Liliane Atlan
Liliane Atlan (14 Janairu 1932 - 15 Fabrairu 2011) marubuciya Bayahudiya ce Bafaranshiya wacce ayyukanta galibi suna mai da hankali kan tasirin tunani na Holocaust .
Rayuwa gyara sashe
An haifi Atlan Liliane Cohen a Montpellier, kudancin Faransa,a cikin 1932, ga iyaye Elie da Marguerite Cohen.An haifi Elie a Tasalonika, Girka, a cikin 1907 kuma ta yi hijira zuwa Faransa tare da iyayenta tun tana yarinya; Marguerite daga Marseilles, an haife ta a 1905. Liliane ita ce ta biyu a cikin ’ya’ya mata biyar na ma’auratan.A cikin 1939, an aika da ita da ’yan’uwanta mata zuwa ɓoye a Auvergne da Lyon don guje wa tsananta wa Yahudawa .A cikin wannan keɓantaccen yanayi ita da ƙawarta suka fara yin wasan kwaikwayo na abin da suka halitta don nishadantarwa.’Yan’uwan sun sake saduwa da iyayensu a shekara ta 1945 bayan da aka kawo ƙarshen Ma’aikata, inda suka sami labarin cewa an kashe kakarsu ta wajen uwa da ’yan’uwan mahaifiyarsu a lokacin Holocaust.
Bayan yakin, Elie Cohen ya mai da hankali kan taimaka wa wadanda suka tsira daga Holocaust, wanda ya hada da daukar wani saurayi da ya tsira a cikin iyali.Saurayin, Bernard Kruhl, shi kadai ne dan iyalinsa da ya tsira daga Auschwitz, kuma yana cikin yunwa da mutuwa a cikin bakin ciki.Wannan ɗan’uwan da aka ɗauke shi zai gaya wa ƙanwarsa Liliane abubuwan da ya faru a sansanin fursuna. Wadannan labarun, labaran da ke nuna sansanonin, da kuma matsalolin gaba ɗaya na fuskantar samartaka bayan Holocaust, sun yi mummunar tasiri ga yarinya mai shekaru 14, kuma ta ci gaba da rashin lafiya, wanda ta nemi magani a wani asibiti a Switzerland .[1]
Daga baya, ta yi nazarin rubutun Yahudawa a makarantar Gilbert Bloch d'Orsay da ke birnin Paris. A nan ta sadu da Henri Atlan,wanda za ta aura daga baya.Ta kuma yi karatun falsafa a Sorbonne daga 1952 zuwa 1953, inda Gaston Bachelard ya ba da shawara akan "The Arbitrary and Fantastic Tun Nietzsche".[1] A 1952 ta kuma auri Atlan, kuma suka ƙaura zuwa Paris, suna da ɗiya, Miri, a 1953 da ɗa, Michaël, a 1956. A cikin 1960s iyali ya ƙaura zuwa Isra'ila na shekaru da yawa.Ta kuma yi shekaru biyu a California tana koyar da Faransanci, kuma marubuciya ce a wurin zama a Jami'ar Iowa da ke birnin Iowa kafin ta koma Paris.
Atlan ta mutu da ciwon daji a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu 2011 a Kfar Saba, Isra'ila.
Aiki gyara sashe
Ayyukan Atlan sau da yawa tana bincika tasirin tunanin Holocaust akan mutanen Yahudawa, duka biyu da ɗaiɗaiku, kuma tana zane daga ruhaniya da al'adun Yahudawa don tsarinta da jigogi. Ƙirƙirar ayyukanta, musamman Un Opera pour Terezín, sau da yawa suna amfani da abubuwan da ba na al'ada ba, kamar yin amfani da masu sauraro a matsayin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, da kuma gabatar da wasanni a lokaci guda a duk duniya, tare da hulɗar masu sauraro ta hanyar watsa shirye-shiryen bidiyo a lokaci guda da hanyoyin sadarwar lantarki.Ta yi nuni ga tsarin multimedia na waɗannan ayyukan a matsayin le rencontre en étoile ko 'taron mai siffar tauraro.' Masanin kimiyya Bettina Knapp ya ƙirƙira jumlar 'wasan kwaikwayo na sararin samaniya' don bayyana aikin Atlan, da ƙayyadaddun sa don samun tushe a cikin wani lokaci na tarihi ko gogewar mutum, amma don "ƙetare iyakancewa, kowane aiki yana wucewa daga jirgin sama ɗaya zuwa gamayyar ko tatsuniyoyi". (Knapp, p. 133).
Wasanta Monsieur Fugue ta zana ra'ayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na Faransa Antonin Artaud game da wasan kwaikwayo na zalunci.Ana jigilar wasu gungun yara hudu da suka tsira da rayukansu zuwa Auschwitz inda za a kashe su. A lokacin tafiyarsu, yaran suna aiwatar da rayuwar da za su iya rayuwa idan za su rayu. Grol, ɗaya daga cikin masu gadi, ya yanke shawarar hawa tare da yaran, yana ƙarfafa labarunsu kuma a ƙarshe ya raba makomarsu.
Ta kasance wacce ta samu lambobin yabo na adabi da yawa: kyaututtukan Habima da Mordechai Anielewicz don wasanta na Monsieur Fugue a 1972; kyauta daga WIZO don littafinta na Les Passants; da Prix Mémoire de la Shoah a cikin 1999 don tarin ayyukanta.
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo gyara sashe
- Monsieur Fugue (1967) - dir. Roland Monod - bisa wani bangare na labarin Janusz Korczak
- Les Messies (1969) - dir. Roland Monod
- La Petite Voiture de flammes et de voix (1975) - dir. Michel Hermon
- Un opéra zu Terezín (1989) - dir. Christine Bernard-Sugy (watsawa ta rediyo don Al'adun Faransa ) - yana nuna makomar masu fasahar Yahudawa da suka makale a sansanin taro na Theresienstadt ; yana bin tsarin Seder na Idin Ƙetarewa
Waka gyara sashe
- Les Main coupeuses de mémoire (1961) - an buga shi ƙarƙashin sunan alkalami 'Galil'
- Maître-mur (1962)
- Lapsus (1971)
Larabci gyara sashe
- Les Passants/The Passersby (1988, wanda aka buga a cikin Ingilishi a cikin 1993) - wani labari mai ban sha'awa game da abubuwan da Atlan ta samu game da anorexia da nazarinta na Kabbalah