo, suna da yanayi mai ɗanɗano da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa, gabaɗaya a cikin yanayin zafi da lokacin zafi, da sanyin sanyi. Waɗannan yankuna, waɗanda suka haɗa da Pampas, gabaɗaya sun ƙunshi nau'in yanayi na Cfa. A 38°S, birnin Argentine na Bahía Blanca ya ta'allaka ne akan iyakar kudanci na yanki mai zafi.
Yanayin Cwa yana faruwa ne a wasu sassa na tsaunukan wurare masu zafi na jihar São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul da kuma kusa da tsaunin Andean a arewa maso yammacin Argentina. Waɗannan yankunan tsaunuka suna nuna yanayin zafi mai zafi wanda zai iya faɗuwa a waje da yanayin yanayi na tsaunuka na ƙasa.
Ostiraliya
gyara sasheSamfuri:Climate chartYankin yanayi mai sanyin yanayi ya fi yawa a gabashin Ostiraliya, wanda ya fara daga bakin tekun Mackay, Queensland kuma ya shimfiɗa bakin teku zuwa kudu da Sydney, inda yake canzawa zuwa yanayin sanyi, yanayin teku.[11][12]
Daga Newcastle, kusan kilomita 200 (120 mi) arewa maso gabas da Sydney, yankin Cfa zai faɗaɗa zuwa cikin New South Wales, ban da yankunan tsaunuka (wanda ke da yanayin teku), ya miƙe zuwa Dubbo zuwa arewa maso yamma da Wagga Wagga zuwa kudu. yana ƙarewa a iyakar New South Wales/Victoria (Albury-Wodonga). Don lura, waɗannan wurare za su kasance da halaye na yanayi mai ɗan bushewa da/ko na Bahar Rum. Bugu da ƙari, yanayin Cfa na cikin gida gabaɗaya yana da bushewar lokacin rani, ko aƙalla lokacin rani tare da ƙarancin zafi.[13]
Ana fama da matsanancin zafi a Sydney fiye da sauran manyan biranen yankin Cfa na Ostiraliya, musamman a yankunan yamma, inda sama da 40 °C (104 °F) ba bakon abu ba ne. Frost ya zama ruwan dare a cikin mafi yawan yankunan Sydney, kamar Richmond. Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a yankin Sydney yana tsakanin milimita 800 zuwa 1,200 (31 da 47 in).
Yawancin lokaci ana samun matsakaicin ruwan sama na rani wanda ke ƙara bayyana yana motsawa zuwa arewa. A Brisbane, watan da ya fi ruwa (Fabrairu) yana samun ruwan sama sau biyar na watan mafi bushewa (Satumba). Yanayin zafi yana da zafi sosai amma bai wuce kima ba: matsakaicin matsakaicin a watan Fabrairu yawanci yana kusa da 29 ° C (84 °F) kuma a watan Yuli kusan 21 °C (70 °F). Dusar ƙanƙara ba kasafai ba ce sai a tudu masu tsayi, amma yanayin zafi sama da 35 °C (95 °F) ba ya zama ruwan dare a bakin tekun.
Arewacin yankin yanayi na Cfa akwai yankin da ke kan Rockhampton wanda ya ke arewa zuwa yankin Köppen Cwa da aka keɓe na yankin Atherton Tablelands. Wannan yanki yana da lokacin bushewar lokacin sanyi sosai, tare da yawan ruwan sama da ba a taɓa gani ba tsakanin Yuni da Oktoba. Yanayin sanyi gabaɗaya yana faɗi kaɗan kaɗan ƙasa da 18 °C (64 °F), wanda zai rarraba yankin azaman savanna mai zafi, ko Aw, yanayi.
