Nyamuragira

Nyamuragira
	shield volcano (en) da volcano (en)
Bayanai
Mountain range (en)	Tsaunukan Virunga
Nahiya	Afirka
Ƙasa	Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango
Located in protected area (en)	Filin shakatawa na Virunga
Volcano observatory (en)	Goma Volcanological Observatory (en)
Wuri
	1°24′30″S 29°12′00″E / 1.4083°S 29.2°E
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango
Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (en)	North Kivu (en)

Nyamuragira, wanda aka fi sani da Nyamulagira, dutsen garkuwar wuta ne mai aiki a tsaunukan Virunga na Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, wanda ke kusa da kilomita 25 (mil 16) arewacin tafkin Kivu. Sunan ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Bantu Kuragira nyamu, ma'ana ga garken dabbobi; nyamu na nufin dabba ko shanu

An bayyana shi a matsayin dutsen da ya fi aiki sosai a Afirka^[1] kuma ya fashe sama da sau 40 tun shekara ta 1885.^[2] Kazalika da fashewa daga taron, an sami fashewa da yawa daga bangarorin dutsen mai fitowar, samar da wasu kanana volcanoes da suka dade na dan lokaci (misali Murara daga ƙarshen 1976 zuwa 1977).

Rikici na kwanan nan ya faru a ranar 2 Janairu 2010 da 8 Nuwamba 2011.

Labarin kasa da Ilimin kasa gyara sashe

Dutsen Nyamuragira dutsen mai fitar da wuta ne kusa da garin Goma a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, wanda ke kusa da kilomita 25 (mil 16) arewacin tafkin Kivu. Tana cikin Lardin Nord-Kivu. Yana da nisan kilomita 13 (8.1 mi) arewa maso arewa maso yamma na Nyiragongo, dutsen da ya yi barna sosai ga garin Goma a fashewar 2002.

Nyamuragira tana da girma kusan kilomita 500 na cubic kilomita (120 cu mi), kuma tana da fadin kilomita murabba'i 1,500 (580 sq mi). Yana da ƙaramin martabar garkuwa kuma ya bambanta da dutsen Nyiragongo mai dutsen da ke kusa da kusa.

Sulfur dioxide watsi da dutsen mai fitad da wuta, 1979-2003.

Nyamuragira dutsen mai fitar da wuta ne ke da alhakin wani babban kaso na sulphur dioxide da aka saki cikin sararin samaniyar dutsen mai fitar da wuta.

Lava yana gudana daga Nyamuragira (hagu na sama) har zuwa Tafkin Kivu.

Ayyukan kwanan nan gyara sashe

Fashewar 2010 gyara sashe

Da gari ya waye a ranar 2 ga Janairun 2010 Nyamuragira ya fara fitar da kwararar ruwan dawa. Babu wasu matsugunai da ke kusa da dutsen mai fitar da wuta, amma jami'an kula da namun daji na fargabar cewa fashewar na iya yin barazana ga kifin da ke yankin. Wani hatsarin kuma shi ne cewa lava na iya kwararawa zuwa yankin kudancin Filin shakatawa na Virunga, inda akwai ƙauyuka da ƙauyuka.^[3]

Ana iya ganin kwararan lawa daga fashewar 2010 a hotunan tauraron dan adam^[4] da ya kai kilomita 25 (mi 16) kudu maso yamma zuwa Tafkin Kivu, kimanin kilomita 22 (14 mi) arewa maso yamma da kilomita 35 (22 mi) arewa maso gabas.

Fashewar 2011 gyara sashe

Dutsen ya sake fashewa a ranar 5 Nuwamba 2011.^[5]

Wannan dutsen ya samar da tsaunin tsawa mai tsayin mita 400 (1,300 da kafa), kuma an ce shi ne fashewa mafi girma a cikin shekaru 100.^[6]

2014 tafkin lava gyara sashe

Wani bangare na ramin dutsen Nyamuragira

A cikin 2014, wani sabon tafkin lava ya bayyana a dutsen mai fitar da wuta a karon farko cikin shekaru 75. Kogin lava da ya gabata a dutsen mai aman wuta an wofintar dashi a cikin kwararar ruwan shekarar 1938. Samuwar sabon tafkin ya faru ne tsakanin watan Yuni zuwa Agusta 2014.^[7] Ya kai zurfin mita 500 (1,600 ft)}. Fashewar bai shafi al'ummomin yankin ba amma ya bar toka da iska mai yawa. Sulfate aerosols wanda aka samu daga dutsin mai danshi daga dutsen sai aka hango shi nesa da tsakiyar dajin Amazon na Kudancin Amurka.^[8] Zuwa shekarar 2018, tafkin lava ya yi tauri kuma aikin ya bayyana ya tsaya. Ayyukan cigaba suna cigaba yayin 2021 a taron koldera.^[9]

Manazarta gyara sashe

↑ Smets, B.; Wauthier, C.; d’Oreye, N. (2010), "A new map of the lava flow field of Nyamulagira (D.R. Congo) from satellite imagery", Journal of African Earth Sciences, 58 (5): 778–786, doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2010.07.005
↑ "Volcano erupts in Congo". CNN. 2 January 2010. Archived from the original on 27 January 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2011.
↑ "DR Congo Volcano Eruption Threatens Rare Chimpanzees". BBC News. 2 January 2010. Retrieved 2 January 2010.
↑ Google Earth Archived 8 Satumba 2010 at the Wayback Machine shows the crater and lava flows very clearly at coordinates -1.408333, 29.200000
↑ "Congo Volcano Erupts: Video". The Guardian. 8 November 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
↑ "Nyamuragira Volcano, Democratic Republic of the Congo". Volcano Photos. Geographic.org. Retrieved 2011-12-26.
↑ "New Lava Lake Appears Atop African Volcano". iflscience. Retrieved 2017-11-15.
↑ Saturno, Jorge; et al. (2018), "African volcanic emissions influencing atmospheric aerosols over the Amazon rain forest" (PDF), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18 (5): 10391–10405, doi:10.5194/acp-18-10391-2018
↑ "Volcano on the Brink". PBS. Retrieved 27 November 2018.

Hanyoyin haɗin waje gyara sashe

[1] Smets, B.; Wauthier, C.; d’Oreye, N. (2010), "A new map of the lava flow field of Nyamulagira (D.R. Congo) from satellite imagery", Journal of African Earth Sciences, 58 (5): 778–786, doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2010.07.005

[2] "Volcano erupts in Congo". CNN. 2 January 2010. Archived from the original on 27 January 2011. Retrieved 13 February 2011.

[3] "DR Congo Volcano Eruption Threatens Rare Chimpanzees". BBC News. 2 January 2010. Retrieved 2 January 2010.

[4] Google Earth Archived 8 Satumba 2010 at the Wayback Machine shows the crater and lava flows very clearly at coordinates -1.408333, 29.200000

[5] "Congo Volcano Erupts: Video". The Guardian. 8 November 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2011.

[6] "Nyamuragira Volcano, Democratic Republic of the Congo". Volcano Photos. Geographic.org. Retrieved 2011-12-26.

[7] "New Lava Lake Appears Atop African Volcano". iflscience. Retrieved 2017-11-15.

[8] Saturno, Jorge; et al. (2018), "African volcanic emissions influencing atmospheric aerosols over the Amazon rain forest" (PDF), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18 (5): 10391–10405, doi:10.5194/acp-18-10391-2018

[9] "Volcano on the Brink". PBS. Retrieved 27 November 2018.

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