Sandaro watau condensation shine canjin yanayin al'amari na dan lokaci daga matsayin iskar gas zuwa ruwa, da kuma shi ne maimakon tururi wato vaporization. Kalmar galibi tana nufin zagayowar ruwa. Hakanan ana iya bayyana shi azaman canji a cikin yanayin tururin ruwa zuwa ruwa mai ruwa lokacin da ake hulɗa da ruwa ko tsayayyen farfajiya ko kuma iskar ƙanƙara ta cikin iska.[1] Lokacin da canjin ya faru daga lokacin gas zuwa cikin madaidaicin lokaci kai tsaye, ana kiran canjin ajiya.

Sandaro
phase change (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Yana haddasa liquid state of matter (en) Fassara
Karatun ta thermodynamics (en) Fassara
Uses (en) Fassara gaseous state of matter (en) Fassara
Hannun riga da vaporization (en) Fassara
Digital Atlas of Idaho URL (en) Fassara https://digitalatlas.cose.isu.edu/clima/imaging/conden.htm
Sandaro (Condensation) na faruwa a wuri mai karancin zafi nasararin samaniya a jikin fiffiken jirgin sama saboda haɓakar adiabatic

Ƙaddamarwa gyara sashe

Sandaro na fara shi ne ta hanyar samar da tarin atomic/kwayoyin halittar wannan nau'in a cikin ƙarar gas ɗinsa - kamar ruwan sama ko samuwar dusar ƙanƙara a cikin gajimare - ko a saduwa tsakanin irin wannan lokaci na gas da ruwa ko ruwa mai ƙarfi. A cikin gajimare , ana iya sarrafa wannan ta hanyar sunadarai masu narkar da ruwa, waɗanda microbes na yanayi ke samarwa, waɗanda ke da ikon ɗaure ƙwayoyin gas ko na ruwa.[2]

Abubuwan sake juyawa gyara sashe

Wasu 'yan yanayin da sake juyawa daban -daban suna fitowa anan dangane da yanayin farfajiya.

  • sha a cikin farfajiya na ruwa (ko dai daga cikin abu ɗaya ko ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan narkar da shi) - yana jujjuyawa azaman ƙaura .
  • adsorption (kamar ɗigon digo) a kan ƙasa mai ƙarfi a cikin matsin lamba da yanayin zafi sama da nau'in sau uku na nau'in - kuma ana iya jujjuyawa azaman ƙaura.
  • adsorption a kan m surface (a matsayin ƙarin yadudduka na m) a matsin lamba da yanayin zafi ƙasa da nau'in ' sau uku - yana juyawa kamar sublimation .

Mafi awancin al'amura gyara sashe

Sandaro galibi yana faruwa lokacin da aka sanyaya tururi da/ko matsawa zuwa iyakar saturation lokacin da ƙimar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin iskar gas ta kai ƙima mafi girma. Injin sanyaya da matsi na tururi da ke tattara ruɓaɓɓen ruwa ana kiransa "condenser" .

 
Sandaro a jikin taga a lokacin sanyi.
 
Sandaro a jikin taga, saboda kasancewarsa a gaban teku wanda ke samar da feshin ruwa mai danshi akai-akai.

Gwaje Gwaje gyara sashe

Psychrometry yana auna ƙimar kuzarin ta hanyar ƙaura zuwa cikin danshi a cikin matsin lamba da yanayin yanayi daban -daban. Ruwa shine samfur na haɓakar tururinsa - sandaro shine tsarin irin wannan juyi na lokaci.

Anfanukan Sandaro gyara sashe

 
A cikin ɗakunan girgije wani ruwa (wani lokacin ruwa, amma yawanci isopropanol ) yana haɗuwa yayin saduwa da barbashi na radiation don haka yana haifar da sakamako mai kama da ƙeta.

Sandaro abu ne mai mahimmanci na distillation, muhimmin dakin gwaje -gwaje da aikace -aikacen sunadarai na masana'antu.

