Qurabiya
'Gurbiya' (Arabic) kuma ghraybe, ghorayeba, ghoriba, ghribia, ghraïba, gurabija, Griyyaba,,, kurabiye, ko ko kourabiedes (Greek) da sauran maganganu da furci da yawa, irin kek ne na gajeren burodi, yawanci ana yin shi da almonds na ƙasa. Ana samun nau'ikan a yawancin abinci na Larabawa, Balkan da Ottoman, tare da nau'ikan daban-daban da girke-girke. Suna kama da polvorones daga Andalusia.[1][2]
Qurabiya | |
---|---|
shortbread (en) , cookie (en) da pastry (en) | |
Kayan haɗi | almond meal (en) |
A cikin Maghreb da Masar, galibi ana ba da su tare da shayi na Libya, Kofi na Larabci ko shayi na mint na Maghrebi.
Tarihi
gyara sasheAn ba da girke-girke don gajeren burodi mai kama da ghorayebah amma ba tare da almond ba, wanda ake kira a cikin Larabci khushkanānaj gharīb (kookie mai ban sha'awa), a cikin littafin dafa abinci na Larabci na farko da aka sani, Kitab al-Ṭabīīīī . [1] Kurabiye ya bayyana a cikin Abincin Ottoman a karni na 15.
Akwai muhawara game da asalin kalmomin. Wasu ba su ba da wata asali ga kalmar kurabiye ta Turkawa ba sai Turkawa, wasu kuma sun ba da Larabci ko Farisa. Daga cikin wasu, masanin ilimin harsuna Sevan Nişanyan ya ba da asalin Larabci, a cikin littafinsa na 2009 na ƙamus na Turkiyya, daga ġurayb ko ğarîb (exotic). Koyaya, ya zuwa 2019, ƙamus na kan layi na Nişanyan yanzu yana ba da farkon sanannun yin amfani da rubuce-rubuce a cikin Turkanci kamar ƙarshen karni na 17, wanda ya samo asali daga gulābiya na Farisa, kuki da aka yi da ruwan fure, daga gulāb, mai alaƙa da furanni. Ya lura cewa kalmomin Larabci na Siriya ġurābiye / ġuraybiye wataƙila sun samo asali ne daga Turkawa. [3]
Bambancin yanki
gyara sasheCrimea
gyara sasheTatars na Crimea (mutane na Crimea) suna kiran kukis "khurabie" (qurabiye, qurabye, къурабье, къурабие
Tatar na Crimea "kurabye" yana da siffofi da yawa, amma a zahiri yana kama da rhombus, ko haɗuwa da rhombuses biyu ko uku don samar da furen, ko kuma an yanke shi a cikin siffar crescent.
Tatars na Crimea suna shirya kurabye kamar haka: ana gauraya sukari mai foda da ghee, sannan kuma ana ƙara gari.
An gama "khurabye" gaba ɗaya tare da sukari mai foda a kowane bangare.[4]
Albania
gyara sasheGurabija
Aljeriya
gyara sasheGhribia (Algerian Arabic)
- Ghribia tare da almond
- Ghribia tare da peanutsƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta
- Ghribia tare da walnuts
- Ghribia tare da Pistachios
Armenia
gyara sasheashi kamar burodi, kunnen alkama, ko takalmin doki wanda ke nuna lafiya, wadata, da wadata. An fi cinye shi a lokacin Easter, Kirsimeti da bukukuwan sabuwar shekara. Daga baya, an kara karin sinadaran, kamar ƙwai, cinnamon, da walnuts.
Bulgaria
gyara sasheKurabii, sunan abincin Bulgarian da nau'ikan kuki da yawa, sanannen nau'ikan mai dadi. Musamman a lokacin hutu, kuma jams iri-iri da aka samar ta hanyar sabuwar shekara tare da kukis mai sukari da aka yi wa ado da siffofi masu kyau ana kiransu "maslenki".
Girka da Cyprus
gyara sasheFassarar Girkanci, wanda ake kira "''kourabiethes''" κουραμπιές ko "kourabethes" (Girkanci: ckbando), yayi kama da gajeren gurasa mai sauƙi, yawanci ana yin shi da almonds. Kourabiedes wani lokacin ana yin su da brandy, yawanci Metaxa, don dandano, kodayake vanilla, mastika ko ruwan fure suma sanannu ne. A wasu yankuna na Girka, ana yin ado da kourabiedes na ƙusaKirsimeti tare da ƙuƙwalwar ƙanshi guda ɗaya da aka saka a cikin kowane kuki.[5] Kourabiedes ana siffanta su ko dai a cikin crescents ko balls, sannan a dafa su har zuwa dan kadan zinariya. Yawancin lokaci ana mirgine su cikin sukari yayin da suke da zafi, suna samar da man shanu mai sukari.[6] Kourabiedes sananne ne ga lokatai na musamman, kamar Kirsimeti ko baftisma.
