Mono yare ne da kusan kimanin mutane 65,000 ke magana [2] da shi a arewa maso yammacin ƙasar Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo . Yana ɗaya daga cikin yarukan Banda, wani yanki na reshen Daga ciki na yarukan Nijar-Congo. Yana da yare biyar: Bili, Bubanda, Mpaka, Galaba, da Kaga .

Yaren Mono
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-3 mnh
Glottolog mono1270[1]
kasar mono
Tafkin mono

Mono yana da nau'ikan hariffa 33, gami da sansani guda uku na labial-velar ( /k͡p/</link> , /ɡ͡b/</link> , and prenasalized /ᵑ͡ᵐɡ͡b/</link> ), tsarin wasali takwas na asymmetrical, da kumalabiodental flap /ⱱ/</link> (allophonically a bibial flap [ⱳ]</link> ) wanda ya bambanta da duka /v/</link> da /w/</link> . Harshen tonal ne.

Fassarar sauti

gyara sashe
Consonants
Labial Alveolar Bayan alv. /



</br> Palatal
Velar Labial-<br id="mwOA"><br><br><br></br> Velar Glottal
Nasal m ⟨ m ⟩ n ⟨ n ⟩ ɲ ⟨ ny ⟩
M /



</br> Haɗin kai
Voiceless p ⟨ p ⟩ t ⟨ t ⟩ tʃ ⟨ tsh ⟩ k ⟨ ⟩ k͡p ⟨ kp ⟩ ʔ ⟨ ' ⟩
Voiced b ⟨ b ⟩ d ⟨ d ⟩ dʒ ⟨ dj ⟩ g ⟨ g ⟩ ɡ͡b ⟨ gb ⟩
Prenasalized ᵐb ⟨ mb ⟩ ⁿd ⟨ ⟩ ⁿdʒ ⟨ ndj ⟩ ᵑɡ ⟨ ng ⟩ ᵑ͡ᵐɡ͡b ⟨ ngb ⟩
Implosive ɓ ⟨ 'b ⟩ ɗ ⟨ 'd ⟩
Mai sassautawa Voiceless f ⟨ f ⟩ s ⟨ s ⟩ ʃ ⟨ sh ⟩ h ⟨ h ⟩
Voiced v ⟨ v ⟩ z ⟨ z ⟩ ʒ ⟨ j ⟩
Trill / Taɓa ⱱ ~ ⱱ̟ ⟨ ⟩ r ⟨ r ⟩
Kusanci l ⟨ l ⟩ j ⟨ y ⟩ w ⟨ w ⟩
Wasula
Gaba Tsakiya Baya
Kusa i ⟨ i ⟩ ɨ ⟨ ɨ ⟩ u ⟨ ⟩
Kusa-tsakiyar e ⟨ e ⟩ ə ⟨ ⟩ o ⟨ ⟩
Bude-tsakiyar ɔ ⟨ ɔ ⟩
Bude a ⟨ a ⟩
Sautuna [3]
Babban Tsakar Ƙananan
IPA ˥ ⟨ á ⟩ ˧ ⟨ a ⟩ ˩ ⟨ à ⟩
Bayani Babban Matsayi Matsayin tsakiya Karancin Matsayi
Rubutu za a a
Misali áwá ⟨ ⟩ ⟨⟨ awa ⟩ awa ⟨ àwa ⟩
Ma'anar Turanci "zawo" "hanyar" "tsoron"

Manazarta

gyara sashe
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yaren Mono". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Ethnologue report for Mono
  3. Olson, Kenneth S. 2004
  • Kamanda-Kola, Roger. 2003. Phonologie et morpho-syntaxe du mono: Langue oubanguienne du Congo RD (Lincom Studies in African Languages 60). Munich: LINCOM EUROPA.
  • Olson, Kenneth S. 2005. phonology na Mono (SIL International da Jami'ar Texas a Arlington Publications a Linguistics 140). Dallas: SIL & UT.
  • Olson, Kenneth S. & Brian E. Schrag. 2000. 'Bayyana na Mono phonology'. A cikin H. Ekkehard Wolff & Orin Gensler (eds.), Gabatarwa daga Babban Taron Duniya na 2 na Linguistics na Afirka, Leipzig 1997, 393–409. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe.

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

gyara sashe