Umkhonto we Sizwe
Umkhonto we Sizwe ( Xhosa ), Ƙungiya ce ta masu ɗauke da makamai a Afrika ta Kudu guerilla wadda aka kafa a shekarar 1961 da Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu da sauran mutane daga African National Congress . An kuma ƙirƙira shi lokacin da gwamnati ta fara kashewa da cutar da mutanen da suka yi zanga-zangar adawa da mulkin wariyar launin fata . Mandela ya fara son ƴantar da Afirka ta Kudu ba tare da tashin hankali ba, amma gwamnati ta kirkiro dokoki don hana hakan. Daga nan sai Mandela ya yanke shawarar cewa idan baƙaƙen fata ba su yi amfani da tashin hankali ba, ba za su taba dawowa da hakkinsu ba. Sun kai hare-hare da yawa, ciki har da tashin bama-bamai . Mafi munin wannan shi ne tashin bam din da ya auku a titin Church a Pretoria .
 Umkhonto we Sizwe | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Iri |
military organization (en)  |
| Ƙasa | Afirka ta kudu |
| Ideology (en) |
socialism (en) |
| Mulki | |
| Shugaba |
Joe Slovo (en) , Ronnie Kasrils (en) da Chris Hani (mul) |
| Mamallaki |
African National Congress (en) |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 1961 |
| Wanda ya samar | |
| Dissolved | 1991 |
Umkhonto we Sizwe ya daina aiki a shekarar 1990 kafin ƙarshen mulkin wariyar launin fata, a shekarar 1991.