Tashin Hankalin Taliban

Bayan da aka fara yaki a Afghanistan a shekara ta 2001, ƙungiyar Taliban, ta fara tayar da ƙayar baya, wanda aka fi sani da ƙungiyar Taliban . Ƴan Taliban sun fara kai hari kan dakarun ISAF da NATO, a Afghanistan, kuma sun kai hare -haren ta'addanci da dama. A cikin rikicin, ƙungiyar Taliban tana yaki da gwamnatin Afghanistan da kawayenta. Al-Qaeda na da alaka da Taliban. da wannan ne rikicin yankin ya bazu zuwa Pakistan . Rikicin da ke da alaƙa a Pakistan shine tawaye a Khyber Pakhtunkhwa .

Tashin Hankalin Taliban

Iri	insurgency (en)
Bangare na	War in Afghanistan (en)
Kwanan watan	2006
Ƙasa	Afghanistan

Sojojin Afghanistan sun kai hari kan Taliban, a lardin Helmand .

saboda Afghanistan ta ga rikice -rikice da yaƙe -yaƙe da yawa a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, tattalin arzikinta, ya canza, kuma mutane da yawa suna dogaro da noman amfanin gona, kamar su tsirrai da ake amfani da su don samar da magunguna ba bisa ƙa'ida ba kamar opium, ko heroin . Mutane da yawa a Afganistan ba sa tunanin matsalolin da Taliban ke haddasawa. Don haka warware matsalar wataƙila ya ƙunshi ƙarin ƙoƙari fiye da cin nasara akan Taliban. Hakan kuma na nufin akwai bukatar a samu sauye -sauye a tattalin arziki, da kuma yadda ake tafiyar da kasar.

Cinikin opium

Opium ita ce babbar hanyar samun kudin shiga ga Taliban: Filin poppy a kwarin Gostan, Lardin Nimruz, Afghanistan

Poppy capsules da aka girbe

Afghanistan poppy opium poppy, 1994–2016 (kadada)

A halin yanzu, Afghanistan na ɗaya daga cikin manyan masana'antun opium. Duk da yake opium shima yana da amfanin sa azaman magani na yau da kullun, galibi ana amfani dashi azaman miyagun ƙwayoyi . A cikin 2001, Afghanistan ta samar da kashi 11% na opium na duniya, a yau tana samar da sama da kashi casa'in cikin ɗari. A shekara ta 2007, 93% na wadanda ba pharmaceutical-sa opiates a kasuwannin duniya sun samo asali ne a Afghanistan. Wannan ya kai darajar fitarwa kusan dala biliyan 4; manoma na opium suna samun kusan kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na wannan adadin, sauran suna zuwa ga jami'an gundumar, masu tayar da ƙayar baya, sarkin yaƙi, da masu fataucin miyagun ƙwayoyi . Cinikin miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kai rabin GDP na Afghanistan. Kididdigar da Ofishin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya kan Magunguna da Laifuka ( UNODC ) ya yi a shekarar 2006 ya nuna cewa kashi 52% na GDP na kasar, ko kuma dala biliyan 2.7 a kowace shekara, ana samun ta ne ta fataucin miyagun kwayoyi.

Yankunan da yanayin tsaro ya fi muni yana samar da ƙarin Opium; yankunan da suka fi karko da alama suna samar da ƙasa. Manoma da yawa a yankunan karkara sun dogara da sayar da tsaba. Opium ya fi riba fiye da alkama kuma lalata filayen opium na iya haifar da rashin jin daɗi ko tashin hankali tsakanin mutanen da abin ya shafa. Wasu 'yan Afghanistan miliyan 3.3 ne ke da hannu wajen samar da opium. A saboda wannan dalili, wasu mutane suna cewa kawar da amfanin gona na poppy ba zaɓi bane mai yuwuwa. Wasu shirye -shiryen kawar da poppy sun tabbatar da inganci, musamman a arewacin Afghanistan. Shirin kawar da tsirrai na opium na gwamnan Balkh Ustad Atta Mohammad Noor tsakanin 2005 zuwa 2007 yayi nasarar rage noman poppy a lardin Balkh daga kadada 7,200 a 2005 zuwa sifili zuwa 2007.

