Wikipedia

Ciwon zuciya

Ciwon zuciya (MI), wanda kuma aka sani da ciwon zuciya, yana faruwa ne lokacin da jini ya ragu ko ya tsaya zuwa wani vangare na zuciya, yana haifar da lalacewa ga tsokar zuciya.[1] Alamar da aka fi sani shine ciwon kirji ko rashin jin dadi wanda zai iya tafiya cikin kafada, hannu, baya, wuya ko mukamuki.[1] Sau da yawa yana faruwa a tsakiya ko gefen hagu na kirji kuma yana daukar fiye da dan mintuna.[1] Rashin jin dadi na iya zama lokaci-lokaci kamar gwannafi. Sauran alamomin na iya hadawa da karancin numfashi, tashin zuciya, jin suma, gumi mai sanyi ko jin gajiya.[1] Kusan kashi 30% na mutane suna da alamun da ba a iya gani ba.[2] Mata sukan kasance ba tare da ciwon ƙirji ba kuma a maimakon haka suna fama da wuyan wuyansa, ciwon hannu ko jin gajiya.[3] Daga cikin wadanda suka haura shekaru 75, kusan kashi 5% sun sami MI tare da kadan ko babu tarihin alamun.[4] MI na iya haifar da gazawar zuciya, bugun zuciya mara ka'ida, bugun zuciya ko kamawar zuciya.[5][6]

Ciwon zuciya
Description (en) Fassara
Iri coronary artery disease (en) Fassara, ischemia (en) Fassara, infarction (en) Fassara
cuta
Specialty (en) Fassara cardiology (en) Fassara
Symptoms and signs (en) Fassara chest pain (en) Fassara, nausea (en) Fassara, angina pectoris (en) Fassara, Kumburi
necrosis (en) Fassara
Effect (en) Fassara Gazawar zuciya
Genetic association (en) Fassara PLCL2 (en) Fassara, MIA3 (en) Fassara, PHACTR1 (en) Fassara da WDR12 (en) Fassara
Medical treatment (en) Fassara
Magani tenecteplase (en) Fassara, (RS)-metoprolol (en) Fassara, bisoprolol (en) Fassara, pindolol (en) Fassara, anisindione (en) Fassara, acebutolol (en) Fassara, diltiazem (en) Fassara, eptifibatide (en) Fassara, propranolol (en) Fassara, labetalol (en) Fassara, dalteparin (en) Fassara, (S)-(−)-timolol (en) Fassara, nadolol (en) Fassara, atenolol (en) Fassara, esmolol (en) Fassara, tirofiban (en) Fassara, sulfinpyrazone (en) Fassara, penbutolol (en) Fassara, Streptokinase (en) Fassara, anistreplase (en) Fassara, pharmaceutical preparation of nitroglycerin (en) Fassara, verapamil (en) Fassara, carvedilol (en) Fassara, esatenolol (en) Fassara da urokinase (en) Fassara
Identifier (en) Fassara
ICD-10-CM I21 da I22
ICD-10 I21
ICD-9 410
OMIM 608557
DiseasesDB 8664
MedlinePlus 000195
eMedicine 000195
MeSH D009203
Disease Ontology ID DOID:5844

Yawancin MIs na faruwa ne saboda cututtukan jijiyoyin jini.[5] Abubuwan da ke haifar da hadari sun hada da hawan jini, shan taba, ciwon sukari, rashin motsa jiki, kiba, hawan jini, rashin abinci mai gina jiki da yawan shan barasa.[7][8] Cikakken toshewar jijiya na jijiyoyin jini da ke haifar da fashewar plaque atherosclerotic yawanci shine tushen tsarin MI.[5] MIs ba su da yawa ta hanyar spasms na jijiyoyin jini, wanda zai iya zama saboda hodar iblis, tsananin damuwa da matsanancin sanyi, da sauransu.[9][10] Yawancin gwaje-gwaje suna da amfani don taimakawa tare da ganewar asali, ciki har da electrocardiograms (ECGs), gwajin jini da angiography na jijiyoyin jini.[11] ECG, wanda shine rikodin ayyukan wutar lantarki na zuciya, na iya tabbatar da ST elevation MI (STEMI), idan hawan ST yana nan.[2][12] Gwaje-gwajen jini da aka saba amfani da su sun hada da troponin da ƙarancin creatine kinase MB.[11]

Jiyya na MI yana da mahimmancin lokaci.[13] Aspirin magani ne da ya dace na gaggawa ga wanda kuma ake zargi da MI.[14] Ana iya amfani da Nitroglycerin ko opioids don taimakawa tare da ciwon kirji; duk da haka, ba su inganta gaba ɗaya sakamakon.[2][14] Ana ba da shawarar ƙarin iskar oxygen a cikin wadanda ke da ƙarancin iskar oxygen ko karancin numfashi.[14] A cikin STEMI, jiyya na kokarin dawo da kwararar jini zuwa zuciya kuma sun hada da shiga tsakani na jijiyoyin jini (PCI), inda ake tura arteries kuma ana iya tashe su, ko thrombolysis, inda aka cire toshewar ta amfani da magunguna.[2] Mutanen da ke da ciwon bugun jini maras ST (NSTEMI) galibi ana sarrafa su tare da heparin na jini, tare da karin amfani da PCI a cikin waɗanda ke cikin hadari mai girma.[14] A cikin mutanen da ke da toshewar arteries masu yawa da ciwon sukari, ana iya ba da shawarar tiyata na jijiyoyin jini (CABG) maimakon angioplasty.[15] Bayan MI, gyare-gyaren salon rayuwa, tare da magani na dogon lokaci tare da aspirin, beta blockers da statins, yawanci ana ba da shawarar.[2]