Kalmar Helenanci "kourabiedes" ta fito ne daga kalmar Turkiyya kurabiye, wanda ke da alaƙa da qurabiya, dangin kukis na Gabas ta Tsakiya.
A Cyprus, ana ba da su a matsayin kyauta ga masu halartar bikin aure bayan bikin.
Iran
gyara sasheA Tabriz, ana yin Qurabiyas da garin almond, sukari, farin kwai, vanilla, margarine da kuma murfin da aka niƙa da almond. Ana ba da shi da kansa ko tare da shayi, al'ada ana sanya shi a saman shayi don sa ya zama mai laushi kafin cin abinci.[7][8][9]
Bambance-bambance ciki har da: [10]
- Ghoriba tare da Cardamom
- Ghoriba tare da pistachio
- Ghoriba tare da saffron
Gabatarwa
gyara sashe- Ghoriba tare da pistachio
- Ghoriba tare da ruwan RoseRuwa mai ruwan hoda
Libya
gyara sasheGhraïba Fassarar Larabci na Libya
- Ghoriba tare da peanuts
- Ghoriba tare da almond
- Ghoriba tare da walnuts
Maroko
gyara sasheGhoriba (Moroccan Arabic: غْرِيبَة) a Maroko da sauran sassan Maghreb, shahararrun kukis galibi suna amfani da semolina maimakon fararen gari, suna ba da ƙwayoyin cuta na musamman.
asalin Ghriba an yi shi ne daga gari kuma an ɗanɗano shi da lemun tsami ko orange zest da cinnamon, ana yawan ba da wannan zaki a jam'iyyun, tare da shayi ko kofi.[11]
- Mlouwza, an yi shi da almond da sukari da aka ɗanɗano da ruwan orange
- Ghoriba bahla
- Ghoriba dyal zite
- Ghoriba mramla
Saudi Arabia
gyara sasheGhurēba / Ghrēba (Arabic), bambance-bambance sun hada da:
- Ghurēba tare da pistachio
- Ghurēba tare da almond
- Ghurēba tare da cardamom
Turkiyya
gyara sasheAna amfani da kalmar kurabiye don nunawa ga biscuits iri-iri a Turkiyya, ba lallai ba ne na cikin gida, kodayake ana yin nau'ikan kurabiye daban-daban na gida; gami da necessitatbadem kurabiyesi da un kurabiyesi.
Duba sauran bayani
gyara sashe
- Kaki na almond
- Wani kurabiyesi
- Hallongrotta
- Kukis na Kavala Almond
- Murabbalı mecidiye
- Nankhatai
- Osmania Biscuit
- Alamun
- Ruwan wuta
- İzmir Bomb Kurabiye
- Bethmännchen
- Şekerpare
- Jerin abincin almond
- Jerin gajeren burodi da kukis
Manazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ Williams, Stephanie (5 August 2012). "Lost and loving it in Morocco". Herald Sun. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
- ↑ Kragen, Pam (19 March 2013). "Cookbook a love letter to Morocco". U-T San Diego. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
- ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan. "Kurabiye". Nişanyan Sözlük. Retrieved 2019-01-04.
- ↑ "Кхураб'є". yizhakultura.com. Retrieved 2023-06-30.
- ↑ Sam Sotiropoulos (2009-12-23). "Greek Food Recipes and Reflections, Toronto, Ontario, Canada". Greekgourmand.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2014-03-16.
- ↑ "Irene's Kourabiedes (Kourabiethes) (Greek Butter Cookies)". Thursdayfordinner.com. Retrieved 2015-02-27.
- ↑ "GHORABIEH TABRIZ قرابیه تبریز" (in Turanci). 2016-03-16. Retrieved 2024-07-27.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "Qurabiya ( Ghorabiye )". Tishineh (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-07-27.
- ↑ Admin (2022-06-01). "Best Persian Desserts and Sweets to Try in Iran". Legendaryiran (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-07-27.
- ↑ "حوليات الآداب والعلوم الاجتماعية". مجلس النشر العلمي، جامعة الكويت. Issues 317-321: 118.
- ↑ "15 favorite Moroccan culinary specialties" (in Turanci). 16 April 2022. Retrieved 2022-04-19.