Maurice Challe

 

Maurice Challe
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Maurice Prosper Félix Marie Challe
Haihuwa	Le Pontet (en) , 5 Satumba 1905
ƙasa	Faransa
Mutuwa	16th arrondissement of Paris (en) , 18 ga Janairu, 1979
Karatu
Makaranta	École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr (en)
Harsuna	Faransanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	soja da French resistance fighter (en)
Kyaututtuka	gani Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
Aikin soja
Fannin soja	French Army (en)
Digiri	army general (en)
Ya faɗaci	Algerian War (en)

Maurice Challe an haife shie ( a watan Satumba shekarar ta 1905 - 1890) ya kasance janar din soja na kasar Faransa a lokacin Yaƙin Aljeriya, ɗaya daga cikin janarori hudu ne da suka shiga cikin juyin mulkin Algiers .

Dan asalin Le Pontet, Vaucluse, kuma tsohon soja na Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Challe ya ba da umarnin yaƙi na Luftwaffe ga Burtaniya kafin D-Day kuma ya goyi bayan dawowar De Gaulle zuwa mulki. Challe da farko ya yi aikin soja a cikin sojan ƙasa kuma daga baya aka nada shi jami'in matukin jirgi a cikin jirgin sama na soja, ya ci gaba da zama kwamandan Sojojin Sama na Faransa a Aljeriya tsakanin 1955 da 1960.

A watan Yulin 1956, shugaban Masar Gamal Abdel Nasser ya mallaki Canal na Suez, ya saba wa yarjejeniyar da ya sanya hannu tare da gwamnatocin Burtaniya da Faransa. A ranar 14 ga Oktoba 1956, Challe ya ziyarci Firayim Ministan Burtaniya Anthony Eden a Chequers, tare da Ministan Ayyuka na Faransa Albert Gazier . Faransanci biyu sun gaya wa Eden game da tattaunawar sirri tsakanin Isra'ila da Faransa game da wani hari da Isra'ila ta yi a kan Masar wanda ya biyo bayan mamayar soja ta ikon Turai, don sarrafa Suez Canal. Eden ta goyi bayan shirin tare da albarkatun Burtaniya ciki har da sojojin soja, kai tsaye wanda ya haifar da Rikicin Suez .

Challe janar ne na Sojojin Sama na Faransa wanda babban nasarar soja ya kasance a cikin ayyukan yaki da ta'addanci a lokacin yakin Aljeriya . Yakinsa, wanda ya fara a watan Maris na shekara ta 1959, ya yi nasarar raunana ALN sosai. Ta hanyar amfani da sauri da kuma mayar da hankali ga karfi, Challe ya sa masu tayar da kayar baya na ALN a cikin koma baya da rikici. Wasu za su yi nazarin sabbin dabarunsa kuma su yi koyi da su - musamman sojojin gwamnatin Siriya a Yaƙin basasar Siriya da ke neman ci gaba da tayar da kayar baya. An kammala shirin Challe ne kawai a wani bangare kafin a sake sanya shi Faransa.

Layin waya mai amfani da wutar lantarki, filayen ma'adinai da sauran shingen soja, Challe Line, an sanya masa suna. Ya ninka wani aikin tsaro, Morice Line, wanda ya karfafa iyakar kuma ya raba Aljeriya daga Morocco da Tunisia.

Ya kasance Babban Kwamandan Sojojin Allied Sojojin Tsakiyar Turai (CINCENT) daga Mayu 1960 zuwa murabus dinsa da gangan a watan Fabrairun 1961.  

Challe na ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin juyin mulkin Algiers na 1961, tare da Raoul Salan, Edmond Jouhaud, da André Zeller . Babban dalilin da ya sa Challe ya shiga shi ne damuwarsa cewa harkis musulmi da suka yi aiki tare da Sojojin Faransa a kan FLN za su fuskanci ramuwar gayya a yayin samun 'yancin kai na Algeria. A cikin taron, an kashe adadi mai yawa na waɗannan masu biyayya a cikin 1962. Bayan gazawar juyin mulki, shi da Zeller sun mika wuya ga Sojojin Faransa (yayinda Salan da Jouhaud suka kirkiro OAS). An yanke wa Challe hukuncin shekaru 15 a kurkuku. An sake shi a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1966 kuma ya sami afuwa daga Shugaba de Gaulle a shekarar 1968. Challe ya mutu a ranar 18 ga Janairun 1979, yana da shekaru 73, a birnin Paris.  

Manazarta

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