Wikipedia

Sclerosis da yawa

Sclerosis da yawa (MS) cuta ce mai lalata jini wanda a cikinsa ya lalace murfin jijiyoyi a cikin kwakwalwa da kashin baya.[1] Wannan lalacewa yana rushe ikon sassan tsarin juyayi don watsa sigina, wanda ke haifar da nau'o'in alamu da alamu, ciki har da kuma matsalolin jiki, tunani, da kuma wasu lokuta na tabin hankali.[2][3][4] Takamaiman bayyanar cututtuka na iya haɗawa da hangen nesa biyu, makanta a cikin ido ɗaya, raunin tsoka da matsala tare da jin daɗi ko daidaitawa.[1] MS yana ɗaukar nau'o'i da yawa, tare da sababbin alamu ko dai suna faruwa a cikin keɓantattun hare-hare (saukan sake dawowa) ko haɓakawa na tsawon lokaci (sifofin ci gaba).[5] Tsakanin hare-hare, bayyanar cututtuka na iya ɓacewa gaba ɗaya; duk da haka, matsalolin jijiyoyi na dindindin sukan kasance sau da yawa, musamman yayin da cutar ta ci gaba.[6]

Sclerosis da yawa
Description (en) Fassara
Iri demyelinating disease (en) Fassara, demyelinating disease of central nervous system (en) Fassara, autoimmune disease of central nervous system (en) Fassara
cuta
Specialty (en) Fassara neurology (en) Fassara
Symptoms and signs (en) Fassara chronic neuropathic pain (en) Fassara
Physical examination (en) Fassara magnetic resonance imaging (en) Fassara, positron emission tomography (en) Fassara
lumbar puncture (en) Fassara
Genetic association (en) Fassara CLSTN2 (en) Fassara, BTNL2 (en) Fassara, HLA-DRA (en) Fassara, HACE1 (en) Fassara, VTI1A (en) Fassara, SAMD12 (en) Fassara, TLL1 (en) Fassara, RNASEL (en) Fassara, EGFL6 (en) Fassara, TSBP1 (en) Fassara, MLANA (en) Fassara, IL2RA (en) Fassara, STAT3 (en) Fassara, EPS15L1 (en) Fassara, TAGAP (en) Fassara, ZMIZ1 (en) Fassara, AHI1 (en) Fassara, ALPK2 (en) Fassara, BACH2 (en) Fassara, BATF (en) Fassara, CD58 (en) Fassara, CD86 (en) Fassara, CHST12 (en) Fassara, CLEC16A (en) Fassara, CLECL1 (en) Fassara, CXCR5 (en) Fassara, CYP24A1 (en) Fassara, DKKL1 (en) Fassara, DLEU1 (en) Fassara, EVI5 (en) Fassara, FCRL3 (en) Fassara, IL7R (en) Fassara, MALT1 (en) Fassara, MAPK1 (en) Fassara, MERTK (en) Fassara, MPV17L2 (en) Fassara, MYNN (en) Fassara, NDFIP1 (en) Fassara, PLCL2 (en) Fassara, PVR (en) Fassara, RGS14 (en) Fassara, RPS6KB1 (en) Fassara, RREB1 (en) Fassara, SAE1 (en) Fassara, SP140 (en) Fassara, SYK (en) Fassara, TNFRSF1A (en) Fassara, TNFSF14 (en) Fassara, ZBTB46 (en) Fassara, ZFP36L1 (en) Fassara, TRIM2 (en) Fassara, YWHAG (en) Fassara, SUMF1 (en) Fassara, CUEDC1 (en) Fassara, VAV2 (en) Fassara, CBLB (en) Fassara, MGAT5 (en) Fassara, CD6 (en) Fassara, MPHOSPH9 (en) Fassara, PDZRN4 (en) Fassara, CSMD1 (en) Fassara, GPC5 (en) Fassara, RELN (en) Fassara, NLRP11 (en) Fassara, C1GALT1 (en) Fassara, MET (en) Fassara, KIF1B (en) Fassara da SGCD (en) Fassara
Medical treatment (en) Fassara
Magani mitoxantrone (en) Fassara, dantrolene (en) Fassara, hydroxocobalamin (en) Fassara, azathioprine (en) Fassara, (RS)-baclofen (en) Fassara, interferon beta-1a (en) Fassara, interferon beta-1b (en) Fassara, (RS)-cyclophosphamide (en) Fassara, cyanocobalamin (en) Fassara, cladribine (en) Fassara, teriflunomide (en) Fassara, fingolimod (en) Fassara, apremilast (en) Fassara, alemtuzumab (en) Fassara, rituximab (en) Fassara, dalfampridine (en) Fassara, gabapentin, daclizumab (en) Fassara, modafinil (en) Fassara, natalizumab (en) Fassara, armodafinil (en) Fassara, methylprednisolone (en) Fassara, dimethyl fumarate (en) Fassara, pregabalin (en) Fassara, dalfampridine (en) Fassara, betamethasone (en) Fassara, monomethyl fumarate (en) Fassara, fingolimod (en) Fassara, teriflunomide (en) Fassara da corticotropin (en) Fassara
Identifier (en) Fassara
ICD-10-CM G35
ICD-9-CM 340
OMIM 612594, 612596 da 612595
DiseasesDB 8412
MedlinePlus 000737
eMedicine 000737
MeSH D009103
GeneReviews NBK1316
Disease Ontology ID DOID:2377

Duk da yake ba a san dalilin ba, ana tunanin tsarin da ke ciki ko dai lalacewa ta hanyar tsarin rigakafi ko gazawar sel masu samar da myelin.[7] Abubuwan da aka kawo na wannan sun haɗa da kwayoyin halitta da abubuwan muhalli waɗanda kamuwa da cuta ke haifar da su.[8][9] Yawancin lokaci ana bincikar MS bisa ga alamu da alamun bayyanar da sakamakon goyan bayan gwaje-gwajen likita.[10]

