Harshen Daka
Daka (Dakka, Dekka, da wuya Deng ko Tikk) ɗaya ne daga cikin harsuna biyu da mutanen Chamba ke magana a Najeriya, ɗayan kuma Chamba Leko .
| Harshen Daka | |
|---|---|
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog |
tara1325[1] |
Iri
gyara sasheDaka tarin yare ce . Yaren Chamba ana kiransa Chamba Daka (ko Samba, Tsamba, Tchamba, Sama, Jama Daka ; da Nakanyare) kuma ya ƙunshi kashi 90% na masu magana. Ana kuma kiran Chamba Daka Sámá Mūm . [2]
Sauran yaruka sune Dirim (Dirin, Dirrim), Lamja, Dengsa, da Tola . Dirim da Lamja–Dengsa–Tola suna da lambar ISO daban-daban, amma Ethnologue ya lura cewa 'suna kusa da Samba Daka kuma yana iya zama yare' ko kuma 'mai yiwuwa ba su bambanta da Samba Daka ya zama wani yare daban', kuma a zahiri suna lissafin Dirim. a matsayin yare a ƙarƙashin Daka. Blench (2011) ya lissafa Dirim a matsayin haɗin kai da sauran nau'ikan Daka: Nnakenyare, Mapeo, Jangani, Lamja, Dirim, yana mai nuni da cewa idan Lamja da Dirim ana ɗaukar harsuna daban-daban, kamar yadda yake a cikin Ethnologue, to Samba Daka kanta yana buƙatar raba shi zuwa ƙarin ƙarin uku. harsuna.[3]
Blench ya lissafa ire-iren waɗannan nau'ikan kamar yarukan Samba Daka.
- Samba Jangani
- Samba Nnakenyare
- Samba de Mapeo
Rabuwa
gyara sasheGreenberg ya sanya Samba Daka a cikin kudurinsa na Adamawa, a matsayin kungiyar G3, amma Bennett (1983) ya nuna gamsuwa da cewa yaren Benue-Congo ne, duk da cewa ana takaddama a kan sanya shi a Benue-Congo. Blench (2011) ya ɗauki shi a matsayin Bantoid. Boyd (ms), duk da haka, yana ɗaukar Daka a matsayin keɓe reshe a cikin Nijar – Kongo (Blench 2008). Blench (2011) ya lissafa Taram a matsayin dabam, ko da yake yana da alaƙa, harshe.
Fassarar sauti
gyara sasheWasula
gyara sashe| Gaba | Tsakiya | Baya | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kusa | i | u | |
| Kusa-tsakiyar | e | ə | o |
| Bude-tsakiyar | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Bude | a |
Furuci
gyara sashe| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a fili | labbabi | |||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Tsaya | voiceless | p | t | k | k͡p | |
| voiced | b | d | g | ɡ͡b | ||
| prenasal | ᵐb | ⁿt | ᵑk | ᵑk͡p | ||
| Haɗin kai | d͡z | |||||
| Ƙarfafawa | voiceless | f | s | |||
| voiced | v | ( z ) | ||||
| prenasal | ⁿs | |||||
| Taɓa / Trill | ⱱ | ɾ ~ r | ||||
| Kusanci | lateral | l | ||||
| plain | j | w | ||||
| nasalized | j̃ | w̃ | ||||
- /ɾ/ may also occur as trilled [r].
- /d͡z/ can have an allophone of [z].[4]
Nassoshi
gyara sashe- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Daka". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Chamba-Daka materials from Raymond Boyd
- ↑ Blench, Roger (2019). An Atlas of Nigerian Languages (4th ed.). Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.
- ↑ Boyd, Raymond. The phonology and tonology of Chamba Daka (Sámá Mūm). Laboratoire Ligérien de Linguistique: Université d’Orléans.
Kara karantawa
gyara sashe- Blench (2008) Prospecting proto-Plateau . Rubutun hannu.
- Blench, Roger, 2011. 'Mambobi da tsarin ciki na Bantoid da iyaka da Bantu' . Bantu IV, Jami'ar Humboldt, Berlin.