Rakhel Feygenberg

Rakhel Feygenberg ( Yiddish , 1885–1972), sau da yawa sananne da sunan alkalami na Ibrananci Rakhel Imri ( רחל אמרי ), marubuciya Yar ƙasar Isra'ila ne haifaffiyar Rasha, marubuciyar wasan kwaikwayo, mai fassara kuma Yar jarida wanda ta rubuta cikin Yadish da Ibrananci. Ta rubuta kuma ta buga sosai daga farkon shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara zuwa shekara ta dubu ɗaya da ɗari tara da sitin.

Tarihin Rayuwar ta

Feygenberg an haife a Lyuban, Minsk Governorate, kasar Rasha Empire, a cikin shekara ta dubu ɗaya da ɗari takwas da da tamanin da biyar. Mahaifinta Ber, wanda dan malamin Lyuban ne, ya rasu tana da shekara huɗu. Ta sami ilimi a cikin Yahudanci, Rashanci da Yiddish daga kakanta, rabbi, da kuma mahaifiyarta Soreh Epstein, wacce ita ce yar uwar marubuci Zalmen Epstein, kuma daga masu koyarwa masu zaman kansu a garin. Ta rubuta littafinta na farko, mai suna Yosef un Roze, tana da shekaru 13 amma danginta sun tilasta ta kona shi. A cikin shekarunta na Yan matan cin ta kakarta ta kawo ta Odesa, kuma ta zauna tare da dangi yayin da take aiki a kantin sayar da tufafi na tsawon shekaru hudu. A cikin shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da biyar, a wannan lokacin, ta buga labarinta na farko, ɗan gajeren labari mai suna Kinder yohren (shekarun yara) wanda ya fito a cikin mujallar adabi ta Dos lebn . Marubuciya Shaul Ginzberg, wacce ta buga labarin ta, ta burge ta kuma ta taimaka mata ta koma Saint Petersburg inda ta sami takardar shedar malami. Ta kuma shiga karatun adabi a Saint Petersburg amma ta daina lokacin da ta rasa kudin karatun. Daga nan ta koma Lausanne, Switzerland, kuma ta shiga darussan adabi, amma ta sake yin watsi da karatunta saboda rashin kuɗi. Ta ci gaba da rubutawa da buga gajerun labarai da litattafai a wannan lokacin. Ta koma Rasha da kuma yi aiki a matsayin malama a cikin Volhynia Governorate na 'yan shekaru. Ta auri wani masanin sinadarai da abokin iyali mai suna G. Shapiro, wanda ya girme ta sosai, a cikin 1914; sun zauna a Yanovka (yau Bereslavka, Ukraine ) kuma suna da ɗa. Ta daina rubuta shekaru biyar na farko da suka yi aure. A shekara ta 1919, a lokacin Yaƙin Basasa na Rasha an lalata gidanta a cikin wani gungume, kuma ita da ɗanta sun ɓoye cikin waɗanda ba Yahudawa ba.

Sana'ar rubutu

Daga baya a cikin 1919 Feygenberg ta koma Odesa kuma ta fara rubutawa da sake bugawa. Musamman ma, ta mai da hankali kan rubuce-rubuce game da pogros na Yahudawa da ta rayu a ciki, kuma ta shiga cikin ƙoƙarin tattara shaidu daga waɗanda suka tsira. Ta bar Ukraine a 1921 kuma ta yi lokaci a Chișinău da Bucharest . A tsakiyar 1920s ta zauna a wurare daban-daban, ciki har da Falasdinu na wajibi, Warsaw, da Paris . A lokacin da take a Falasdinu, ta zargi kafafan adabin da ke wurin da nuna wariya ga Yiddish, yayin da suka fassara yawancin litattafai mafi ƙanƙanta na Turai zuwa Ibrananci amma kusan ba su taɓa yin rubuce-rubucen asali da Yadish ba.

Ta bar Turai ta din-dindin zuwa Falasdinu ta tilas a 1933, inda ta zauna a Tel Aviv kuma ta fara bugawa a ƙarƙashin sunan alƙalami Rakhel Imri. Ta yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da rahoto ga Der Moment da wallafe-wallafe daban-daban na yaren Ibrananci kamar Haaretz, Davar, HaOlam HaZeh da Kuntres . A wannan zamanin, ta fara gaskata cewa ya kamata marubutan Yiddish su zauna a cikin Tarayyar Soviet kuma cewa marubuta a Palestine dole ne su mai da hankali kan rubuce-rubucen yaren Ibrananci. Ta fara tallafawa fassarar wasu mafi kyawun ayyukan Yiddish zuwa Ibrananci, ta buga fassarorin ayyukan Isra'ila Joshua Singer da David Bergelson a cikin Ibrananci. Ta kuma fara fassara nata ayyukan yaren Yiddish zuwa Ibrananci. Bayan lokaci, kuma musamman bayan Holocaust, ta rasa bangaskiyarta cewa wallafe-wallafen Yadish da Ibrananci za su ci gaba da kasancewa masu mahimmanci, kuma sun fi mai da hankali kan fassarar zuwa Ibrananci.

Feygenberg ta mutu a Tel Aviv a shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da saba'in da biyu.