Ƙididdigar Haɗarin Opium na Afganistan na 2013, wanda Ofishin Majalisar Nationsinkin Duniya kan Magunguna da Laifuka ya bayar, ya nuna cewa tun daga shekarar 2008 Taliban ke tallafa wa manoma da ke tsiro da tsiro, a matsayin hanyar samun kuɗi ga masu tayar da kayar baya.

Ba a ganin Taliban a matsayin musabbabin matsalar

An yi yaƙe -yaƙe da rikice -rikice a Afghanistan sama da shekaru talatin. Sakamakon haka, ƙasar tana cikin mafi talauci, kuma mafi ƙarancin ƙasashe a duniya. Har ila yau, yana daga cikin mafi almundahana . Kashi talatin da biyar cikin dari na rudani ba su da aikin yi, kuma fiye da rabin mutanen suna rayuwa a ƙasa da layin talauci .

Ƙungiyar agaji ta ƙasashen yamma Oxfam ta wallafa wani ra’ayin jin ra’ayin da suka gudanar a Afghanistan, a shekarar 2010. Dangane da wannan ƙuri'ar, kashi 83 cikin ɗari na jama'ar Afghanistan ba sa ɗaukar Taliban a matsayin mayaƙa. Ana ganin talauci, rashin aikin yi da cin hanci da rashawa na gwamnati a matsayin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da yaƙi a ƙasarsu. Lokacin da sojojin Afghanistan da Amurka ke marawa baya suka fatattaki 'yan Taliban a karshen 2001, matakin tashin hankali ya karu. Kusan rabin wadanda aka gudanar da binciken sun ce cin hanci da rashawa da rashin kyakkyawan gwamnati sune manyan dalilan yakin da ake yi. Kashi goma sha biyu cikin dari sun ce tawayen Taliban ne abin zargi. Bayan 'yan Taliban, dalilin da ya sa mafi yawan mutane suka bayar don ci gaba da fada shine katsalandan na kasashen waje, inda kashi ashirin da biyar cikin dari na waɗanda suka amsa suka ce wasu ƙasashen ne ke da laifi.

Haɓakar 2006

Tun farkon shekara ta 2006 Afghanistan ke fuskantar guguwar hare -hare ta hanyar fashewar bama -bamai da ƴan ƙunar baƙin wake, musamman bayan da NATO ta dauki umurnin yaki da masu tayar da kayar baya a lokacin bazara na 2006.

Shugaban Afghanistan Hamid Karzai ya fito fili yayi Allah wadai da hanyoyin da ƙasashen yamma ke amfani da su. A watan Yuni 2006 ya ce:

And for two years I have systematically, consistently and on a daily basis warned the international community of what was developing in Afghanistan and of the need for a change of approach in this regard… The international community [must] reassess the manner in which this war against terror is conducted

An kuma soki masu tayar da kayar baya saboda halin su. A cewar Human Rights Watch, bama-bamai da sauran hare-haren da ƴan Taliban suka kai kan fararen hular Afganistan (kuma zuwa ga ƙaramin matakin Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin), an ba da rahoton cewa sun "ƙaru sosai a cikin 2006" tare da "aƙalla fararen hula 669 na Afghanistan aka kashe a cikin. aƙalla hare -hare 350 da makami, mafi yawansu da alama da gangan aka ƙaddamar da su kan fararen hula ko abubuwan farar hula. ” 131 na hare -haren masu tayar da kayar baya sune hare -haren kunar bakin wake wanda ya kashe fararen hula 212 (732 suka ji rauni), sojojin Afghanistan da 'yan sanda 46 (101 suka ji rauni), da sojojin kasashen waje 12 (63 da suka jikkata).

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kiyasta cewa a farkon rabin shekarar 2011, mutuwar fararen hula ta karu da kashi 15% kuma ta kai 1462, wanda shi ne adadi mafi muni tun farkon yaƙin, duk da karuwar sojojin Ƙasashen waje.