Yaren Katla
Katla (kuma Kaalak ko Kwaalak) yare ne na Katla, wanda ke da alaƙa da harshen makwabta da ake kira Tima . Katla galibi ana rarraba shi a matsayin Kordofanian, wanda ba reshe ne na uniform ba, kuma asalinsa ne ga Dutsen Nuba (Birgit Hellwig 2013:238). Duk da yake ana ganin Jalad a matsayin yaren akwai bambanci tsakanin kungiyoyin biyu. Hakazalika mutum na iya rarrabe Katla zuwa gabas da yammacin yarukan Katla (Brigit Hellwig 2013: 238), an yi imanin cewa ana magana da shi a ƙauyuka 11 da ke kusa da Jebel Katla kuma kabilansu shine kàlàk (Brigat Hellwig 2013): 238).
| Katla | |
|---|---|
| Kaalak | |
| Asali a | Sudan |
'Yan asalin magana | 25,000 Julud (2009)e25 |
|
Nnijer–Kongo
| |
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
kcr |
| Glottolog |
katl1237[1] |
Bambancin Julud yana da fahimtar juna tare da Katla-Kulharong amma ba tare da Katra-Cakom ba.
Fasahar sauti
gyara sasheSautin da aka yi amfani da shi
gyara sashe| Labari | Dental | Alveolar | Bayan alveolar<br id="mwIQ"> | Velar | Labar da ke cikin baki<br id="mwJg"> | Gishiri | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | ba tare da murya ba | t̪ | t | (c) | k | k͡p | (ʔ) | |
| murya | b | d̪ | d | ɟ | ɡ | ɡ͡b | ||
| Domenal | mb | nd̪ | nd | ɲɟ | ŋɡ | |||
| Fricative | s | (ʃ) | h | |||||
| Hanci | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||
| Rhotic | r | Sanya | ||||||
| Kusanci | w | l | j | |||||
| Labari | Dental / Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Labar da ke cikin baki | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | ba tare da murya ba | t̪ | Sanya | k | k͡p | ||
| murya | b | d̪ | Abin da ya faru | ɟ | ɡ | ɡ͡b | |
| Domenal | mb | nd̪ | Jiki da Jiki | ɲɟ | ŋɡ | ||
| Fricative | f | s | ʃ | ||||
| Hanci | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Rhotic | r | Sanya | |||||
| Kusanci | w | l | j | ||||
Sautin sautin
gyara sashe| A gaba | Tsakiya | Komawa | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kusa | i | u | |
| Tsakanin | da kuma | ə | o |
| ɛ | Owu | ||
| Bude | a |
/i, u/ kuma ana iya gane shi azaman [ɪ, ʊ].
| A gaba | Tsakiya | Komawa | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kusa | i | u | |
| ɪ | ʊ | ||
| Tsakanin | da kuma | ə | o |
| ɛ | Owu | ||
| Bude | ɐ | ||
| a |
Sunaye
gyara sasheYawancin mutane
gyara sasheYawancin sunayen lokaci a cikin Katla ba su da jam'i, ko dai ana sanya lambobi a gaban kalma ko kuma ana amfani da ma'auni. Sau da yawa kalmomin aro ba sa bin wannan doka sabili da haka canzawa a cikin jam'i (Meinhof 1917: 219)
Yanayin halitta
gyara sasheA lokuta da yawa Katla tana bin hanyar Sudanese na sanya asalin bayan ma'anar: 'u gbalana' "mai kare". Yawancin lokaci kodayake ana ƙoƙarin kauce wa wannan kuma ana sanya tsakanin sunayen biyu: 'gas i gu' Ō the dog' (Meinhof 1917:221)
Labari mai ma'ana
gyara sasheAn sanya shari'ar ra'ayi ta keta aikatau. Game da abubuwa da yawa kowannensu yana samun shari'a:
'gu šekemole retet' "The dog bit the gazelle" (Meinhof 1917:221)
Wakilan sunaye [2]
gyara sasheYa kasance I
Dj- Kai
Y- Ita/Shi/Yana
Ni-, N-, kai- Mu
Dj- Kai (pl.)
Y- Su
Lambobin [3]
gyara sashe1 Har ila yau,
2 Shirin
3 Hātẹd
4 Agalam
5 Indlovu
6 djọltẹn
7 djolēk
8 taṅ da kuma
9 Yankin
Rāk 10 RAK
Harsuna da wurare
gyara sasheHarsuna da wuraren ƙauyuka:
- Yaren Yuli: Kabog, Kabog Arewa, Kabosh, Kambai, Karkando, Karkarya, Kary, Kimndang, Kitanngo, Kolbi, Koto Kork, Octiang, Rumber, Sabba, da Tolot
- Yaren Katla: Bombori, Karoka, Kateik, Kiddu, Kirkpong, da Koldrong
Bayanan da aka ambata
gyara sashe- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Katla". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Meinhof, Carl. 1916-1917. Sprachstudien im egyptischen Sudan 14: Katla. Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen VII. 212-235. p.224
- ↑ Meinhof, Carl. 1916-1917. Sprachstudien im egyptischen Sudan 14: Katla. Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen VII. 212-235. p.223