Ruwan sama na shekara-shekara a cikin yankin yanayi mai sanyin yanayi na Ostiraliya na iya kaiwa sama da milimita 2,000 (79 in) a yankunan bakin teku kuma gabaɗaya ya kai milimita 1,000 (39 in) ko sama. Mafi tsananin lokutan ruwan sama na kwanaki 2-3 da ke faruwa a wannan yanki na bakin teku duk da haka sakamakon raguwar ruwan gabas da ke tasowa zuwa arewacin babban tsarin matsin lamba, ana iya samun babban bambancin yawan ruwan sama daga shekara zuwa shekara sakamakon wadannan tsarin. Misali Lismore wanda ke tsakiyar wannan yanki, ruwan sama na shekara-shekara zai iya kaiwa kasa da milimita 550 (22 in) a cikin 1915 zuwa sama da milimita 2,780 (109 in) a cikin 1950.[14]
Turai
gyara sasheDa yake nahiyar ba ta da wani babban teku a gabas kamar yadda ake yi a sauran nahiyoyi da dama da ke cikin yankin yanayi, yanayi mai danshi a nahiyar Turai ya takaita ne da kananan yankuna a gabar tekun Bahar Rum da Bahar Maliya. Yankunan Cfa gabaɗaya su ne tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki tsakanin yankunan yanayi na Bahar Rum tare da bakin tekun da yankunan teku da m nahiyar zuwa yamma da arewa inda ruwan sama a cikin watanni masu zafi ya yi yawa don rarrabuwar Rum, yayin da yanayin zafi (ko dai a lokacin rani da / ko hunturu) suna da zafi sosai don cancanta a matsayin teku ko ƙasa mai ɗanɗano. Yanayin zafi gabaɗaya baya girma a nan kamar na sauran nahiyoyin da ke cikin wannan yankin yanayin yanayi.
Po Valley, a Arewacin Italiya, ciki har da manyan biranen kamar Milan, Turin, Bologna, da Verona, yana da yanayi mai zafi na wurare masu zafi, yana nuna zafi, lokacin rani tare da hadari mai yawa; lokacin sanyi yana da hazo, damshi da sanyi, tare da fashewar sanyi kwatsam. Wurare da ke gefen tafkin Maggiore, tafkin Lugano, tafkin Como (Como da Verbania a Italiya da Lugano da Locarno a Switzerland) suna da yanayi mai zafi mai zafi tare da yawan ruwan sama na musamman a lokacin rani. A Faransa, ana samun yanayi a wasu sassan birnin kwarin Garonne na (Toulouse da Rhône Valley, ciki har da biranen Lyon da (Valence).Sakamakon sauyin yanayi, wasu biranen da ke gabar tekun Balkan da a cikin Basin Pannonian irin wannan. Kamar yadda Belgrade, Novi Sad, Niš da Budapest yanzu suna da dumi sosai don rarraba su a 48 ° N, Bratislava, a cikin Slovakia, ya ta'allaka ne a kan iyakar arewacin yankin da ke da zafi.
Yankunan bakin teku a arewacin rabin Tekun Adriatic suma sun fada cikin wannan yankin yanayi. Biranen sun hada da Trieste, Venice, da Rimini a Italiya, Rijeka da Split a Croatia, Koper a Slovenia da Kotor a Montenegro. Sauran yankunan Kudancin Turai a yankin Cfa sun hada da kwaruruka na tsakiya da bakin tekun Catalonia na Girona da Barcelona a Spain, wasu a arewa maso gabashin Spain (Huesca), Yammacin Macedonia a Girka (Kozani).
A gefen Tekun Bahar Maliya na Bulgaria (Varna), bakin tekun Romania (Constanța da Mamaia), Sochi, Rasha da Crimea, suna da lokacin zafi sosai (> 22 ° C (72 ° F) yana nufin zafin jiki a cikin wata mafi zafi) don cancanta teku, babu wata mai daskarewa, da isassun hazo mai zafi da kuma yanayin sanyi, inda za su dace a tsara su a ƙarƙashin Cfa, ko da yake suna kusa da yankin ƙasa mai ɗanɗano saboda lokacin sanyi. Duk waɗannan wuraren suna fuskantar lokaci-lokaci, a wasu lokuta maimaita dusar ƙanƙara da daskarewa a lokacin hunturu.
