Kungiyar gwamnatoci a kan Canjin Yanayi

Kungiyar gwamnatoci a kan Canjin Yanayi (I.P.C.C), ƙungiya ce ta gwamnatocin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya[1][2] wanda aka keɓe don samar wa duniya da haƙiƙanin, bayanan kimiyya masu dacewa don fahimtar tushen kimiyya na haɗarin ɗan adam[3] canjin yanayi, tasirinsa na dabi'a, siyasa, da tattalin arziki da kasada, da yiwuwar hanyoyin amsawa.[4]

Kungiyar gwamnatoci a kan Canjin Yanayi
Bayanai
Gajeren suna GIEC da IPCC
Iri organization established by the United Nations (en) Fassara, intergovernmental organization (en) Fassara da environmental organization (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Switzerland
Mulki
Shugaba Hoesung Lee (en) Fassara
Hedkwata Geneva (en) Fassara
Mamallaki World Meteorological Organization (en) Fassara da United Nations Environment Programme (en) Fassara
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira 1988
Wanda ya samar
Awards received

ipcc.ch


IPCC an kafa ta ne a 1988 ta Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya (WMO) da Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNEP) kuma daga baya Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da shi. Mamba a bude yake ga dukkan mambobi na WMO da UN.[5] IPCC tana samar da rahotanni wadanda ke taimakawa aikin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Yarjejeniyar Canjin Yanayi (UNFCCC), babbar yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kan canjin yanayi.[6][7] Manufar UNFCCC ita ce "daidaita abubuwan da ke cikin iskar gas a sararin samaniya a matakin da zai hana tsangwama na yanayin halittar mutum (mai saurin haifar da mutum) da tsarin yanayi".[8] Rahoton bincike na biyar na IPCC ya kasance muhimmiyar shigar da kimiyya cikin yarjejeniyar Paris ta UNFCCC a cikin 2015.[9] Rahoton IPCC ya shafi "bayanan kimiyya, fasaha da zamantakewar tattalin arziki da suka dace da fahimtar tushen ilimin kimiyya na hatsarin canjin yanayi da dan adam ya jawo, tasirin da take da shi da zaɓuɓɓuka don daidaitawa da raguwa."[10] IPCC ba ta yin bincike na asali, kuma ba ta kula da yanayi ko al'amuran da suka shafi kanta ba. Maimakon haka, tana tantance wallafe-wallafen da aka wallafa, gami da mahimman bayanai game da matasa.[11] Ko yaya, ana iya faɗin IPCC don haɓaka bincike a cikin kimiyyar yanayi. Sassan rahotanni na IPCC galibi suna rufewa tare da sassan kan iyakancewa da ilimi ko ratayen bincike, kuma sanarwar rahoton IPCC na musamman na iya haɓaka ayyukan bincike a wannan yankin.

Dubunnan masana kimiyya da sauran masana suna bada gudummawa bisa son rai[12] wajen rubutawa da yin bita, sannan gwamnatoci su kan duba su. Rahoton IPCC na dauke da "Takaitawa ga masu tsara manufofin siyasa", wanda ke karkashin amincewar layi-layi daga wakilan daga dukkan gwamnatocin da ke halarta. Yawanci, wannan ya shafi gwamnatocin sama da ƙasashe 120.[13]

IPCC tana ba da izini mai karbuwa a duniya kan canjin yanayi,[14] samar da rahotanni waɗanda ke da yarjejeniyar jagorancin masana kimiyyar yanayi da yarjejeniya daga gwamnatocin da ke halartar taron. An raba kyautar Nobel ta zaman lafiya ta 2007 tsakanin IPCC da Al Gore.[15]

Bayan zaben sabon Ofishin a 2015, IPCC ta hau kan zagaye na shida na tantancewa. Bayan rahoton bincike na shida, wanda za a kammala a 2022, IPCC ta fitar da rahoto na Musamman kan canjin yanayi na 1.5 ° C a watan Oktoba 2018, fitar da sabuntawa ga Shawarwarin ta na 2006 na National Green-house Gas Inventories - Tacewar 2019 - a watan Mayu 2019, kuma sun gabatar da wasu rahotanni na musamman guda biyu a cikin 2019: Rahoton Musamman kan canjin yanayi da an dasa (SRCCL), wanda aka sake shi a ranar 25 Satumba 2019. Wannan ya sanya sake zagayowar kimantawa ta shida mafi girman buri a cikin tarihin IPCC na shekaru 32.[16] IPCC ta kuma yanke shawarar shirya rahoto na musamman kan birane da canjin yanayi a zagayen tantancewa karo na bakwai kuma ta gudanar da taro a watan Maris din 2018 don zaburar da bincike a wannan yankin.

Nassoshi gyara sashe

  1. "About the IPCC". Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  2. "A guide to facts and fictions about climate change" (PDF). The Royal Society. March 2005. Retrieved 30 November 2009.
  3. "Principals Governing IPCC Work" (PDF).
  4. Weart, Spencer (December 2011). "International Cooperation: Democracy and Policy Advice (1980s)". The Discovery of Global Warming. American Institute of Physics. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  5. "A guide to facts and fiction about climate change". The Royal Society. March 2005. Retrieved 24 July 2007.
  6. Introduction to the Convention, UNFCCC, archived from the original on 8 January 2014, retrieved 27 January 2014CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link).
  7. IPCC. "Principles Governing IPCC Work" (PDF).. Approved 1–3 October 1998, last amended 14–18 October 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  8. Introduction to the Convention, UNFCCC, archived from the original on 8 January 2014, retrieved 27 January 2014CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link).
  9. Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich; Rogelj, Joeri; Schaeffer, Michiel; Lissner, Tabea; Licker, Rachel; Fischer, Erich M.; Knutti, Reto; Levermann, Anders; Frieler, Katja; Hare, William (25 July 2016). "Science and policy characteristics of the Paris Agreement temperature goal" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 6 (9): 827. Bibcode:2016NatCC...6..827S. doi:10.1038/nclimate3096.
  10. IPCC. "Principles Governing IPCC Work" (PDF).. Approved 1–3 October 1998, last amended 14–18 October 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  11. Chapter 2: Evaluation of IPCC's Assessment Processes, in IAC 2010, p. 16. Archived file.
  12. "Structure of the IPCC". Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  13. "Understanding Climate Change: 22 years of IPCC assessment" (PDF). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). November 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
  14. Sample, Ian (2 February 2007). "Scientists offered cash to dispute climate study". Guardian. London. Retrieved 24 July 2007. Lord Rees of Ludlow, the president of the Royal Society, Britain's most prestigious scientific institute, said: "The IPCC is the world's leading authority on climate change..."
  15. "The Nobel Peace Prize for 2007". Nobelprize.org. 12 October 2007. Archived from the original on 9 January 2010. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
  16. "Decisions adopted by the 43rd Session of the Panel" (PDF). p. 11 decision 6.