Gusta Dawidson Draenger

Gusta Dawidson Draenger, lambar sunan Justyna (shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da sha bayan zuwa shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da uku) ɗan gwagwarmayar Poland ne daga Kraków a ƙarshen 1930s kuma lokacin mamayar Nazi na Poland a yakin duniya na biyu . Ta rubuta cikakken bayani game da ayyukanta a kurkukun Montelupich a farkon 1943. Tare da mijinta Shimshon Draenger, Nazis sun kashe sun Nuwamba 1943 . An fara buga tarihinta a Poland a matsayin Pamiętnik Justyny a cikin 1946, sannan a cikin Ibrananci יומנה של יוסטינה ( Justina's Diary ) a cikin 1974 kuma a cikin Turanci, Labarin Justyna a 1996.

Gusta Dawidson Draenger
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Gusta Dawidson
Haihuwa	Kraków (en) , 1917
ƙasa	Poland
Mutuwa	Poland, 8 Nuwamba, 1943
Karatu
Harsuna	Polish (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	gwagwarmaya da diarist (en)
Employers	Agudat Israel (en)
Imani
Addini	Hasidism (en)

Tarihin Rayuw

An haife ta a Krakow, Gusta Dawidson ta girma a cikin dangin Yahudawa na Orthodox na al'adar Hasidic . Tun tana ƙarama, ta kasance tana sha'awar Zionism . A makaranta, ta zama mamba a kungiyar matasan Agudat Isra'ila . Daga nan ta shiga ƙungiyar matasa ta Bnei-Akiva, inda ta ba da gudummawa sosai ga aikin ilimi ta zama memba na kwamitin tsakiya .

Bayan da Jamusawa suka mamaye Poland a cikin Satumba 1939 , tana daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa Il-Haluz Ha-Lohem (The Fighting Pioneers), kungiyar gwagwarmaya ta karkashin kasa a Krakow. Ta yi abota da Shimshon Draenger, shugaban Akiba wanda shi ne editan jaridar Divré Akiva da Tse'irim na mako-mako . A wannan lokacin, ta ƙirƙira katunan shaidar karya ga Yahudawa masu ƙoƙarin .

A cikin Satumba 1939 , ‘ Yan Gestapo sun kama Shimshon Draenger saboda buga wata kasida da ‘yar Austriya mai adawa da Nazi ta Irene Harand ta yi a Divré Akiba da kuma kafa kungiyar kare Yahudawa. An aika shi zuwa sansanin taro na Troppau kusa da Opava . Da yake matarsa, Gusta Dawidson ya mika wuya ga Nazis kuma ya nemi ya shiga shi. A farkon 1940s, godiya ga babban cin hanci, an sake su, amma dole ne su kai rahoto ga Gestapo. Sai dai sun ci gaba da ganawa a asirce da mambobin kungiyarsu .

Rufin asalin Pamiętnik Justyny (1946)

Bayan harin da aka kai 22 ga Disamba, 1942 An kama Draenger na gidan cin abinci na Cyganeria da jami'an Jamus ke yawan zuwa.18 ga Janairu, 1943 . Lokacin da Gestapo suka gano cewa Gusta Dawidson matarsa ce, shi ma sun kama shi. An aika su duka zuwa kurkukun Montelupich. Tsakanin zaman azabtarwa, ta rubuta abubuwan tarihinta a kan takarda bayan gida ta ɓoye su a cikin . Tana amfani da codenames ga duk membobin ƙungiyar, gami da nata, " Justyna » .

A Afrilu 29, ga shekara ta dubu daya da dari tara da arba'in da uku, ma'auratan sun tsere tare da wasu fursunoni da yawa kuma suka ƙare a Bochnia . Sun haƙa wani rami a cikin dajin Nowy Wiśnicz inda suke ci gaba da fafatawa. Shimshon ya rubuta kuma yana gyara jaridar juriya Il-Haluz Ha-Lohem, 250 exemplaires waɗanda ake rarraba kowace Juma'a a cikin ghettos da kuma ga Yahudawa waɗanda suka tsira a ɓoye. Ana buga fitowar ta ƙarshe akan 1 Oktoba , 1943 . Yayin da suke kokarin taimaka wa wani Bayahude dan kasar Hungary ya tsallaka kan iyaka, Jamusawan sun kama su tare da kashe a Nuwamba 8, 1943 , .

Sha biyar daga cikin babi ashirin na abubuwan tarihin Gusta Dawidson an fitar da su daga kurkuku kuma aka ba su amana bayan yaƙin ga Ƙungiyar Tarihi ta Yahudawa ta Krakow. Bayan bugawa a cikin Yaren mutanen Poland da Ibrananci, fassarar Turanci ta Justyna ta bayyana a cikin 1996 da sigar Faransanci a cikin 2019.