A tsakiyar Turai, ƙaramin yanki na yanayin yanayi mai ɗanɗano yana cikin yankuna masu tsaka-tsaki tsakanin yanayin teku da nahiyoyi a wuraren da yanayin zafi mafi girma bai isa ya shiga cikin tsarin yanayi na Oceanic ba kuma lokacin sanyi ba sa barin shigar su cikin nahiyoyi. yanayi. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi a yankunan Turai masu wannan yanayi gabaɗaya baya da zafi kamar sauran yankuna masu zafi a duniya. Misalan birane sun haɗa da Bratislava, Budapest, da Innere Stadt na Vienna.
A cikin Azores, wasu tsibiran suna da wannan yanayin, tare da sanyi mai sanyi da ruwan sama (>13 ° C (55 °F)) kuma babu dusar ƙanƙara, lokacin zafi mai zafi (>21 °C (70 °F)) amma ba tare da lokacin bushewa a lokacin rani ba. mafi zafi lokaci, wanda ke nufin cewa ba za a iya classified su a matsayin teku, ko kamar yadda Rum, kawai a matsayin m subtropical, kamar yadda tare da Corvo Island.
A cikin sauran tsarin rarraba yanayi da yawa a wajen Köppen, galibin waɗannan wuraren ba za a haɗa su cikin rukunin yanayi mai ɗanɗano ba. Mafi girman hazo na rani da magudanar ruwa na yawan iska a lokacin rani ba sa nan a Turai kamar yadda suke a gabashin Ostiraliya ko kudancin Amurka.
Dubi kuma
gyara sashe- Yankunan da ke cikin zafi
- Yankin da ke kusa da wurare masu zafi
- Jerin wuraren da ke da yanayi mai zafi
Bayanan da aka ambata
gyara sashe- ↑ "humid subtropical climate | climatology | Britannica". www.britannica.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-04-12.
- ↑ Belda, M; Holtanová, E; Halenka, T; Kalvová, J (4 February 2014). "Climate classification revisited: from Köppen to Trewartha". Climate Research (in Turanci). 59 (1): 1–13. Bibcode:2014ClRes..59....1B. doi:10.3354/cr01204. ISSN 0936-577X.
- ↑ Portillo, Germán (2018-12-03). "Characteristics of the humid subtropical climate or Chinese climate". Meteorología en Red (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-04-12.
- ↑ Hans Chen. "Köppen climate classification". hanschen.org (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 14 August 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
- ↑ Chen, Deliang; Chen, Hans Weiteng (April 2013). "Using the Köppen classification to quantify climate variation and change: An example for 1901–2010". Environmental Development (in Turanci). 6: 69–79. doi:10.1016/j.envdev.2013.03.007.
- ↑ Mahmudov, Rza (4 June 2003). "Water Resources of the Azerbaijan Republic". Hydromet Azerbaijan. Scientific Research Institute of Hydrometeorology, Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Azerbaijan Republic. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2018.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
- ↑ "Historic Weather Averages in Richmond Virginia". Intellicast. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016.
- ↑ "Average Annual Snowfall Totals in Virginia". Current Results. Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
- ↑ "Average Annual Snowfall Totals in North Carolina". Current Results. Archived from the original on 27 April 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
- ↑ "Average Annual Snowfall Totals in Maryland". Current Results. Archived from the original on 2 February 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
- ↑ Donohue, Randall J.; McVICAR, Tim R.; Roderick, Michael L. (2009). "Climate-related trends in Australian vegetation cover as inferred from satellite observations, 1981–2006". Global Change Biology (in Turanci). 15 (4): 1025–1039. Bibcode:2009GCBio..15.1025D. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01746.x. ISSN 1365-2486. S2CID 83849128.
- ↑ Gentilli, Joseph, ed. (1971). "Climates of Australia and New Zealand". World Survey of Climatology. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 13. ISBN 978-0-444-40827-3.
- ↑ Stern, Harvey; de Hoedt, Graham; Ernst, Jeneanne (2000). "Objective classification of Australian climates" (PDF). Australian Meteorological Magazine. 49: 87–96. S2CID 308424. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
- ↑ "Monthly Rainfall Lismore (Centre Street)". Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2020.