Saboda haɓakar ruwa abu ne da ke faruwa a zahiri, galibi ana iya amfani da shi don samar da ruwa mai yawa don amfanin ɗan adam. An yi gine -gine da yawa ne kawai don manufar tattara ruwa daga ɗumama, kamar rijiyoyin iska da shingayen hazo. Irin waɗannan tsarin galibi ana iya amfani da su don riƙe danshi a ƙasa a wuraren da kwararowar hamada ke faruwa - ta yadda wasu ƙungiyoyi ke ilimantar da mutanen da ke zaune a yankunan da abin ya shafa game da maƙera na ruwa don taimaka musu magance yanayin yadda yakamata.[3]

Hakanan hanya ce mai mahimmanci wajen ƙirƙirar barbashi a cikin rukunin giza-gizai. A wannan yanayin, ions da ke faruwa ta hanyar wasu barbashi yana zama matsayin wajen faruwan sandarewar don cukuwar tururin damshi wanda ke samar da “girgije” da ake gani.

Anfanukan da ake yi sandaro a wajajen kasuwanci, ga mabukata da masana'antu, sun haɗa da samar da wutar lantarki, cire gishiri daga ruwa,[4] sarrafa dumi, [5] samarda kayan sanyi, da sarrafa iska wato iya kwandishan.

Kafuwar halittu gyara sashe

Yawancin halittu masu rai suna amfani da ruwan da aka samu ta hanyar sandaro. Misalai kaɗan na waɗannan sune ƙaya na thorny devil da ake samu a kasar Austiraliya, ƙwaƙƙwaran dusar ƙanƙara a gabar tekun Namibiya, da redwoods na Tekun Yammacin Amurka .

Sandaro a jikin gini gyara sashe

 
Sandaro akan taga yayin ruwan sama.

Sandaro a jikin gini lamari ne da ba a so saboda yana iya haifar da danshi, lamuran kiwon lafiya mai ƙyalli, ɓarna na itace, lalata, raunin turmi da bangon bango, da azabtar da kuzari saboda karuwar canja wurin zafi. Don sauƙaƙe waɗannan batutuwan, ana buƙatar saukar da danshi na cikin gida, ko kuma buƙatar inganta iska a cikin ginin. Ana iya yin hakan ta hanyoyi da yawa, misali buɗe windows, kunna fanfunan cirewa, yin amfani da abubuwan kashe iska, bushewa tufafi a waje da rufe tukwane da kwano yayin dafa abinci. Za'a iya shigar da tsarin sanyaya iska ko tsarin samun iska wanda ke taimakawa cire danshi daga iska, da motsa iska a cikin ginin. Za a iya ƙara yawan tururin ruwa da za a iya adanawa a cikin iska ta hanyar ƙara yawan zafin jiki. A wani fannin, wannan na iya zama amfani biyu kamar yadda yawancin sandaro yawa a cikin gida ke faruwa lokacin da ɗumi, danshi mai nauyi ya shiga cikin wuri mai sanyi. Yayin da iskar ta yi sanyi, ba za ta iya riƙe tururin ruwa ba. Wannan yana haifar da zubar da ruwa akan farfajiya mai sanyi. Wannan yana bayyana sosai lokacin da ake amfani da dumama ta tsakiya a haɗe tare da kofan gilashi ɗaya a cikin hunturu.

Sandaro na Intersection zai iya faruwa ta hanyar gadoji na thermal, rashin isasshen hasken rana, karfafa gini ko hanyar iska.[6]

Teburi gyara sashe

Template:Table of phase transitions

Duba kuma gyara sashe

 

Majiyoyi

Manazarta gyara sashe

  1. "IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version:  (2006–) "condensation in atmospheric chemistry". doi:10.1351/goldbook.C01235.
  2. Schiermeier, Quirin (2008-02-28). "'Rain-making' bacteria found around the world". Nature. Retrieved 2018-06-21.
  3. "FogQuest - Fog Collection / Water Harvesting Projects - Welcome Archived 2009-02-23 at the Wayback Machine.
  4. Warsinger, David M.; Mistry, Karan H.; Nayar, Kishor G.; Chung, Hyung Won; Lienhard V., John H. (2015). "Entropy Generation of Desalination Powered by Variable Temperature Waste Heat". Entropy. 17 (11): 7530–7566. Bibcode:2015Entrp..17.7530W. doi:10.3390/e17117530.
  5. White, F.M. ‘Heat and Mass Transfer’ © 1988 Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. pp. 602–604
  6. Condensation around the house - what causes condensation". diydata.com. Archived from the original on 2008-01-13.