Dausayin Hadejia-Nguru
Dausayin Hadejia-Nguru da ke jihar Yobe a arewacin Najeriya, waɗanda suka haɗa da tafkin Nguru, na da muhimmanci a fannin muhalli da tattalin arziki. Suna fuskantar barazanar raguwar ruwan sama a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, karuwar yawan jama'a da aikin gina madatsun ruwa.
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Iri |
wetland (en) cultural heritage (en) | |||
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Wuri | Jihar Yobe | |||
Ƙasa | Najeriya | |||
Geography
gyara sasheDausayin yana cikin yankin Yobe-Komadugu na tafkin Chadi . An kafa su ne inda kogunan Hadejia da Jama’are. Kogin Yobe ne ya ratsa su, wanda ya ratsa gabas zuwa tafkin Chadi . Sun kwanta tsakanin Savanna na Sudan a kudu da kuma mafi bushewar Sahel a arewa. Wasu daga cikin ƙasashen suna fama da ambaliyar ruwa na dindindin, yayin da wasu sassan kuma suna ambaliya ne kawai a lokacin damina (watan Agusta da Satumba). Ruwan sama na shekara yana tsakanin 200-600 mm, a lokacin ƙarshen Mayu-Satumba. A wani lokaci dausayin na iya rufe har zuwa 3,000 km2 . Tsakanin Shekara ta 1964 da shekara ta 1971 sama da 2,000 kilomita 2 sun yi ambaliya. By 1983 kasa da 900 kilomita 2 sun yi ambaliya, kuma kasa da 300 kilomita 2 sun yi ambaliyar ruwa a shekarar fari ta 1984.[1]
Ilimin halittu
gyara sasheDausayin Hadejia-Nguru suna cikin jerin wuraren dausayin Ramsar masu muhimmanci a duniya . Kogin Nguru da hadadden tashar Marma (yanada 58,100) an sanya su a matsayin Rukunin Ramsar. Tsirrai masu dausayi suna da mahimmanci ga tsuntsayen ruwa, duk dai nau'in kiwo da kuma lokacin hunturu da wucewar tsuntsayen ruwa na Palearctic . Adadin yawan tsuntsayen ruwa ya bambanta tsakanin shekara ta 200,000 zuwa 325,000. An ga nau'in tsuntsaye 377 a cikin dausayi, ciki har da ganin lokaci-lokaci na barazanar pallid harrier da manyan nau'ikan snipe.
Bangaren dajin Bade-Nguru na gandun dajin Chad Basin ya shafi 938 km 2 na dausayi. Sassan ciyayi masu dausayi suna da kariya ta Gandun Daji guda biyar, Wuraren Dabbobi da Gidan Ramsar . Tare da raguwar ambaliya da karuwar yawan jama'a, yanayin yana lalata kuma ana samun karuwar gasa tsakanin mutane da namun daji. Manoma sun kafa guba don kashe Quelea quelea mai lalata amfanin gona, A yanzu haka ana noma kifaye kuma ana ci gaba da kare itatuwan dazuzzukan.[2]
Tattalin Arziki
gyara sasheYankin yana tallafawa kusan manoma miliyan 1.5, makiyaya da masunta . Filin dausayi yana tallafawa noman shinkafa a lokacin rani, da kuma noman rani ta hanyar amfani da ban ruwa. Abubuwan amfanin gona sun haɗa da barkono da alkama. Wuraren dausayi na tallafa wa masunta, waɗanda sukan yi noma, kuma suna samar da itacen mai da ganyen da ake amfani da su don yin tabarmi da igiya. Filayen kuma shanun Fulani ne suke kiwo.[3]
Batutuwa
gyara sasheƘasashen dausayi sun sha fama da matsanancin fari a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Tun daga shekara ta 1980, amfani da kananan famfunan ban ruwa masu amfani da man fetur ya kara yawan filayen da za a iya amfani da su wajen noma, lamarin da ya haifar da rikici da makiyaya da kuma takaddama kan mallakar fili.
Madatsun ruwa sun yi barazana ga ci gaban dausayi musamman madatsar ruwa ta Tiga da na Challawa Gorge Dam, wanda a yanzu haka ke sarrafa mafi yawan ruwan da ke cikin kogin Hadejia, ya kuma rage yawan ambaliya da kuma samar da ruwa baki daya. An kiyasta cewa dam din Tiga da ke kogin Kano ya rage yawan ambaliya da kusan 350 km2 . An gina madatsar ruwa a kogin Hadejia daura da dausayi domin noman rani, wanda aka kammala a shekara ta 1972, wanda kuma ya yi illa ga ambaliya. Za a samar da madatsar ruwa ta Kafin Zaki akan kogin Jama’are na iya haifar da wata barazana. Saboda wadannan sauye-sauye, manyan wuraren noma da kiwo da muhimman tafkunan kifin ko dai sun bushe tare da tashoshi da ciyawar Typha mai mamayewa ta toshe, ko kuma ta cika ruwa.[4]
Duba kuma
gyara sasheHanyoyin haɗi na waje
gyara sashe- GE Hollis, WM Adams & M. Aminu-Kano The Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands-Muhalli, Tattalin Arziki da Dorewar Ci gaban Ruwan Dausayi na Sahel . 1993. ( Shafin abun ciki )
Manazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ "FISH SPECIES DIVERSITY IN THE MAJOR NATURAL LAKES, WETLANDS AND THEIR INFLOWING RIVERS". United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. Retrieved 2009-10-04.
- ↑ "Chad Basin National Park". Nigeria National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2011-07-27. Retrieved 2010-11-03.
- ↑ "WOW Demonstration Project: Hadeija Nguru Wetlands, Nigeria". Wings over Wetlands. Retrieved 2009-10-04.
- ↑ "Typha Grass". Hadejia Emirate Web site. Archived from the original on October 20, 2007. Retrieved 2014-05-25.