Wikipedia

'Yan ƙasa don Magani na Duniya

Citizens for Global Solutions kungiya ce ta membobin kasa a Amurka dake aiki don kafa Gwamnatin duniya [1] don kauce wa yaƙe-yaƙe na nukiliya na gaba. [2][3]

Bayanai
Suna a hukumance
Citizens for Global Solutions
Gajeren suna CGS
Iri Nonprofit
Ƙasa Tarayyar Amurka
Aiki
Member count (en) Fassara 34,000 (1948)
Mulki
Shugaba Cord Meyer IV (en) Fassara da Alan Cranston (mul) Fassara
Hedkwata Washington, D.C.
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira 23 ga Faburairu, 1947
Wanda ya samar
Mabiyi Student Federalists (en) Fassara

globalsolutions.org


Ya inganta Gwamnatin tarayya ta duniya, sake fasalin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kudurorin majalisa, da gyare-gyare ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Amurka don tallafawa gwamnatin tarayya ta Duniya.[4]

Tarihi

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Za'a iya gano asalin kungiyar zuwa ga wanda ya rigashi, World Federalists, wanda aka kafa a shekarar 1941. Wannan rukuni daga baya ya haɗu da wasu kungiyoyi a 1943 don ƙirƙirar Gwamnatin Duniya ta Tarayya, Inc. wanda ya samo asali zuwa Tarayyar Duniya, Amurka a 1945, kuma a 1947, ya canza zuwa Tarayyoyin Tarayyar Turai (UWF). [4]

A ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, 1947, [5] kungiyoyi biyar na tarayya na duniya - Amurkawa United for World Government (AUWG), World Federalists, Amurka (World Federalists of America), Student Federalists, Georgia World Citizens Committee (GWCC), da Massachusetts Committee for World Federation (MCWF) - sun haɗu don kafa United World Federalists (UWF). [6] Cord Meyer IV shine shugaban farko na kungiyar, tare da Grenville Clark, Thomas K. Finletter, Wallace Trevor Holliday suna aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban kasa.[7]

A cikin shekara ta 1948, kungiyar tana da mambobi sama da 34,000, ciki har da dalibai 7,000. Wannan adadin yakaru zuwa fiye da mambobi 50,000 a farkon shekarun 1950.[8]

Albert Einstein

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A shekara ta 1948, an gayyaci Cord Meyer don halartar taron Kwamitin Gaggawa na Masana Kimiyya na Atomic (ECAS) kuma ya sadu da Albert Einstein, [9] [10] Leo Szilard da sauran manyan Masana kimiyyar nukiliya. A lokacin ne Albert Einstein ya shiga UWF a matsayin memba na Kwamitin Bada Shawara kuma ya nuna goyon bayansa. Einstein da ECAS sun taimaka wa UEF wajen tara kudade a lokuta dayawa kuma sun bada kayan tallafi. [7]

A watan Yunin, 1951, a cikin littafinsa na Harrison Brown, Einstein ya bayyana United World Federalists a matsayin: "ƙungiyar da tafi kusa da burinmu

A watan Yunin, 1951, a cikin littafinsa na Harrison Brown, Einstein ya bayyana United World Federalists a matsayin: "ƙungiyar da tafi kusa da burinmu [1] na taron Cord Meyer tare da Albert Einstein a 1948 an rarraba shi sosai a intanet da kafofin sada zumunta, tare da ikirarin ƙarya na Einstein yana tare da likitansa. [11] [12][13]

Thane karanta

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A shekara ta 1949, Cord Meyer yayi murabus kuma Alan Cranston ya gaje shi. A wannan shekarar, Thane Read ya shiga UWF, wanda daga baya yafara kiran duniya a 1958 kuma ya sami goyon baya ga Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Mulki ta Duniya [14] wanda ya haifar da cigaban Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Tarayyar Duniya. [15] [16]

Daga baya aka sake sunan UWF a matsayin World Federalists USA . [6]

Rarraba da sakewa

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A shekara ta 1975, kungiyar ta mayar da hankali ga ayyukan ilimi a matsayin Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Duniya (WFA), yayin da membobin dake son cigaba da ƙoƙarin siyasa suka kafa Kamfen don Canjin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (CUNR). Kungiyoyin biyu sun haɗu a matsayin Citizens for Global Solutions (CGS) a shekara ta 2003. [17][18]

