Sorghum bicolor, wanda aka fi sani da sorghum[1] (/ˈsɔːrɡəm/) kuma aka sani da babban gero,[2] broomcorn,[3] masarar guinea ,[4] durra, imphee,[5] jowar,[6] ko milo,[7] jinsi ne a cikin grass jinsin Sorghum Dawa ana noma shi don hatsi. Ana amfani da hatsi don abinci ga mutane; ana amfani da shuka don ciyar da dabbobi da samar da ethanol. Dawa ta samo asali ne daga Afirka, kuma yanzu ana noma shi sosai a yankuna masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi.

Dawa ita ce shuka ta biyar mafi muhimmanci a duniya bayan kamar shinkafa, alkama, masara, da sha'ir.[8] Sorghum yawanci shekara-shekara ne, amma wasu ciyayi suna dawwama. Yana girma a cikin ƙugiya waɗanda za su iya kaiwa sama da tsayin 4 metres (13 ft). Hatsi karami ne, 2 zuwa[convert: unknown unit] a diamita. [Sorghum mai zaki]]s nau'o'in iri ne da ake nomawa da farko don abinci, samar da syrup, da ethanol; sun fi waɗanda aka noma da hatsi tsayi tsayi.

Samfuri:A duba kuma Sorghum babbar shuka ce mai tsayi wacce ta kai tsayin 2.4 metres (7.9 ft). Yana da manyan ƙwanƙolin fulawa ko panicle waɗanda ke ba da hatsin sitaci da za a iya ci tare da tsaba har 3,000 a kowane furen fure. Yana girma a cikin yanayi mai dumi a duniya don abinci da kayan abinci.[9][10][11] Sorghum is native to Africa with many cultivated forms.[12][13] Yawancin noman noma suna amfani da ciyawar shekara-shekara, amma wasu nau'ikan daji na Sorghum suna dawwama, wanda zai iya ba [Cibiyar Ƙasa] damar haɓaka ciyawar shekara-shekara don "maimaita, isasshen hatsi ba tare da sake shukawa ba.[14][15]

Juyin Halitta

gyara sashe

phylogeny

gyara sashe

Dawa tana da alaƙa da maize da gero da ke cikin [PACMAD clade]] na ciyawa, kuma fiye da hatsi na BOP clade kamar su. alkama da sha'ir. Samfuri:Clade

Dawa a Gida

gyara sashe

Samfuri:Ƙara

 
Hoton burodin dawa ke ƙunshe a cikin kwandon, Predynastic Egypt, c. 3100 BC (5,100 years ago). Egyptian Museum, Turin[16]

S. bicolor ya kasance Dan gida daga kakansa na daji fiye da shekaru 5,000 da suka gabata a Gabashin Sudan a yankin koguna Atbara da Gash. An samo shi a wani wurin binciken kayan tarihi kusa da Kassala a gabashin Sudan, tun daga 3500 zuwa 3000 BC, kuma yana da alaƙa da al'adun neolithic Butana Group.

tseren farko da aka fara zama cikin gida shine bicolor; yana da matsugunan huskoki waɗanda dole ne a cire su da ƙarfi. Kusan shekaru 4,000 da suka wuce, wannan ya yadu zuwa yankin Indiya; kimanin shekaru 3,000 da suka wuce ya kai Yammacin Afirka.[17] Wasu jinsi hudu sun samo asali ne ta hanyar noma don samun hatsi mai girma kuma su zama masussuka kyauta, suna sa girbi mai sauƙi kuma mai amfani. Waɗannan su ne caudatum a cikin [Sahel]; durra, mai yiwuwa a Indiya; Guinea a Yammacin Afirka (daga baya ya isa Indiya), kuma daga wannan jinsin mageritiferum wanda ya haifar da nau'in Kudancin Afirka.

Manazarta

gyara sashe
  1. Samfuri:PLANTS
  2. Samfuri:BSBI 2007
  3. "Ma'anar Broomcorn". Unknown parameter |shafin yanar gizo= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |shigarwa -date= ignored (help)
  4. [https: //www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Guinea+corn "Ma'anar masarar Guinea"] Check |url= value (help). www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  5. "Ma'anar Imphee". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 14 Disamba 2021. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  6. "jowar". Retrieved 14 Disamba 2021. Unknown parameter |aiki= ignored (help); Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  7. -webster.com/dictionary/milo "Definition of Milo" Check |url= value (help). www.merriam-webster.com. Unknown parameter |date-access= ignored (help)
  8. {{Cite web |title= Manyan Hatsin Hatsi da Amfani da su a Duniya }
  9. Samfuri:BONAP
  10. "sorghum: grain". Britannica. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
  11. Mutegi, Evans; Sagnard, Fabrice; Muraya, Moses; Kanyenji, Ben; Rono, Bernard; et al. (2010-02-01). "Ecogeographical distribution of wild, weedy and cultivated Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench in Kenya: implications for conservation and crop-to-wild gene flow" (PDF). Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 57 (2): 243–253. doi:10.1007/s10722-009-9466-7. S2CID 28318220.
  12. Hauser, Stefan; Wairegi, Lydia; Asadu, Charles L.A.; Asawalam, Damian O.; Jokthan, Grace; Ugbe, Utiang (2015). "Sorghum- and millet-legume cropping systems" (PDF). Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International and Africa Soil Health Consortium. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
  13. Dillon, Sally L.; Shapter, Frances M.; Henry, Robert J.; et al. (1 September 2007). "Domestication to Crop Improvement: Genetic Resources for Sorghum and Saccharum (Andropogoneae)". Annals of Botany. 100 (5): 975–989. doi:10.1093/aob/mcm192. PMC 2759214. PMID 17766842.
  14. "Perennial Sorghum". The Land Institute. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
  15. "Sorghum Moench". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  16. "Pane di sorgo contenuto nel cesto S. 283; fa parte del corredo funerario infantile della mummia S. 278". Egyptian Museum, Turin. Retrieved 6 May 2024. S. 285, la 15 Vetrina 02
  17. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Fuller Stevens 2018