Siege of khartum

Siege of khartum

15°37′N 32°32′E
Iri	siege (en)
Bangare na	Mahdist War (en)
Kwanan watan	26 ga Janairu, 1885
Wuri	Khartoum

Siege of khartum

Yakin Khartoum (wanda aka fi sani da yakin Khartoum ko faduwar Khartoum) ya faru ne daga ranar 13 ga watan Maris shekara ta alif 1884 zuwa 26 ga watan Janairun shekarar alif 1885. Dakarun Mahdist na Sudan sun kwace birnin Khartoum daga sansaninsu na Masar, ta yadda suka samu iko da kasar Sudan baki daya.

Masar ta ci Sudan a shekarar 1820, amma ita kanta ta shiga karkashin mulkin Birtaniya a shekarar 1882. A shekarar alif 1881 ne aka fara yakin Mahdist a Sudan, karkashin jagorancin Muhammad Ahmad wanda ya yi ikirarin cewa shi ne Mahdi. Sojojin Masar dai sun kasa murkushe wannan tawaye, inda aka yi galaba a kansu a wasu fadace-fadacen da aka gwabza, sannan suka koma sansaninsu. Turawan Ingila sun ki aike da rundunar soji zuwa yankin, maimakon haka suka nada Charles George Gordon a matsayin Gwamna-Janar na Sudan, tare da ba da umarnin ficewa daga Khartoum da sauran sansanonin. Gordon ya isa birnin Khartoum a watan Fabrairu shekara ta alif 1884, inda ya gagara isa ga sauran rundunonin da aka yi wa kawanya. Maimakon Gordon ya tashi nan da nan ya fara ƙarfafa birnin, wanda ya katse a lokacin da ƙabilun yankin suka miƙa goyon bayansu ga Mahdi. Kimanin sojojin Masar 7,000 da fararen hula 27,000 (mafi yawansu 'yan Sudan) ne mayakan Mahdist 30,000 suka yi wa kawanya a birnin Khartoum, wanda ya kai 50,000 a karshen hari.

Bayan fage

Halin dabara Khedivate na Masar a matsayin ƙauyen daular Ottoman, amma ya zo ƙarƙashin mulkin soja na Biritaniya a lokacin Yaƙin Anglo-Egypt na 1882, wanda ya mai da shi kariyar kariyar Birtaniyya. An bar Masar galibi don yin mulkin kanta a ƙarƙashin Khedive, kodayake kuɗinta ya kasance ƙarƙashin tsarin sarrafa dual wanda ya fara a cikin 1870s. Turawan Ingila sun dauki Masarautar Sudan a matsayin wani lamari na cikin gida.

Muhammad Ahmad, mai kiran kansa Mahdi An fara tawaye a Sudan a shekara ta 1881, lokacin da Muhammad Ahmad ya yi iƙirarin cewa shi mahdi ne – wanda ya fanshi Musulunci ya yi annabci a cikin littattafan hadisi. Wannan tawaye na Mahdin ya samu goyon bayan wasu da dama a kasar Sudan, saboda dalilai na addini da kuma neman ‘yancin kai daga Masar.