Rose Ausländer, an haifi Rose Scherzer a sha daya ga Mayu , shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da daya Czernowitz ( Austriya-Hungary ; Ukraine na yanzu) kuma ya mutu a Düsseldorf ( Jamus ), mawaƙi ne na asalin Yahudawan Jamus[1]

Tarihin Rayuwar ta

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Bayan karatun da aka yi wa al'adar Yahudawa da kuma bayyanawa ga duniya da sauransu, ta tafi Amurka a kan mutuwar mahaifinta, tare da wani ɗalibi daga Jami'ar Czernowitz, Ignaz Ausländer., kuma tana da ayyuka daban-daban a cikin jarida. da kuma banki a Romania da Jamus . An yi bikin aurensu a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da ashirin da uku, amma sun rabu bayan shekaru uku kuma suka sake aure a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da talatin. Daga nan sai ta koma Bucovina don kula da mahaifiyarta kuma, ta kasance fiye da shekaru uku a waje da yankin Amurka, ta rasa asalinta.[2]

Godiya ga kawayen Romania da ba Bayahude ba, ta tsere daga turawa zuwa Transnistria a cikin shekaru hudu na karkiyar Nazi inda ta zauna a cikin ghetto na garinsu. A can ne ta hadu da mawaki Paul Celan .

Bayan kama Bukovina ta Red Army, da haɗin kai a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, Rose Ausländer, kamar sauran masu magana da Jamusanci a yankin, ya koma Romania. Yayin da suka hana shi biza a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da biyu,hukumomin Amurka sun ba ta izinin komawa Amurka a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da shida. Ba za ta iya kawo mahaifiyarta ba, kuma a mutuwar ta ƙarshe a 1947, ta nutse cikin bakin ciki wanda zai ɗauki shekara guda.[3]

Tana faman shigewa cikin bakin haure ghetto Abin da birnin New York ke wakilta a gare ta, ta yi doguwar tafiya zuwa Turai a 1957 : Vienna, Paris (inda ta sami Paul Celan), Amsterdam. Komawa New York bayan 'yan watanni, ta kasance a can har sai da ɗan'uwanta da danginsa sun sami izinin barin Romania a shekara ta Daga nan ta tafi Isra'ila don gano yiwuwar zama a can amma a karshe ta yanke shawarar zama a Düsseldorf, wanda ba shi da alamar kyamar Yahudawa fiye da babban birnin Austrian inda dan uwanta ya isa. A can ta sami wasu mambobi na rukunin mawakan Yahudawa na Czernowitz kuma a ƙarshe an ba ta fensho diyya.[4]

A shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in, ta shiga sabon gidan ritaya na Yahudawa a Düsseldorf, inda za ta shafe shekarunta na ƙarshe a kan gado saboda ciwon huhu da kuma mummunar faɗuwa.[5]

Kundin wakokinsa na farko, Der Regenbogen (The Rainbow) an buga shi a cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da talatin da tara a Czernowitz . Ba zai zama mafi kyawun siyarwa ba duk da kyakkyawar liyafar daga masu sukar. Za a bi shi da wasu kusan ashirin. Rose Ausländer ta yi rubuce-rubuce musamman a cikin Jamusanci, amma kuma cikin Turanci na ƴan shekaru.

Jigogin da ya fi so su ne, a cikin kalmominsa :“ Duk - na musamman. Halin sararin samaniya, mahimmancin kallon lokaci, shimfidar wurare, abubuwa, maza, yanayi, harshe, komai na iya zama batun . »

Littafi Mai Tsarki

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Bugawa a cikin Faransanci

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  • Na ƙidaya taurarin kalmomi na, harsuna biyu, zaɓin waqoqin da Edmond Verroul ya fassara kuma ya gabatar, l'Age d'homme, Lausanne, 2000 ; Rediyo. Hero-Limit, Geneva, 2011
  • Kreisen / Cercles Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine, aikin Jamusanci / Faransanci na harshe biyu, waƙoƙin da Dominique Venard ya fassara daga Jamusanci kuma Marfa Indoukaeva ya kwatanta, Æncrages & Co, Baume-les-Dames, 2005
  • Blinder sommer / Makafi rani Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Littafin Jamusanci / Faransanci biyu, Æncrages & Co, Baume-les-Dames, 2010
  • Makafi Summer, trans. Michel Vallois, Geneva, Hero-Limit, 2015
  • Ƙasar uwa, trans. Edmond Verroul, Geneva, Hero-Limit, 2015
  • Ba tare da visa ba. Duk wani abu zai iya aiki a matsayin tsari da sauran litattafai , trans. Eva Antonnikov, Geneva, Hero-Limit, 2012
  • Don rubuta shine rayuwa, don tsira, Tarihi na Czernowitz ghetto da korar zuwa Transnistria, rubutu a cikin litattafai da wakoki na marubuta da masu fasaha na Yahudawa masu jin Jamusanci, wanda François Mathieu ya gabatar kuma ya fassara shi, Éditions Fario, Paris, 2012[6]

Anthology da nazari

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  • Wakoki goma sha huɗu da aka ɗauko daga Schweigen auf deine Lippen da Sylvie Leblois-Dumet da Catherine Weinzaepflen suka fassara daga Jamusanci, mujalla Idan, lamba 27, 2005
  • Gabatarwa da wakoki a cikin Waƙoƙin Czernovitz, mawaƙan Yahudawa goma sha biyu na Jamusanci Archived 2009-03-13 at the Wayback Machine, waɗanda aka fassara daga Jamusanci kuma François Mathieu ya gabatar, Paris, bugu na Laurence Teper, Tarin " Sauti na lokaci », 2008 ( ISBN 978-2916010281 )
  • " Don kada wani haske ya ƙaunace mu », wakoki 38 da François Mathieu ya fassara kuma ya gabatar da shi, sigar harsuna biyu, mujallar Fario no 12, Paris, 2013[7]

Manazarta

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  1. Rose Ausländers Leben und Dichtung (Rose Ausländer life and poetry). "Ein denkendes Herz, das singt" ("A thinking heart that sings")]
  2. Bolbecher, Siglinde; Kaiser, Konstantin (2002). "Rose Ausländer" (PDF). Lexikon der Österreichischen Literatur im Exil. (in German). Universität Salzburg. p. 205. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
  3. "Rose Ausländer". Lyrikline.org. Literaturwerkstatt Berlin. n.d. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
  4. Cited in Forstner, Leonard (1985). "Todesfuge: Paul Celan, Immanuel Weissglas and the Psalmist", in German Life and Letters, (October 1985), Vol 39, Issue 1, p. 10
  5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783871731785
  6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783871731785
  7. "Rose Ausländer" (in German). Stadt Düsseldorf. n.d. Retrieved 11 May 2016.