Wariya
Wariya ita ce rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin mutane bisa ga ƙungiyoyi, ajujuwa, ko wasu nau'ikan da suke cikin su ko kuma ake ganin suna cikin su.[1] Ana iya nuna wariya ga mutane saboda launin fata, jinsi, shekaru, addini, nakasa, ko yanayin jima'i, da kuma wasu nau'ikan. Wariya na faruwa musamman a lokacin da aka yi wa daidaikun mutane ko kungiyoyi rashin adalci ta hanyar da ta fi sauran mutane muni, a kan hakikaninsu ko fahimtar kasancewarsu a wasu kungiyoyi ko zamantakewa. Ya ƙunshi ƙuntatawa membobin ƙungiya ɗaya daga dama ko gata da ke akwai ga membobin wata ƙungiya. [2]
 Wariya | |
|---|---|
sociological concept (en)  da legal concept (en) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
hali, social issue (en) da discrimination (en) |
| Suna a Kana | さべつ |
| Has cause (en) | Kyamar Baki |
| Yana haddasa |
hate speech (en) , hate crime (en) da social inequality (en) |
| Karatun ta |
sociology of inequalities (en) da feminist theory (en) |
| Hannun riga da |
non-discrimination (en) da anti-discrimination (en) |
Akwai al'adu, manufofi, ra'ayoyi, ayyuka da dokoki na wariya a ƙasashe da cibiyoyi da yawa a duk sassan duniya, gami da yankunan da ake kallon wariya gabaɗaya. A wasu wuraren, an yi amfani da yunƙuri irin na ƙididdiga don amfanar waɗanda aka yi imanin sun kasance a halin yanzu ko waɗanda aka yi musu wariya. Wadannan yunƙurin sau da yawa sun fuskanci cece-kuce, kuma a wasu lokuta ana kiran su nuna bambanci.[3]
Asalin kalma gyara sashe
Kalmar wariya ta bayyana a farkon ƙarni na 17 a cikin harshen Ingilishi. Ya fito ne daga Latin wariya 'rarrabuwa tsakanin', daga fi'ili nuna bambanci, daga nuna bambanci', daga fi'ili discernere. Tun lokacin yakin basasa na Amurka kalmar "wariya" gabaɗaya ta samo asali ne a cikin amfani daga kalmar Ingilishi na Amurka a matsayin fahimtar nuna kyama ga mutum dangane da jinsin su kawai, daga baya aka zama mamba a wata ƙungiyar da ba a so a cikin al'umma ko fannin zamantakewa. Kafin wannan ma’anar kalmar ta zama kusan duniya, ma’anarta ce ta fahimta, dabara da al’adu kamar a cikin “dandano da wariya”, gaba daya sifa abin yabo; don "wariya" da ake yawan wulakanta su.[4]
Ma'anoni gyara sashe
Masana falsafa na ɗabi'a sun ayyana nuna bambanci ta amfani da ma'anar ɗabi'a. Ƙarƙashin wannan hanya, ana bayyana wariya a matsayin ayyuka, ayyuka, ko manufofin da ke haifar da lahani ko rashi ga mutane bisa ga kasancewarsu cikin ƙungiyar jama'a ta gari. Wannan ma'anar kwatanta ce. Ba lallai ba ne a cutar da mutum don a nuna masa wariya. Shi ko ita kawai yana buƙatar a yi masa nuni fiye da wasu saboda wasu dalilai na son rai. Idan wani ya yanke shawarar ba da gudummawar don taimaka wa yara marayu, amma ya yanke shawarar ba da gudummawa kaɗan, a ce, ga yara baƙar fata saboda halin wariyar launin fata, zai kasance ta hanyar nuna wariya ko da kuwa a zahiri yana amfanar mutanen da yake wariya da su. sadaka musu da wasu kudi. [5] Har ila yau, wariya tana tasowa ta zama tushen zalunci, aikin gane wani a matsayin 'bambanta' ta yadda ake wulakanta shi da wulakanci.
Wannan ma’anar nuna wariya mai ɗabi’a ta bambanta da ma’anar da ba ta da ɗabi’a–a cikin ta farko, nuna bambanci ba daidai ba ne ta ma’anarsa, alhali a na ƙarshe, ba haka lamarin yake ba.[6]
Matsayin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da wariya ya hada da bayanin: "Halayen nuna wariya suna da nau'i-nau'i iri-iri, amma duk sun ƙunshi wani nau'i na wariya ko ƙin yarda." Kwamitin Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da sauran hukumomin kasa da kasa suna aiki don taimakawa kawo karshen wariya a duniya. [[File:Corsican_nationalism.jpg|thumb| Masu kishin ƙasa a Corsica wani lokaci suna fesa fenti ko harbi alamun zirga-zirga cikin Faransanci.
Manazarta gyara sashe
- ↑ "What drives discrimination and how do we stop it?". www.amnesty.org. Amnesty International. Retrieved October 13, 2020. Discrimination occurs when a person is unable to enjoy his or her human rights or other legal rights on an equal basis with others because of an unjustified distinction made in policy, law or treatment.
- ↑ Introduction to sociology. 7th ed. New York: W. W. Norton & Company Inc, 2009. p. 334.
- ↑ Introduction to sociology. 7th ed. New York: W. W. Norton & Company Inc, 2009. p. 334.
- ↑ Richard Tardif, ed. (1985). The Macquarie Concise Thesaurus — Australia's National Thesaurus. The Macquarie Library. ISBN 0-94975797-7.
- ↑ Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen, “Private Discrimination: A Prioritarian, Desert-Accommodating Account”, San Diego Law Review, 43, 817-856 (2006); Oscar Horta, “Discrimination in Terms of Moral Exclusion”, Theoria: Swedish Journal of Philosophy, 76, 346-364 (2010).
- ↑ "United Nations CyberSchoolBus: What is discrimination?". Archived from the original on June 1, 2014.