Jerin Shugabannin da suka gabata

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  • Cord Meyer (1947-1949)
  • Alan Cranston (1949-1952)
  • Norman Cousins (1952-1954) [19]
  • C. Maxwell Stanley (1954-1956) [20]
  • Donald Harrington (1956-1959)
  • Charles C. Price III (1959-1961)
  • Paul W. Walter (1961-1964)
  • C. Maxwell Stanley (1964-1966) [20]
  • Arnold S. Zander (1966-1967)
  • Neal Potter (1967-1968)
  • James G. Patton (1968-1969)
  • Joseph S. Clark (1969-1971) [21]
  • Luther H. Evans (1971-1976)
  • Norman Cousins (1976-1990) [19]
  • Charles C. Price III (1990-1992) [22] [23]
  • John B. Anderson (1992-)

Shekaru na baya-bayan nan

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A shekara ta 2006, CGS ta kaddamar da kamfen don hana tabbatar da John Bolton a matsayin jakadan Amurka a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Bolton, wanda ke aiki a matsayin nadin hutu, ya janye daga la'akari a wannan Disamba.

Dubi kuma

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  • Kwamitin Gaggawa na Masana Kimiyya na Atomic (ECAS)
  • Ra'ayoyin siyasa na Albert Einstein
  • Thane karanta
  • Gwamnatin Duniya
  • Kira na Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Mulki ta Duniya
  • Yarjejeniyar Tsarin Mulki ta Duniya
  • Tsarin Mulki na Tarayyar Duniya

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "LIFE - Hosted by Google". images.google.com. Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  2. ↑ "LIFE - Hosted by Google". images.google.com. Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  3. ↑ "LIFE - Hosted by Google". images.google.com. Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "archives.nypl.org -- United World Federalists records". archives.nypl.org. Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  5. ↑ "United World Federalists mss., 1928-1988 (bulk 1946-1986)". webapp1.dlib.indiana.edu. Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "World Federalist Association | UIA Yearbook Profile | Union of International Associations". uia.org. Archived from the original on 2023-08-21. Retrieved 2023-08-21.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :2
  8. ↑ "Citizens for Global Solutions". 2007-02-05. Archived from the original on 2007-02-05. Retrieved 2023-08-21.
  9. ↑ "Albert Einstein and World Federalist Cord Meyer in conversation, Princeton, NJ". International Center of Photography (in Turanci). 2016-02-29. Retrieved 2023-08-21.
  10. ↑ "These candid photographs capture the daily life of Albert Einstein, 1930s-1950s - Rare Historical Photos". Rare Historical Photos (in Turanci). 2022-06-01. Retrieved 2023-08-21.
  11. ↑ "This is NOT Albert Einstein With His Therapist". Gizmodo (in Turanci). 2015-08-25. Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  12. ↑ says, QuietBlogster (2017-04-02). "Einstein with his therapist?". HoaxEye (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2023-08-22. Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  13. ↑ "7 (More) Fun Facts That Are Total Lies". Gizmodo (in Turanci). 2013-12-26. Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  14. ↑ "Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Keller to sign the World Constitution for world peace. 1961". Helen Keller Archive. American Foundation for the Blind. Retrieved 2023-07-01 – via afb.org.
  15. ↑ "Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Keller to sign the World Constitution for world peace. 1961". Helen Keller Archive. American Foundation for the Blind. Retrieved 2023-07-01 – via afb.org.
  16. ↑ "Letter from World Constitution Coordinating Committee to Helen, enclosing current materials". Helen Keller Archive. American Foundation for the Blind. Retrieved 2023-07-03.
  17. ↑ "Citizens for Global Solutions | Center for Nonprofit Strategies". cnpsweb.org (in Turanci). Retrieved August 1, 2018.
  18. ↑ "Citizens for Global Solutions | UIA Yearbook Profile | Union of International Associations". uia.org. Archived from the original on 2023-03-25. Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Read-Brown, Ken. "Cousins, Norman (1915-1990)". Harvard Square Library. Unitarian Universalist biographies, history, books, and media. Retrieved July 20, 2017.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 "Details Page - The Biographical Dictionary of Iowa - The University of Iowa Libraries". uipress.lib.uiowa.edu. Retrieved 2023-09-01.
  21. ↑ "Bioguide Search". bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved 2023-09-01.
  22. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :8
  23. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :9

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