A duk duniya, kimanin miliyan 15.9 na ciwon zuciya sun faru a cikin 2015.[16] Fiye da mutane miliyan 3 suna da ST elevation MI, kuma fiye da miliyan 4 suna da NSTEMI.[17] STEMIs na faruwa kusan sau biyu a cikin maza kamar mata.[18] Kimanin mutane miliyan daya suna da MI kowace shekara a Amurka.[5] A cikin kasashen da suka ci gaba, haɗarin mutuwa a cikin waɗanda suka sami STEMI ya kai kusan 10%.[2] Yawan MI na shekarun da aka ba su ya ragu a duniya tsakanin 1990 da 2010.[19] A cikin 2011, MI na daya daga cikin mafi tsada yanayi a cikin marasa lafiya a Amurka, tare da farashin kusan dala biliyan 11.5 na asibitoci 612,000.[20]

Manazarta gyara sashe

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Coronary Heart Disease?". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. September 29, 2014. Archived from the original on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Steg PG, James SK, Atar D, Badano LP, Blömstrom-Lundqvist C, Borger MA, et al. (October 2012). "ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation". European Heart Journal. 33 (20): 2569–619. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs215. PMID 22922416.
  3. ↑ Coventry LL, Finn J, Bremner AP (2011). "Sex differences in symptom presentation in acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Heart & Lung. 40 (6): 477–91. doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2011.05.001. PMID 22000678.
  4. ↑ Valensi P, Lorgis L, Cottin Y (March 2011). "Prevalence, incidence, predictive factors and prognosis of silent myocardial infarction: a review of the literature". Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases. 104 (3): 178–88. doi:10.1016/j.acvd.2010.11.013. PMID 21497307.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "What Is a Heart Attack?". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. December 17, 2013. Archived from the original on 19 February 2015. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  6. ↑ "Heart Attack or Sudden Cardiac Arrest: How Are They Different?". www.heart.org. Jul 30, 2014. Archived from the original on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  7. ↑ Mehta PK, Wei J, Wenger NK (February 2015). "Ischemic heart disease in women: a focus on risk factors". Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine. 25 (2): 140–51. doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2014.10.005. PMC 4336825. PMID 25453985.
  8. ↑ Mendis, Shanthi; Puska, Pekka; Norrving, Bo (2011). Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control (PDF) (1st ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization. pp. 3–18. ISBN 978-92-4-156437-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-08-17.
  9. ↑ "What Causes a Heart Attack?". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. December 17, 2013. Archived from the original on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  10. ↑ Devlin RJ, Henry JA (2008). "Clinical review: Major consequences of illicit drug consumption". Critical Care. 12 (1): 202. doi:10.1186/cc6166. PMC 2374627. PMID 18279535.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "How Is a Heart Attack Diagnosed?". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. December 17, 2013. Archived from the original on 24 February 2015. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  12. ↑ "Electrocardiogram – NHLBI, NIH". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. 9 December 2016. Archived from the original on 11 April 2017. Retrieved 10 April 2017.
  13. ↑ Britton, the editors Nicki R. Colledge, Brian R. Walker, Stuart H. Ralston; illustrated by Robert (2010). Davidson's principles and practice of medicine (21st ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. pp. 588–599. ISBN 978-0-7020-3085-7.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 O'Connor RE, Brady W, Brooks SC, Diercks D, Egan J, Ghaemmaghami C, et al. (November 2010). "Part 10: acute coronary syndromes: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care". Circulation. 122 (18 Suppl 3): S787–817. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.971028. PMID 20956226.
  15. ↑ Hamm CW, Bassand JP, Agewall S, Bax J, Boersma E, Bueno H, et al. (December 2011). "ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)". European Heart Journal. 32 (23): 2999–3054. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr236. PMID 21873419.
  16. ↑ Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, et al. (GBD 2015 Disease Injury Incidence Prevalence Collaborators) (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
  17. ↑ White HD, Chew DP (August 2008). "Acute myocardial infarction". Lancet. 372 (9638): 570–84. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61237-4. PMC 1931354. PMID 18707987.
  18. ↑ O'Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, Casey DE, Chung MK, de Lemos JA, et al. (January 2013). "2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines". Circulation. 127 (4): e362–425. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182742cf6. PMID 23247304.
  19. ↑ Moran AE, Forouzanfar MH, Roth GA, Mensah GA, Ezzati M, Flaxman A, et al. (April 2014). "The global burden of ischemic heart disease in 1990 and 2010: the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study". Circulation. 129 (14): 1493–501. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.113.004046. PMC 4181601. PMID 24573351.
  20. ↑ Torio, Celeste (August 2013). "National Inpatient Hospital Costs: The Most Expensive Conditions by Payer, 2011". HCUP. Archived from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
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