Babu sanannen magani ga sclerosis da yawa.[1] Jiyya na ƙoƙarin inganta aiki bayan hari da hana sabbin hare-hare.[8] Magungunan da ake amfani da su don magance MS, yayin da suke da inganci, na iya samun illa kuma ba a jure su da kyau ba.[1] Magungunan jiki na iya taimakawa tare da ikon mutane na yin aiki.[1] Mutane da yawa suna bin madadin jiyya, duk da rashin shaidar fa'ida.[11] Sakamakon dogon lokaci yana da wuyar tsinkaya; Mafi sau da yawa ana ganin sakamako mai kyau a cikin mata, waɗanda suka kamu da cutar a farkon rayuwarsu, waɗanda ke da koma baya, da waɗanda suka ɗanɗana farkon harin.[12] Tsawon rayuwa ya yi ƙasa da na al'ummar da ba a shafa ba a matsakaicin shekaru biyar zuwa goma.[2]

Sclerosis da yawa ita ce mafi yawan cututtuka na rigakafi da ke shafar tsarin kulawa na tsakiya.[13] A cikin 2015, kimanin mutane miliyan 2.3 ne abin ya shafa a duniya, tare da adadin ya bambanta sosai a yankuna daban-daban da kuma tsakanin al'ummomi daban-daban.[14][15] A wannan shekarar, kimanin mutane 18,900 ne suka mutu daga MS, daga 12,000 a 1990.[16][17] Cutar takan fara tsakanin shekaru ashirin da hamsin kuma sau biyu sau biyu ga mata kamar na maza.[18] An fara bayyana MS a cikin 1868 ta likitan ilimin likitancin Faransa Jean-Martin Charcot.[19] Sunan sclerosis da yawa yana nufin ɗimbin tabo mai glial (ko sclerae - ainihin plaques ko raunuka) waɗanda ke tasowa akan fararen fata na kwakwalwa da kashin baya.[19] Sabbin jiyya da hanyoyin ganowa suna ƙarƙashin haɓakawa.[20]

Takaitaccen bidiyon jagora (rubutun)

Manazarta gyara sashe

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "NINDS Multiple Sclerosis Information Page". National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. 19 November 2015. Archived from the original on 13 February 2016. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Compston A, Coles A (October 2008). "Multiple sclerosis". Lancet. 372 (9648): 1502–17. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61620-7. PMID 18970977.
  3. ↑ Compston A, Coles A (April 2002). "Multiple sclerosis". Lancet. 359 (9313): 1221–31. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08220-X. PMID 11955556.
  4. ↑ Murray ED, Buttner EA, Price BH (2012). "Depression and Psychosis in Neurological Practice". In Daroff R, Fenichel G, Jankovic J, Mazziotta J (eds.). Bradley's neurology in clinical practice (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1-4377-0434-1.
  5. ↑ Lublin FD, Reingold SC (April 1996). "Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis". Neurology. 46 (4): 907–11. doi:10.1212/WNL.46.4.907. PMID 8780061.
  6. ↑ Lublin FD, Reingold SC (April 1996). "Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis". Neurology. 46 (4): 907–11. doi:10.1212/WNL.46.4.907. PMID 8780061.
  7. ↑ Nakahara J, Maeda M, Aiso S, Suzuki N (February 2012). "Current concepts in multiple sclerosis: autoimmunity versus oligodendrogliopathy". Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology. 42 (1): 26–34. doi:10.1007/s12016-011-8287-6. PMID 22189514.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Compston A, Coles A (April 2002). "Multiple sclerosis". Lancet. 359 (9313): 1221–31. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08220-X. PMID 11955556.
  9. ↑ Ascherio A, Munger KL (April 2007). "Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part I: the role of infection". Annals of Neurology. 61 (4): 288–99. doi:10.1002/ana.21117. PMID 17444504.
  10. ↑ Tsang BK, Macdonell R (December 2011). "Multiple sclerosis- diagnosis, management and prognosis". Australian Family Physician. 40 (12): 948–55. PMID 22146321.
  11. ↑ Huntley A (January 2006). "A review of the evidence for efficacy of complementary and alternative medicines in MS". International MS Journal. 13 (1): 5–12, 4. PMID 16420779.
  12. ↑ Weinshenker BG (1994). "Natural history of multiple sclerosis". Annals of Neurology. 36 (Suppl): S6-11. doi:10.1002/ana.410360704. PMID 8017890.
  13. ↑ Berer K, Krishnamoorthy G (November 2014). "Microbial view of central nervous system autoimmunity". FEBS Letters. 588 (22): 4207–13. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2014.04.007. PMID 24746689.
  14. ↑ GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282.
  15. ↑ World Health Organization (2008). Atlas: Multiple Sclerosis Resources in the World 2008 (PDF). Geneva: World Health Organization. pp. 15–16. ISBN 978-92-4-156375-8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 October 2013.
  16. ↑ GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
  17. ↑ GBD 2013 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators (January 2015). "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 385 (9963): 117–71. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442.
  18. ↑ Milo R, Kahana E (March 2010). "Multiple sclerosis: geoepidemiology, genetics and the environment". Autoimmunity Reviews. 9 (5): A387-94. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2009.11.010. PMID 19932200.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Clanet M (June 2008). "Jean-Martin Charcot. 1825 to 1893". International MS Journal. 15 (2): 59–61. PMID 18782501. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
  20. ↑ Cohen JA (July 2009). "Emerging therapies for relapsing multiple sclerosis". Archives of Neurology. 66 (7): 821–8. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2009.104. PMID 19597083.
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