Cutar girman jiki

Acromegaly cuta ce da ke haifar da girman jiki na wuce gona da iri na wasu sassan jikin mutum. Yana faruwa ne ta yawan sinadaran jiki masu saka girma. bayan girman dan adam yazo karshe . Alamar farko shine girman hannaye da kafafu. Hakanan ana iya samun haɓakar goshi, mukamuki, da hanci. Sauran alamomin da zasu bayyana suna iya hadawa da ciwon gabobi, fata mai kauri, kakkauran murya, ciwon kai, da matsaloli tare da hangen nesa . Matsalolin cutar na iya haɗawa da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, rashin barci, da hawan jini .

Acromegaly
Lower jaw showing the classic spacing of teeth due to acromegaly.
Specialty	Endocrinology
Symptoms	Enlargement of the hands, feet, forehead, jaw, and nose, thicker skin, deepening of the voice
Complications	Type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, heart problems, particularly enlargement of the heart (cardiomyopathy), osteoarthritis, spinal cord compression or fractures, increased risk of cancerous tumors, precancerous growths (polyps) on the lining of the colon.
Usual onset	Middle age
Causes	Excess growth hormone
Diagnostic method	Blood tests, medical imaging
Differential diagnosis	Pachydermoperiostosis
Treatment	Surgery, medications, radiation therapy
Medication	Somatostatin analogue, GH receptor antagonist
Prognosis	Usually normal (with treatment), 10 year shorter life expectancy (no treatment)
Frequency	3 per 50,000 people

Abinda ke kawo ta da kuma yadda za'a gane cutar

Acromegaly yawanci yana faruwa ne ta hanyar pituitary wata abace wanda ke samar da sinadaran jiki masu kara girma. . A cikin fiye da kashi 95 cikin 100 na al'amuran da suke kawo wannan yana faruwa ne saboda ciwon dajin pituitary gland., wanda aka sani da adenoma pituitary . Sharadi ba a gadonsa .

Acromegaly yana da wuyar ganowa saboda babu wani yawan girma dari a wani sashe na jiki. Bincike shine ta hanyar auna sinadaran girma na jiki bayan mutum ya cinye maganin glucose, ko kuma ta hanyar auna sinadaran girma na insulin-kamar a cikin jini. Bayan ganewar asali, ana gudanar da hoton likita na pituitary don sanin ko akwai adenoma. Idan sinadaran girman suka wuce haddia lokacin yarina t, sakamakon shi ne yanayin gigantism maimakon acromegaly, kuma shi ne halin da wuce kima a wurin girma da kuma tsawo.

Magani

Zabubbukan da ke akwai na magance cutar sun hada da tiyata don cire kari, magunguna, da kuma maganin radiation. Tiyata yawanci shine mafi ingantaccen magani; karami dari, mafi kusantar tiyata zai zama magani. Idan tiyata batayi ba, ana iya amfani da analogues na somatostatin ko antagonists masu karba na GH. Ana iya amfani da maganin radiation idan tiyata ko magunguna ba su da tasiri sosai. Idan ba tare da magani ba, tsawon rayuwa yana raguwa da shekaru 10; tare da magani, Tsawon rayuwa baya rangewa.

Kididdigar tarihi,

Cutar girman sassan jiki yana shafar kusan 3 a cikin 50,000 na mutane. An fi gano shi a tsakiyar shekaru. yana shafar Maza da mata da daidaiton yawa. Nicolas Saucerotte ya fara bayyana shi a cikin littafin likitanci a shekarar 1772. Kalmar ta fito daga Girkanci bκρον ( akron ) ma'ana "extremity", da μέγα ( mega ) ma'ana "babba".

Alamomin cuta

Siffofin da za su iya haifar da babban matakin sinadarin girman jikin ko karin girman jikin sun hada da

• Ciwon kai - sau da yawa mai tsanani kuma mai tsawo
• Kumburin bangaren jiki mailaushi a bayyane wanda yake saka girman hannaye, kafafu, hanci, lebe, da kunnuwa, da kaurin fata gaba daya.
• Kumburin nama mai laushi na kayan cikin ciki, musamman zuciya tare da ma'aikaci yana raunana karfin tsokar ta, da koda, da kuma sautin murya yana haifar da siffa mai kauri, zurfin murya da jinkirin magana
  • Girman kokon kai na gaba.
  • Fitowar duwawu, sau da yawa tare da zazzalowa na ido ( bokin gaba )
  • Fitowar mukamuki na kasa ( prognathism ) tare da macroglossia (Girman harshe) da tazarar hakora
  • Hypertrichosis, hyperpigmentation da hyperhidrosis na iya faruwa a cikin wadannan mutane.
  • Alamun fata
  • Carpal tunnel ciwo

Matsalolin da zasu iya biyo baya

• Matsaloli a kasusuwea tare da gabobi, ciki har da osteoarthritis, ciwon jijiyoyi na matsawa saboda girman kashi, da ciwon ramin carpal
• Hawan jini
• Ciwon sukari mellitus
• Cardiomyopathy, mai yuwuwar haifar da bugawar zuciya
• Ciwon daji na ma'ajiyar ba haya
• Rashin bacci
• thyroid nodules da thyroid cancer
  • Hypogonadism

Matsi na optic chiasm ta habakar adenoma pituitary wanda ke haifar da matsalolin gani

Yanayin da zaya iya kawowa.

Pituitary adenoma

Kusan kashi 98 cikin 100 na al'amuran Girman sassan jiki suna faruwa ne saboda yawan hadakar sinadarin saka girma na jiki ta hanyar kwayar cuta mai laushi na glandan pituitary da ake kira adenoma . Wadannan ciwace-ciwacen suna samar da hormone girma da yawa kuma suna damfara kewayen kyallen kwakwalwa yayin da suke girma. A wasu lokuta, suna iya danne jijiyoyi na gani . Fadada kwayar kwayar cuta na iya haifar da ciwon kai da damuwa na gani. Bugu da kari, matsawa na nama na pituitary na al'ada da ke kewaye zai iya canza samar da wasu hormones, wanda ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin haila da zubar da nono a cikin mata da rashin karfi a cikin maza saboda rage yawan samar da testosterone .