Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli, suna da tasiri na aiyukan dan adam akan yanayin halitta, mafi yawan abin da ke haifar da lalacewar muhalli. Kare muhalli al'ada ce ta kare yanayin yanayi a kan daidaikun mutane, kungiyoyi ko gwamnati, don amfanin muhalli da mutane. Muhalli, cigaban zamantakewa da muhalli, yana magance matsalolin muhalli ta hanyar ba da shawara, ilimin dokoki da gwagwarmaya.[1]

Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na human impact on the environment (en) Fassara da social issue (en) Fassara
Handled, mitigated, or managed by (en) Fassara environmental mitigation (en) Fassara
Gurbacewar ruwa lamari ne da ya shafi muhalli da yawa. Wannan hoton yana nuna kumfa a sabon kogin yayin da yake shiga Amurka daga Mexico.
Environmental problem
Environmental issues in Hawthorne park

Lalacewar muhalli da mutane ke haifarwa matsala ce ta duniya mai gudana. Yawancin masana kuma suna tunanin cewa aikin ya kuma kai kololuwar yawan jama'ar duniya tsakanin mutane biliyan 9-10, zai iya rayuwa mai ɗorewa a cikin halittun duniya idan al'ummar bil'adama ta yi aiki don rayuwa mai ɗorewa a cikin iyakokin duniya.[2][3][4] Mafi yawan tasirin muhalli na faruwa ne sakamakon mafi yawan attajirai a duniya suna cin kayayyakin masana'antu da yawa.[5][6][7] Shirin Muhalli na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, a cikin rahotonsa na "Samar da Zaman Lafiya Tare da Kuma Yanayi" a cikin 2021, an gano yana magance manyan rikice-rikice na duniya, kamar gurbatar yanayi, canjin yanayi da asarar rayayyun halittu, idan ɓangarorin suka yi aiki don magance Manufofin Ci gaba mai dorewa.[8]

Nau'ukan gyara sashe

Manyan batutuwan muhalli na yanzu na iya hadawa awa da sauyin yanayi, gurbataccen yanayi, lalata muhalli, da karancin albarkatu. Kungiyoyin kiyayewa dan kariya ga nau'ikan da ke cikin hadari da kariya ga kowane yanki mai kima na muhalli, ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki da dumamar yanayi. Tsare-tsaren kasa da kasa kan batutuwan muhalli sun mayar da hankali kan muhimman batutuwa guda uku a matsayin "rikicin duniya sau uku": sauyin yanayi, gurbatar yanayi da asarar rayayyun halittu.[9]

Tasiri gyara sashe

Rikici gyara sashe

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Abin da ya jawo gyara sashe

Mataki gyara sashe

Adalci gyara sashe

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Kungiyoyi gyara sashe

Kungiyoyin gwamnati suna magance matsalolin muhalli a matakin yanki, na kasa ko na duniya.

Babbar hukumar kasa da kasa, wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1972, ita ce Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Majalisar dinkin Duniya. Kungiyar kare dabi'a ta kasa da kasa ta hada jihohi 83, hukumomin gwamnati 108, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu 766 da kungiyoyin kasa da kasa 81 da kwararru kusan 10,000, masana kimiyya daga kasashen duniya. Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na kasa da kasa sun hada da Greenpeace, Abokan Duniya da Asusun Duniya na yanayi. Gwamnatoci suna kafa manufofin muhalli da aiwatar da dokar muhalli kuma ana yin hakan zuwa digiri daban-daban a duniya.

Fim da talabijin gyara sashe

Ana samun karuwar fina-finan da ake shiryawa kan batutuwan da suka shafi muhalli, musamman kan sauyin yanayi da dumamar yanayi. Fim din Al Gore na shekarar 2006 Gaskiya mara dadi ya sami nasarar kasuwanci da babban bayanan watsa labarai.

Manazarta gyara sashe

  1. Eccleston, Charles H. (2010). Global Environmental Policy: Concepts, Principles, and Practice. Chapter 7. 08033994793.ABA.
  2. Alberro, Heather. "Why we should be wary of blaming 'overpopulation' for the climate crisis". The Conversation (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-12-31.
  3. "David Attenborough's claim that humans have overrun the planet is his most popular comment". www.newstatesman.com (in Turanci). 4 November 2020. Retrieved 2021-08-03.
  4. "Dominic Lawson: The population timebomb is a myth The doom-sayers are becoming more fashionable just as experts are coming to the view it has all been one giant false alarm". The Independent. UK. 18 January 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  5. Nässén, Jonas; Andersson, David; Larsson, Jörgen; Holmberg, John (2015). "Explaining the Variation in Greenhouse Gas Emissions Between Households: Socioeconomic, Motivational, and Physical Factors". Journal of Industrial Ecology (in Turanci). 19 (3): 480–489. doi:10.1111/jiec.12168. ISSN 1530-9290.
  6. Moser, Stephanie; Kleinhückelkotten, Silke (2017-06-09). "Good Intents, but Low Impacts: Diverging Importance of Motivational and Socioeconomic Determinants Explaining Pro-Environmental Behavior, Energy Use, and Carbon Footprint". Environment and Behavior. 50 (6): 626–656. doi:10.1177/0013916517710685. ISSN 0013-9165.
  7. Lynch, Michael J.; Long, Michael A.; Stretesky, Paul B.; Barrett, Kimberly L. (2019-05-15). "Measuring the Ecological Impact of the Wealthy: Excessive Consumption, Ecological Disorganization, Green Crime, and Justice". Social Currents. 6 (4): 377–395. doi:10.1177/2329496519847491. ISSN 2329-4965.
  8. Environment, U. N. (2021-02-11). "Making Peace With Nature". UNEP - UN Environment Programme (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-02-18.
  9. "SDGs will address 'three planetary crises' harming life on Earth". UN News (in Turanci). 2021-04-27. Retrieved 2022-02-18.